摘要：have to的含义与must是很接近的,只是have to 比较强调客观需要.must着重说明主观看法.I must clean the room.I have to clean the room.另外.have to 能用于更多时态:We had to be there at ten .我们得在十点钟到那里.We will have to reconsider the whole thing.这一切我们将不得不重新加以考虑.have to 的否定式:don’t have to do 表示“不必做-- 之意.

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Steve Jobs made technology fun.The co-founder of Apple died last Wednesday at the age of fifty-six He had fought for years against cancer.Mourners gathered outside his house in Palo Alto, California, and Apple stores around the world.
Tim Bajarin, president of a high-tech research and consulting company, said "If you actually look at a tech leader, they're really happy if they have one hit in their life.Steve Jobs has the Apple II, the Mac, the iPod, the iPhone, the iPad and Pixar."
Steve Jobs was a college dropout.He was adopted by a machinist and his wife, an accountant.They supported his early interest in electronics.
He and his friend Steve Wozniak started Apple Computer—now just called Apple—in nineteen seventy-six.They stayed at the company until nineteen eighty-five.That year, Steve Wozniak returned to college and Steve Jobs left in a dispute（分歧）with the chief executive.
Mr.Jobs then formed his own company, called NeXT Computer.He rejoined Apple in nineteen ninety-seven after it bought NeXT.He helped remake Apple from a business that was in bad shape then to one of the most valuable companies in the world today.
Steve Wozniak, speaking on CNN, remembered his longtime friend as a "great visionary and leader'' and a "marketing genius（天才）".
President Obama said in a statement: "By building one of the planet's most successful companies from his garage, he exemplified the spirit of American ingenuity.By making computers personal and putting the Internet in our pockets, he made the information revolution not only accessible, but intuitive and fun."
David Carroll is a professor at Parsons School of Design in New York City.He says Steve Jobs not only revolutionized technology, he also revolutionized American business.
"The fact that he was able to redesign American commerce top to bottom and across is really stunning （令人惊奇的）.He probably will be considered an industrial giant on the scale of Thomas Edison and Henry Ford, so one of the great[s] of all time." David Carroll said.
Steve Jobs stepped down as Apple's chief executive in August because of his health.He died a day after the company released a new iPhone version that met with limited excitement.Apple's new chief, Tim Cook, will also have to deal with the new Kindle Fire tablet computer from Amazon.com.It costs less than half as much as an iPad but also does less.

  1. 1.

    Why did people all over the world mourn Steve Jobs?

    1. A.
      He was very courageous in the face of cancer.
    2. B.
      He became very rich though dropping out college.
    3. C.
      He released a new iPhone version before death.
    4. D.
      He revolutionized technology and made it enjoyable.
  2. 2.

    Which of the following can easily prove that Jobs is a "marketing genius"?

    1. A.
      After Apple, he founded NeXT Computer.
    2. B.
      He made Apple very valuable once again in the world.
    3. C.
      He developed a series of Apple products.
    4. D.
      He was considered the greatest industrial figure of all time.
  3. 3.

    What does the underlined part in Paragraph 7 mean?

    1. A.
      Jobs was a typical example of American spirit of creation.
    2. B.
      Jobs enriched the American spirit of science and freedom.
    3. C.
      Jobs eventually realized his American dream.
    4. D.
      American people are good at inventing things.
  4. 4.

    Which of the following is true according to the text?

    1. A.
      Jobs's parents discouraged him from working on electronics
    2. B.
      Jobs stayed in Apple as chief executive for about 24 years.
    3. C.
      Jobs started his career in his family garage.
    4. D.
      Run unsuccessfully, Apple was sold to NeXT Computer.
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Some futurologists have assumed that the vast upsurge(剧增)of women in the workforce may portend a rejection of marriage. Many women, according to this hypothesis, would rather work than marry. The converse(反面)of this concern is that the prospects of becoming a multi-paycheck household could encourage marriage. In the past, only the earnings and financial prospects of the man counted in the marriage decision. Now, however, the earning ability of a woman can make her more attractive as a marriage partner. Data show that economic downturns tend to putting off marriage because the parties cannot afford to establish a family or are concerned about rainy days ahead. As the economy comes to life, the number of marriages also rises.
The increase in divorce rates follows to the increase in women working outside the home. Yet, it may be wrong to jump to any simple cause-and-effect conclusions. The impact of a wife’s work on divorce is no less cloudy than its impact on marriage decisions. The realization that she can be a good provider may increase the chances that a working wife will choose divorce over an unsatisfactory marriage. But the reverse is equally plausible(似是而非的). Tensions grounded in financial problems often play a key role in ending a marriage. By raising a family’s standard of living, a working wife may strengthen her family’s financial and emotional stability.
Psychological factors also should be considered. For example, a wife blocked from a career outside the home may feel caged in the house. She may view her only choice as seeking a divorce. On the other hand, if she can find fulfillment through work outside the home, work and marriage can go together to create a stronger and more stable union.
Also, a major part of women’s inequality in marriage has been due to the fact that, in most cases, men have remained the main breadwinners. A working wife may rob a husband of being the master of the house. Depending upon how the couple reacts to these new conditions, it could create a stronger equal partnership or it could create new insecurities.

  1. 1.

    The word “portend” (Line 2, Para.1) is closest in meaning to“_____”.

    1. A.
      defy
    2. B.
      signal
    3. C.
      suffer from
    4. D.
      result from
  2. 2.

    It is said in the passage that when the economy slides_____.

    1. A.
      men would choose working women as their marriage partners
    2. B.
      more women would get married to seek financial security
    3. C.
      even working women would worry about their marriages
    4. D.
      more people would prefer to remain single for the time being
  3. 3.

    If women find fulfillment through work outside the home,_____.

    1. A.
      they are more likely to dominate their marriage partners
    2. B.
      their husbands are expected to do more housework
    3. C.
      their marriage ties can be strengthened
    4. D.
      they tend to put their career before marriage
  4. 4.

    One reason why women with no career may seek a divorce is that_____.

    1. A.
      they feel that they have been robbed of their freedom
    2. B.
      they are afraid of being bossed around by their husbands
    3. C.
      they feel that their partners fail to live up to their expectations
    4. D.
      they tend to suspect their husbands? loyalty to their marriage
  5. 5.

    Which of the following statements can best summarize the authors view in the passage?

    1. A.
      The stability of marriage and the divorce rate may reflect the economic situation of the country.
    2. B.
      Even when economically independent, most women have to struggle for real equality in marriage.
    3. C.
      In order to secure their marriage women should work outside the home and remain independent
    4. D.
      The impact of the growing female workforce on marriage varies from case to case.
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What is freedom? It seems like such a simple question. Freedom is being able to do what you want to do. Allow me to explain it.
I’m tired of working for a living. I’d rather collect taxes. So that’s what I’m going to do: collect a kind of tax. You are ordered to estimate your income from the past 12 months, and write me a check for 1%. I have provided a mailing address for this purpose on my contact page …
What? You have a problem with my plan? Oh, I see. If you have to send me a check for the tax, then I have hurt your freedom to spend that money as you see fit. We have a conflict! And our basic problem is: we cannot enjoy freedom at the same time; we must settle for a limit. But what limit?
Libertarians (自由论者) believe freedom should be based on self-control. They describe freedom as being able to do what you want to do as long as it doesn’t influence the equal right of others to do what they want to do. That is, freedom is being able to do what you like as long as you do not harm another person’s life, liberty or property.
You can build a set of legal and ethical (道德的) rules on the principle of self-control, and libertarians do. Their request for self-control often becomes more important than common sense, or even freedom itself.
The definition rules out the freedom to steal, murder, and so on. Otherwise, you can do whatever you want. There is no problem until you realize that taxation is theft, that war is murder, and that national service is a form of slavery. Since only the government has a legal right to use force, libertarians focus on making the government smaller, or even going without it. The libertarians’ definition of freedom is thus freedom from the government. Isn’t it ridiculous?

  1. 1.

    According to the first three paragraphs, the author’s idea of collecting taxes is _________.

    1. A.
      reasonable
    2. B.
      responsible
    3. C.
      unacceptable
    4. D.
      understandable
  2. 2.

    The author takes tax-collecting as an example in the passage to prove that freedom is _________.

    1. A.
      unreal
    2. B.
      unbelievable
    3. C.
      achievable
    4. D.
      limited
  3. 3.

    In the opinion of libertarians, freedom is realized mainly by _________.

    1. A.
      the law
    2. B.
      self-control
    3. C.
      ethical rules
    4. D.
      common sense
  4. 4.

    Which of the following statements is supported by libertarians according to the passage?

    1. A.
      National service should be canceled.
    2. B.
      People can do whatever they want.
    3. C.
      The government should have more power.
    4. D.
      They should be governed by the government.
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Microsoft founder Bill Gates said that he planned to give away almost all of his vast① fortune, largely to the cause of global health, during the course of his lifetime. With an estimated②worth of more than $ 40 billion, according to Forbes, the project will be no small feat③for Gates. Having already provided the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation with $ 24 billion to address global health issues, Gates said that eventually his entire fortune will be put towards the cause except “a few percent left for the kids.”
So what has made the richest man in the world to channel his resources so heavily into one interest? Gates believes that “the equality of opportunity” in which Americans take such pride needs to extend to other nations around the world. Improving the health of the populations, he says, has proven to be an essential method in helping poor countries to be financially④ successful. “National borders allow inequalities,” said Gates, “We all need to take a more global view, rather than just saying my country is doing well. We have to step up these health issues, knowing how few resources are going into them.”
Gates said that both his parents set good examples to him as a child. His father, William H. Gates, was the head of the local Planned Parenthood, and his mother, Mary, volunteered for the United Way. As he gathered his fortune, Gates knew he would eventually want to give back as well, but he didn’t expect to devote himself whole-heartedly to one project until he was about 60.
However, Gates, 47, began to question his ability to wait that long. “It seemed there was a real time urgency,” Gates said, “I started to think, how many lives could I save before then?”
Notes:
①    vast  adj. 巨额的
②    estimate  v. 估计，估价
③    feat  n. 功绩，壮举
④    financially  adv. 财政上，金融上
Choose the best answers according to the above:

  1. 1.

    Why will Bill Gates give away his vast fortune?

    1. A.
      to improve the health of population in America alone
    2. B.
      to improve the health of population all over the world
    3. C.
      to avoid leaving his children too much money
    4. D.
      to spare the American government the burden of health care
  2. 2.

    According to the passage, which of the following is right?

    1. A.
      Americans should care about people in other countries
    2. B.
      Americans should treat fellow citizens well
    3. C.
      Americans should devote themselves to certain projects
    4. D.
      Americans can be world-famous by giving away vast fortune
  3. 3.

    Bill Gates gave away his vast fortune earlier than he had expected because of       __.

    1. A.
      his weakening health condition
    2. B.
      his parents’ suggestions
    3. C.
      his great success in business
    4. D.
      his concerns for suffering people
  4. 4.

    According to the passage, which word can be used to describe Bill Gates?

    1. A.
      brave
    2. B.
      kind-hearted
    3. C.
      strong-minded
    4. D.
      confident
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We all love our children and we all know how competitive the world is these days. What’s it going to be like when our children leave school? Will they have the skills they need to stay ahead of the competition?
All children need two basic skills to succeed. They must be able to read and they must be able to write. And with so much information available to them these days, they must be able to read quickly and accurately. That’s why your children need to be able to speed-read.
It’s ironic (讽刺的) that at this time of space-age technology, we’ve gone back to one of the earliest forms of mass communication—the written word. The Internet has introduced a revival (重新流行) of writing, and if you can’t keep up, you’ll be left behind. You certainly don’t want your children to be left behind.
You can help to make sure that your children are excellent writers—you can help them to learn how to use their language. Better still, you can learn with them!
You and your children can spend time together in a worthwhile pursuit (事业)—learning how to write. Forget the theme parks, the computer games, the expensive movies and interesting sports. If you want your children to have treasured memories of time spent with you, learn together.
For less than you would pay for tickets to a theme park, you can invest in your children’s future—help them learn to write well with my six-part writing course.
Don’t stand by while your child is left further and further behind.   

  1. 1.

    From the last two paragraphs, we can know the main purpose of the passage is_______

    1. A.
      To encourage students to be better prepared for the future.
    2. B.
      To list the qualities children must have for their future success.
    3. C.
      To persuade parents to choose a writing course for their kids.
    4. D.
      To explain the difficult situation children have to face at present.
  2. 2.

    In the author’s opinion, ______.

    1. A.
      speed-reading is the first step in a child’s formal education
    2. B.
      children today waste too much time on games, movies and sports
    3. C.
      children’s success depends much on good skills in reading and writing
    4. D.
      writing helps people communicate more effectively in modern society
  3. 3.

    What does the author think of writing as a form of communication now?

    1. A.
      Important.
    2. B.
      Funny.
    3. C.
      Informal.
    4. D.
      Old-fashioned.
  4. 4.

    What’s the advantage of children’s learning together with their parents?

    1. A.
      They will learn more quickly and accurately.
    2. B.
      They will not be affected by games and sports.
    3. C.
      It will encourage them to work for a higher pursuit.
    4. D.
      They will have good memories of time spent with parents.
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