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陶元淳,字子师,江苏常熟人。康熙中举博学鸿词,以疾不与试。二十七年,成进士,廷对,论西北赋轻而役重,东南役均而赋重,愿减浮额之粮,罢无益之费。阅者以其言戆,置二甲。
三十三年,授广东昌化知县,到官,首定赋役,均粮于米,均役于粮。裁革杂徵,自坊里供帐始,相率以力耕为业。县隶琼州,与黎为界,旧设土舍,制其出入,吏得因缘为奸,元淳立撤去。一权量,定法度,黎人便之。城中居人,旧不满百家,至此户口渐蕃。元淳时步行闾里间,周咨疾苦,煦妪如家人。
琼郡处海外,军将多骄横,崖州尤甚。元淳尝署州事,守备黄镇中以非刑杀人,游击余虎纵不问;且贪,索黎人献纳。元淳廉得其状,列款以上,虎私以金贿之不得,造蜚语揭之。总督石琳下琼州总兵会讯,元淳申牍曰:“私揭不应发审,镇臣不应侵官,必挫执法之气,灰任事之心。元淳当弃官以全政体,不能蒲伏武臣,贻州县羞也。”初鞫是狱,镇中令甲士百人佩刀入署,元淳据案怒叱曰:“吾奉命治事,守备敢令甲士劫持,是藐国法也。”镇中气慑,疾挥去,卒定谳,论罪如律。崖人为语曰:“虽有余虎,不敌陶公一怒。”而总督卒因元淳倔彊,坐不检验失实,会赦免。复欲于计典黜之,巡抚萧永藻初授事,曰:“吾初下车,便劾廉吏,何以率属?”为之言于总督,乃已。
元淳自奉俭约,在官惟日供韭一束。喜接诸生,讲论至夜分不倦。屡乞病未果,竟以劳卒于官。昌化额田四百馀顷,半沦于海,赋不及二千,浮粮居三之一,民重困。元淳为浮粮考,屡请于上官,乞豁除,无应者。乾隆三年,元淳子正靖官御史,疏以入告,竟获俞旨免焉。
(节选自《清史稿·列传第二百六十三》)
【小题1】对下列句子中加线的词的解释,不正确的一项是( )(3分)
A.阅者以其言戆戆:愚直 |
B.至此户口渐蕃蕃:多 |
C.卒定谳,论罪如律论:议论 |
D.复欲于计典黜之黜:罢免。 |
A.罢无益之费架梁之椽,多于机上之工女 |
B.守备黄镇中以非刑杀人臣以神遇而不以目视 |
C.为之言于总督,乃已吾为公取彼一将 |
D.屡请于上官,乞豁除而刀刃若新发于硎 |
①愿减浮额之粮,罢无益之费 ②时步行间里问,周咨疾苦
③当弃官以全政体,不能蒲伏武臣 ④虽有余虎,不敌陶公一怒
⑤为浮粮考,屡请于上官,乞豁除 ⑥疏以入告,竟获俞旨免焉
A.③④⑥ | B.①②⑤ | C.①②⑥ | D.③④⑤ |
A.初任昌化县知县时,陶元淳厘定赋役,裁减额外的赋税,减轻了百姓负担,使百姓“相率以力耕为业”,发展了当地农业生产,城中人口得以增多。 |
B.在任崖州知州时,守备黄镇中违法杀人,陶元淳依法审案被诬陷,总督下令琼州总兵“会讯”。陶元淳得知后上书申辩,总督终因陶元淳的倔强而赦免了他。 |
C.在陶元淳初审黄镇中违法杀人的案子时,黄镇中命令披甲操刀的士兵冲人衙¨以武力相威逼,陶元淳全无惧色,拍案怒斥,黄镇中“气慑”而退。 |
D.陶元淳力行节约,生活俭朴,为官时平日所吃,只是“韭一束”;他喜欢与读书人交往,常常与他们讨论问题到三更半夜也不知疲倦。 |
(1)元淳廉得其状,列款以上,虎私以金贿之不得,造蜚语揭之。(5分)
(2)吾初下车,便劾廉吏,何以率属?(5分) 查看习题详情和答案>>
陈禾,字秀实,明州鄞县人。元符三年进士。累迁辟雍①博士、监察御史、殿中侍御史。
天下久平,武备宽弛,东南尤甚。禾请增戍、缮城壁,以戒不虞。或指为生事,格不下。其后盗起,人服其先见。
迁左正言,俄除给事中。时童贯权益张,与黄经臣胥用事,御史中丞卢航表里为奸,搢绅侧目。禾曰:“此国家安危之本也。吾位言责,此而不言,一迁给舍,则非其职矣。”未拜命,首抗疏劾贯。复劾经臣:“怙宠弄权,夸炫朝列。每云诏令皆出其手,言上将用某人,举某事,已而诏下,悉如其言。夫发号施令,国之重事,黜幽陟明,天子大权,奈何使宦寺②得与?臣之所忧,不独经臣,此途一开,类进者众,国家之祸,有不可遏,愿亟窜之远方。”
论奏未终,上拂衣起。禾引上衣,请毕其说。衣裾落,上曰:“正言碎朕衣矣。”禾言:“陛下不惜碎衣,臣岂惜碎首以报陛下?此曹今日受富贵之利,陛下他日受危亡之祸。”言愈切,上变色曰:“卿能如此,朕复何忧?”内侍请上易衣,上却之曰:“留以旌直臣。”翌日,贯等相率前诉,谓国家极治,安得此不详语。卢航奏禾狂妄,谪信州监酒。遇赦,得自便还里。
初,陈瓘归自岭外,居于鄞,与禾相好,遣其子正汇从学。后正汇告蔡京罪,执诣阙,瓘亦就逮。经臣莅其狱,檄禾取证,禾答以事有之,罪不敢逃。或谓其失对,禾曰:“祸福死生,命也,岂可以死易不义耶?愿得分贤者罪。”遂坐瓘党停官。
遇赦,复起知广德军,移知和州。寻遭内艰,服除,知秀州。王黼新得政,禾曰:“安能出黼门下?”力辞,改汝州。辞益坚,曰:“宁饿死。”黼闻而衔之。禾兄秉时为寿春府教授,禾侍兄官居。适童贯领兵道府下,谒不得入,馈之不受。贯怒,归而谮之。上曰:“此人素如此,汝不能容邪?”久之,知舒州,命下而卒,赠中大夫,谥文介。
(节选自《宋史·陈禾传》)
【注】①辟雍:太学名。 ②宦寺:宦官。
【小题1】对下列句子中划线词语的解释,不正确的一项是
A.禾请增戍、缮城壁,以戒不虞 虞:预料 |
B.此曹今日受富贵之利曹:一类人 |
C.安得此不详语 详:详细 |
D.黼闻而衔之衔:怀恨 |
①其后盗起,人服其先见 ②未拜命,首抗疏劾贯
③论奏未终,上拂衣起 ④檄禾取证,禾答以事有之,罪不敢逃
⑤辞益坚,曰:“宁饿死。” ⑥寻遭内艰,服除,知秀州
A.①②④ | B.②④⑤ |
C.①③⑥ | D.③⑤⑥ |
A.陈禾从长久太平的局面中看出潜藏的危机,针对当时军备松弛,东南一带尤其严重的情况,他上奏请求采取措施,起初不为人理解,后来事实证明他有先见之明。 |
B.其他官员对童贯等人的行为不敢指责,陈禾却大胆弹劾。他认为自己所处职位有进言的责任,这时候不进言劝谏,一旦调任给事中,进谏就不是自己的本职了。 |
C.陈禾冒死进谏,拉破了皇帝的衣服,迫使皇帝表面上赞同其意见。然而陈禾激怒了皇帝,以致第二天当童贯、卢航等人诋毁他时,皇帝就趁势将他贬谪到外地 |
D.陈禾遇赦,被起用掌管广德军,调任和州知州。不久遇上母亲去世,服丧结束,担任秀州知州。 |
(1)夫发号施令,国之重事,黜幽陟明,天子大权,奈何使宦寺得与?(5分)
(2)适童贯领兵道府下,谒不得入,馈之不受。贯怒,归而谮之。(5分) 查看习题详情和答案>>
B:1.____________
A:Hainan Island? It’s very 2.___________there.
B:But I don’t mind the hot weather because
I like swimming and surfing.
A:Sounds great. 3.____________
B:For about two weeks-from June 28th to
July 11th. How about you?
Where are you going?
A:I’d like to go to Shanghai.
B:4.___________
A:Because, you know, the World Expo(世博会)
is going on in Shanghai.
B:5.___________ It’s a good chance to learn
about foreign countries.
A:And it’s also a good chance to know about
our future life.
B:That’s true.
Schools in Sichuan have psychological counseling lessons
在四川震后灾区的重点工作中,青少年的心理健康得到了人们的普遍关注。在39个地震重灾县(市、区)新开设的“宪后心理健康教育”课首次把心理教育课程摆到和文化课程同样重要的位置上.
There used to be(A)______ psychology classes in school courses in Sichuan Province.When the students had their problems,they usually turned to their friends or parents for help.But things are(B) ______ now.To free students from possible stress after the earthquake,Sichuan decided to add psychological counseling(心理辅导)to the school courses.
(C) More than 300 teachers took part in a special training programme before they (D) began their jobs as psychological teachers in primary and middle schools in 39 quake-hit counties (县) and cities.According to the plan,primary schools must have nine lessons in one term and middle schools must have ten.
(E) 在每堂课期间,there would be different kinds of activities such as group discussion,roleplay,film watching and games.All of (F) them were designed to help students deal with their problems after the earthquake.Students would learn some basic knowledge of psychological self-adjustment(自我调整) from the new subject.
The psychological teachers would also study and record the students' psychological condition during each class.If they find some students have serious psychological problems,(G) the students would be sent to some medical institutions for better treatment.Hope the new course can really help all the students get over the hard time in their life.
1.在划线处A和B的空白处填入适当的单词:________;________
2.写出划线处C和D的同义词或近义词:________;________
3.将划线处E译成英语:________
4.划线处F在文中指的是:________
5.将划线部分G改写为:________would________ the students to some medical institutions for better treatment.
查看习题详情和答案>>假如你是刘强,你在学校学生会里看到一项关于学生遇到的种种“烦恼”的调查。请你阅读以下20位学生填写的调查表,然后从中选择你认为最大的烦恼,并根据自己的实际经验或体会,给出建议。
要求:
1.根据提示内容,选出一种烦恼,并给出建议。
2.逻辑清楚,语句通顺,行文流畅,自由发挥,观点不限, 无需标题。
3.文中不能以任何形式出现真实人名、校名和县(市)区名及其它相关信息。
4. 词数:100左右
Problem Survey | |
Problems | Numbers of students |
Do badly in lessons. | 6 |
Don’t get on well with classmates. | 5 |
Feel lonely at school. | 4 |
Don’t have much free time. | 3 |
Become fat. | 2 |
查看习题详情和答案>>