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(一)选择题
1.D 2.C 3.C 4.D 5.C 6.D 7.B、C 8.B 9.C 10.A 11.B 12.C、D 13.C、D 14 .B、C 15.B 16.D 17.D 18.D 19.B 20.C 21.A 22.A、B 23.B 24.D 25.D
(二)非选择题
1.答案为
2.(1)(A)4 (B)7 (C)5 (2)(D)4 (E)4 (F)2
3.(1)N2H4,
(2)H2N-NH2+H2OH2N-NH2?H2O
H2N-NH2?H2O+H2OH2O?H2N-NH2?H2O
4.(1)NxHy+O2N2+H2O (2)N2H4
5.(1)略 (2)14.7 (3)NOx(或NO、NO2)、CO.
6.(1)23.3% (2)1.26×1018kJ (3)A=[×6×44g/mol]÷1000或A= Q为每生成1 mol葡萄糖所需要吸收的能量(或:每消耗6 mol CO2所需吸收的能量)
7.(1)b、c、b、c、b (2)NaOH―CH3CH2OH溶液、加热
(3)
8.(1)甲酸甲酯,HCHO,
(2)CH3COONa+NaOHNa2CO3+CH3↑
(3)(或 ,
9.(1)3∶2∶3 (2)
10.(1)CH2O (2)30,60;CH2O,C2H4O2
14.(1)乙二醇,乙二酸
(2)①,②,④ (3)②,④
(4)
17.(1) 40%
(2)CH3CH2CH2CHO,(CH3)2CHCHO,
(3)CH2=CHCH(CH3)2
18.(1)2ClCH2COO?-2eClCH2CH2Cl+2CO2
2H2O+2eH2+2OH-
(2)
(3)
? ?n
19.(1)CaC2+2H2OCa(OH)2+C2H2↑
(2)CH≡CH+H2CH2=CH2
(3)CH2=CH2+HClCH3CH2Cl
20.(1)n(C)=0.160(mol) n(H)=0.120(mol) n(O)=0.08(mol)
(2)最简式为C4H3O2.
(3)
21.(1)4 (2)C4H6O4 (3)5,
(4)CH3OH, C2H5OH,H2O
22.A:CH―CH3―CH3,B:CH2―CH3―CH2OH,C:CH3CH2―O―CH3;A∶B∶C=1∶3∶6
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OH
O
‖
23.(1)CH4,CH3―C―CH3
(2)CH2=C―COOH+CH3OHCH2=C―COOCH3+2H2O
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CH3 CH3
(3)加成,取代
COOCH3
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(4)nCH2=C-COOCH3?CH2―C?n
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CH3 CH3
24.(1)CxHy+()O2mCO2+H2O+(x-m)CO (2)C4H8
(3)
分子式
n(CO)∶n(CO2)
C3H8
1∶2
C4H6
1∶3
O
‖
25.(1)(略) (2)缩聚nCH3 ―CH―COOHH?O―CH―C?n―OH+(n-1)H2O
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OH OH
O
‖
(3)H?O―CH―C?nOH+(n-1)H2OnCH3―CH―COOH
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OH OH
26.(1)6CO2+12H2OC6H12O6+6H2O+6O2
(2)C+O2=CO2
CnH2n+2+O2nCO2+(n+1)H2O
CH4+2O2=CO2+2H2O
CH4产生的CO2最小,对环境负面影响最小
27.(1)C9H10O2 (2)4
28.(1)O=C=C=C=O
O O
‖ ‖
(2)C3O2+2HClCl―C―CH2―C―Cl]
O O
‖ ‖
C3O2+2C2H5OHC2H5―C―CH2―C―OCH2
29.(1)C15H13O2F(或C15H13FO2)
30.(1)A,B;C,F;D,E (2)都有18O标记。因为反应中间体在消去一分子H2O 时,有两种可能,而乙氧基(OC2H5)是保留的。
(3)(或答中间体) ,因为这个碳原子连有4个原子团。
31.(1)C6H5―CH―NH―CO―C6H5+H2OC6H5―CH―NH2+C6H5COOH
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HO―CH―COOH HO―CH―COOH
(2)α (3)C31H38O11
32.(1)0.125;0.30;0.100;5:12:4
(2)可以;因为该最简式中H原子个数已经饱和,所以最简式即分子式C5H12O4
(3)C(CH2OH)4
33.(1)十肽 (2)4个谷氨酸 (3)3个苯丙氨酸