摘要: 75. 76. 77. 78. 六.短文改错 America is a huge country, but traveling is very quick

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PART  FOUR: WRITING

Section A

Directions: Read the following passage and complete the abstract by using the information for the passage. Write NO MORE THAN 3 WORDS for each answer.

Unlike in our country, violence against women is very fierce in some western and African countries. The basic cause of it lies in discrimination, which refutes women equality with men in all spheres of life. Violence is both underlies in discrimination and serves to strengthen discrimination.

Violence against women is a display of historically unequal status of women compared to men, which have resulted into domination and discrimination against women by men and to the prevention of the full development of women. Violence against women is one of the important social mechanisms by which women are constrained into a subordinate position in comparison with men.

As violence against women is spread worldwide, many women are targets because of their ethnicity, class, sexual orientation or disability status.

Many women think that the psychological consequences of abuse are even more dangerous than its physical effects. The experience of abuse often shakes women's self-esteem (自尊) and puts them at great risk of a number of mental health problems, such as:

Depression is becoming broadly recognized as a main health problem in the world. Women who are abused by their partners suffer more depression, anxiety, and phobias than women who have not been abused, according to studies in Australia, Nicaragua, Pakistan, and the US.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a strong anxiety disorder that can happen when people go through or witness a traumatic event in which they feel disappointed and helpless or fear death or injury. The symptoms of PTSD contain mentally reliving the traumatic event by means of flashbacks; avoiding anything that would remind one of the events; experiencing discomfort in sleeping and concentrating; and being easily alarmed or frightened.

The severe violence is also likely to lead to suicide. Some women kill themselves or try to do so. Researches from some countries, including Sweden, and the US, have displayed that domestic violence is closely connected with suicide. Battered women who have PTSD symptoms prove to be most likely to try suicide.

Abused women are more likely than other women to misuse alcohol and drugs.

When a person's everyday life functioning or life alternatives continue to be influenced, a post-traumatic stress disorder may be the problem, requiring professional treatment.

71.__________

Ⅰ.72. __________

●Historically unequal status

73. __________ from men

Subordinate position

Ⅱ.74. __________

●Women’s self-esteem shake and 75. __________

76. __________

Post-traumatic stress disorder: 77. __________, helplessness, fear of 78. __________

79. __________

Alcohol and drug use

Ⅲ.80. __________

Professional treatment

 

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PART FOUR  WRITING

SECTION A

Directions: Read the following passage. Complete the diagram by using the information from the passage.

Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.

As a parent you may realize the importance education has in our lives, however, your child hates listening to any of your arguments, thoughts and ideas. A student uninterested in education will miss college lectures and perform extremely poorly in assessment tests. In the worst cases, students may stop attending the school or college and sit at home without any concern for career, education and life. In order to encourage the students back to their college life and career, parents should first find out what causes the lack of motivation in students.

Low self-respect in students forces them to give up challenges. Even if these students try and complete some tasks, they’re clouded by many negative thinking patterns that block the flow of confidence in their personalities.

Lack of love at home can also result in the lack of motivation in students. If the parents are away from the kids or students and they’re unaware of what their kid is doing in school, then the child feels neglected and steps back from taking responsibilities and challenges.

Constant poor performance lowers the self-confidence of the student and the student will feel lost in the crowd of brilliant students. Such academic pressures can make students lose their motivation.

Nothing can be a better motivation for students than their teachers and parents. Schools should organize motivation activities for students, like games, sports and competitions, which are important for the whole personality development of the students. Involve them in some activities like dancing, music etc. that they are interested in, so that they can learn new hobbies and increase their confidence. You should stop ignoring your child’s studies and do understand his need to be heard. In short, lack of motivation in students can be completely reduced if the parents and teachers understand the kid and support him / her to break any of his / her negative patterns of thought.

Title     (71) ___________in Students

 

Effects

● Making students miss college lectures and get (72) __________ in tests

● Making students drop out of school and sit at home without caring about career, education and life

 

(73)_______

 

Low self-respect

Quitting challenges

Losing (74) _________ due to negative thinking patterns

Lack of love at home

Feeling neglected and refusing to take

(75) _________           

(76) _____________

Being less self-confident due to constant poor performance

 

(77)_______

● Organizing motivation activities for students to (78) _______ the personality .

● Making students learn new hobbies and increase their confidence in activities

● Being (79) _____ about your child’s studies and understanding his need to be heard

Conclusion

Motivate students by understanding them and supporting them to break their negative (80) ___________

 

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