A Brown University sleep researcher has some advice for people who run high schools: Don’t start classes so early in the morning. It may not be that the students who nod off at their desks are lazy. And it may not be that their parents have failed to enforce(确保) bedtime. Instead, it may be that biologically(生物学上)these sleepyhead(贪睡者)students aren’t used to the early hour.

　　“Maybe these kids are being asked to rise at the wrong time for their bodies,” says Mary Carskadon, a professor looking at problem of adolescent (青春期的)sleep at Brown’s School of Medicine.

　　Carskadon is trying to understand more about the effects of early school time in adolescents. And, at a more basic level, she and her team are trying to learn more about how the biological changes of adolescence affect sleep needs and patterns(方式).

　　Carskadon says her work suggests that adolescents may need more sleep than they did at childhood, no less, as commonly thought.

　　Sleep patterns change during adolescence, as any parent of an adolescent can prove. Most adolescents prefer to stay up later at night and sleep later in the morning. But it’s not just a matter of choice---their bodies are going through a change of sleep patterns.

　　All of this makes the transfer(迁移)from middle school to high school---which may start one hour earlier in the morning----all the more difficult, Carskadon says. With their increased need for sleep and their biological clocks set on the “sleep late, rise late” pattern, adolescents are up against difficulties when they try to be up by 5 or 6 a.m. for a 7:30 a.m. first bell. A short sleep on a desktop may be their body’s way of saying. “I need a timeout.”

51. Carskadon suggests that high schools should not start classes so early in the morning

 because _______.

A. it is really tough for parents to enforce bedtime

　 B. it is biologically difficult for students to rise early

　 C. students work so late at night that they can’t get up early

　 D. students are so lazy that they don’t like to go to school early

52. The underlined phrase nod off most probably means _______.

53. What might be a reason for the hard transfer from middle school to high school?

　 A. Adolescents depend more on their parents.

　 B. Adolescents have to choose their sleep patterns.

　 C. Adolescents sleep better than they did at childhood.

　 D. Adolescents need more sleep than they used to.

54. What is the test mainly about?

To learn a foreign language well, you need to spend a lot of time on it. The ___46___ time you spend on the language, the faster you will learn. This does not ___47___ sitting in class looking out of the window, nor listening to other students who do not speak well. This means spending time enjoyably on the ___48___ you are learning.

Listen to the language you are learning on your MP3 player. Read ___49___ you are listening to. Listen to and read things that you like, things that you can mostly ___50___, or even partly understand. One hour of listening or reading is more effective（有效率）than many hours of class time. If you ___51___ listening and reading, you will improve yourself.

Build up your vocabulary lists, which you’ll need lots of. Start to notice words and how they come ___52___ as phrases. Learn these words and phrases ___53___ listening and reading. Read online, using online dictionaries, and make your own vocabulary lists. Do not ___54___ for someone else to show you the language, nor to tell you what to do, and you should discover the language by yourself, like a child growing up. Talk when you feel like it. ___55___ when you feel like. You are learning and improving. The language will become clearer in your mind. Just make sure you spend enough time on the language.

To be a good teacher, you need some of the gifts of a good actor; you must be able to hold the attention and interest of your audience; you must be a clear speaker, with a good, strong, pleasant voice which is fully under your control; and you must be able to act what you are teaching, in order to make its meaning clear.

Watch a good teacher, and you will see that he doesn’t sit still before his class; he stands the whole time he is teaching; he walks about, using his arms, hands and fingers to help him in his explanations, and his face to express feelings.

There are very important differences between the teacher’s work and the actor’s.

The actor has to speak words which he has learnt by heart; he has to repeat exactly the same words each time he plays a certain part, even his movements and the ways in which he uses his voice are usually fixed beforehand(预先).What he has to do is to make all these carefully learnt words and actions seem natural on the stage. A good teacher works in quite a different way. His audience take an active part in his play: they ask and answer questions, they obey orders, and if they don’t understand anything, they say so. The teacher can’t learn his part by heart, but must invent it as he goes along.

I have known many teachers who are fine actors in class but are unable to take part in a stage-play because they can’t keep strictly to what another has written.

(　 )51. What does the underlined word “gifts” mean?

　　 A. presents　　 B. knowledge　　 C. skills　　　　　 D. advantages

(　 )52. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

　　 A. A good teacher should speak clearly.

　　 B. A good teacher should sit still before his class and speak with his body language.

　　 C. A good actor should speak as others have asked him to do.

　　 D. A good actor should repeat exactly the same words each time he plays a certain part.

(　 )53. The skills of a good teacher are　　　 ____ .

　 A. draw his students’ attention　　　　　　 B. change his voice when needed

　 C. act out what he is teaching　　　　　　 D. all the above

(　 )54. From the passage, we know_______________.

　　 A. a good teacher should be a good actor　　

　 B. a good teacher may be unable to act well on the stage

　 C. a good actor should be a good teacher　　

D. a good actor may act well in class

(　 )55. The title (标题)of the passage is _____________.

　　A. How to be a good teacher　　　　　　 B. How to be a good actor

　　C. A good teacher’s knowledge　　　　　 D. A good actor’s behavior

Sudha Chandran was a dancer from India．She lost her chance to be a 41 when her right leg had to be cut off after a car accident．

Though the 42 brought her bright career to a stop，she didn’t 43 ．In the terrible months

that followed，she met a doctor 44 had developed an artificial limb(假肢)．

　 After she was fitted with an artificial leg，she decided to go back to 45 ．

　 Sudha believed that she could 46 　her dream come true．Then she did 47 for her

dream．

　 After every public show，she would ask her dad about her act．“You 48 have a long way to go．”was the answer she used to get 49 her father．　

　 In January 2004．Sudha made an important return by 50 a public show in Bombay．She

gave a show in such an amazing manner 51 it moved everyone to tears．In the end，she 52 　

the final prize of the show．

That evening，when she asked her dad the 53 question，he didn’t say 54 ．He just

touched her feet as praise to a great artist.

When someone asked Sudha 55 she could dance again with her artificial limb，she said quite simply．“I don’t need feet to dance．”

(　 )41．A．runner　 B．player　　　 C．star　　　 D．moon

(　 )42．A．chance　 B．accident　　 C．dancer　　 D．leg

(　 )43．A．give up　 B．give away　 C．give in　　 D．give out

(　 )44．A．which　 B．where　　　　 C．what　　 D．who

(　 )45．A．sing　　 B．dance　　　　 C．cut　　　 D. stop

(　 )46．A．take　　 B．bring　　　　 C．make　　 D．keep

(　 )47．A．a lot　　 B．a few　　　　 C．a little　　 D．a bit

(　 )48．A．still　　 B．only　　　　 C．just　　　 　D．ever

(　 )49．A．in　　　 B．to　　　　　 C．from　　　　 D．for

(　 )50．A．going　 B．giving　　　 C．getting　　　 D. watching

(　 )51．A．and　　 B．so　　　 C．but　　　　　　 D．that

(　 )52．A．won　　 B．beat　　　 C．had　　　　　 D．told

(　 )53．A．different　 B．unusual　　 C．usual　　　　 D．strange

(　 )54．A．something B．anything　 C．everything　　 D．nothirig

(　 )55．A．what　　　 B．how　　　　 C．why　　　　 D．when

Thomas Edison was a great American inventor. He was born to a poor family in 1847. His mother taught him at home. He often observed things carefully and he made over 1,300 inventions during his life time. He was often said to be the greatest genius(天才) of his age. There are only a few men in all of history, who have changed the lives of other men as much as the inventor of the first useful electric light. But Edison could never be happy only because someone said he was a genius. “There is no such thing as genius,” Edison said. He also said that what people called genius was mostly hard work. But Edison was a dreamer as well as a worker. From his earliest days as a child he wondered about the secrets of nature. Nature, he often said, is full of secrets. He tried to understand them; then, he tried to learn what could usefully be done with them.

Edison enjoyed thinking. He knew that most people will do almost anything instead of the difficult work of thinking, especially if they do not think very often. But he knew, too, that thinking can give men enjoyment and pleasure.

Edison could not understand how anyone could be uninterested in life. As he loved to think, he also loved to work. On the day he became 75 years old, someone asked him what ideas he had about life. “Work, ” he answered back, “discovering the secrets of nature and using them to make men happier.” He said he had enough inventions in his mind to give him another 100 years of work.

53. Edison was______________.

A. interested in changing people’s ideas

B. interested in discovering the secrets of nature

C. very much uninterested in nature

D. uninterested in making people happier by discovering the secrets of nature

54. Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the passage?

A. Many other people have changed Edison’s life.

B. Edison has changed the lives of many other people .

C. Only a few men in history can change other people’s lives.

D. Edison invented the electric light.

55. The last sentence in the passage most probably implies(意指)___________.

A. people of his time were ready to give Edison another 100 year’s work

B. Life is too short for Edison to invent more for human beings

C. Edison made 100 inventions in his life

D. Edison was able to live and work for 100 years