Directions: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or complete the statements in the fewest possible words.

   Sociologists have long recognised that organisations of less than 200 individuals can operate through the free flow of information among the members. Once their size goes beyond this figure, the organizations are getting less flexible. So it seems necessary to prevent total disorder resulting from failures of communication.

   One solution to this problem would, of course, be to structure large organisations into smaller units of a size that can act as a group. By allowing these groups to build reliance on each other, larger organizations can be built up. However, merely having groups of, say, 150 will never of itself be a complete solution to the problems of the organization. Something else is needed: the people involved must be able to build direct personal relationships. To allow free flow of information, they have to be able to communicate with each other in a casual way. Maintaining too formal a structure of relationships inevitably prevents the way a system works.

   The importance of this was drawn to my attention two years ago by the case of a TV station. Whether by chance or by design, it so happened that there were almost exactly 150 people in the station. The whole process worked very smoothly as an organization for many years until they were moved into purpose-built accommodation. Then, for no apparent reason, the work seemed to be more difficult to do, not to say less satisfying.

   It was some time before they work out what the problem was. It turn out that, when the architects were designing the new building, they decided that the coffee room where everyone ate their sandwiches at lunch times was an unnecessary luxury and so did away with it. And with that, they accidentally destroyed the close social networks that strengthened the whole organization. What had apparently been happening was that, as people gathered informally over their sandwiches in the coffee room, useful information was casually being exchanged.

(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN EIGHT WORDS.)

1.What size of an organization may lead to communication failures?

2.What are the two solutions to the communication problem within a large organization?

3.After the TV station moved into new accommodation, its operation ___________________________.

4.From the case of the TV station, we can conclude it is ____________________________________ that make(s) an organization more successful.

阅读理解

　　Halloween is a festival (节日) celebrated on October 31st. The name of the holiday means“hallowed”or“holy evening”because it happens the day before All Saints Day (万圣节) . It is said that Halloween is the children's New Year's Eve. They dress up with special costumes(服装), they eat too much, and stay up too late celebrating.

　　Children go around the neighborhood wearing make-up, and dress in masks(面具) and colorful costumes. The most common costumes are witches, ghosts, skeletons (骷髅) , and popular TV, movie, and storybook characters. Some costumes are homemade; others are bought in stores. The children go from door to door saying“trick or treat”. People give them candy, cookies, fruit or money. Sometimes money is collected to help UNICEF, United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund.

　　Homes, stores, and classrooms are decorated (装饰) in the traditional Halloween colours, orange and black. Usual decorations are witches, ghosts, skeletons, and jack-o-lanterns. Jack-o-lanterns are pumpkins (南瓜) that are carved (雕刻) to look like faces. They are placed on doorway entrances and in windows. Horror movies and ghost stories are shown on TV on this day.

　　Adults and older children also celebrate Halloween with parades (游行), festivals, and costume parties. Some people create their costumes; other people rent them. Contests are held, where the best costume receives a prize. One of the party events popular with children is dunking (浸泡) for apples. Apples are put in tubs filled with water. People try to get the apples using only their mouths; hands cannot be used.

1．What does the word“holy”(in Paragraph 1) mean?

[　　]

A．With a hole in.

B．Not solid; with a hole or empty space inside.

C．Dark and green.

D．Associated with God or with religion.

2．Which of the following statements is NOT true about the common costumes according to the passage?

[　　]

A．They are colorful.

B．Some of the costumes are homemade.

C．All of the costumes are bought in stores.

D．They are witches , ghosts, skeletons, popular TV characters and so on.

3．Which of the following statements is incorrect?

[　　]

A．Apples are the favorite fruit people eat on Halloween.

B．Adults also celebrate Halloween together with children.

C．Jack-o-lanterns are pumpkins that are carved to look like faces.

D．Horror movies are shown on TV on 31th October.

4．Why is it said that Halloween is the children's New Years Eve?

[　　]

A．Because Halloween comes the day before All Saints Day.

B．Because children can get money from their parents on Halloween.

C．Because children dress up with special costumes, eat a lot, and stay up late celebrating.

D．Because only on that day can children go around the neighborhood.

5．What are the traditional Halloween colors?

[　　]

完型填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）
阅读下面短文，从1---20各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该选项标号涂黑。
One day, an expert in time-management was speaking to a group of business students. To make the point 1 , he used an illustration.
As he stood in front of the group, he said, “Okay, time for a quiz.” He then pulled out a wide-mouth jar and set it on the table. Then he    2   placed about a dozen fist-sized rocks, one by one, into the jar.
When the jar was filled to the    3   and no more rocks would fit inside, he asked, “Is this jar    4 ?” Everyone in the class said, “Yes.”
“Really?” Then he    5  under the table and pulled out a bucket of gravel（沙砾，石子），dumped some in and   6  the jar, causing pieces of gravel to work themselves down into the space    7  the big rocks. Then he asked the group the same question. “Probably not.” One of them answered. “Good!” he replied.
He reached under the table and    8   a bucket of sand. He started dumping the sand in the jar and it went into all the    9   left between the rocks and the gravel.    10   he asked the question. “No!” the class shouted. “Good!” Then he grabbed a can of water and began to pour it in    11   the jar was filled to the brim.
Then the expert in time-management looked at the class and asked, “What is the    12  of this illustration?” It is such a seemingly easy question that one   13   student raised his hand and said, “It is, however full your schedule is, if you try really hard you can always   14   some more things in it.”
“No,” the speaker replied, “The truth it teaches us is that you will    15   get them in at all if you don’t put the big rocks in first.    16   the big rocks in your life are, do things that you love and    17  for yourself. In your schedule if you value the little stuff then you’ll fill your life with    18   things and you will never have the real quality time you need to spend on the big, important stuff. So, tonight, or in the morning, when you are   19   on this short story, ask yourself what are the ‘big rocks’ in your life? Then put those in your    20   first.”

阅读下面短文，根据以下提示：1）汉语提示; 2)首字母提示；3）语境提示，在每个空格内填入一个适当的英语单词，并将该词完整地写在右边相对应的横线上。所填单词要求意义准确、拼写正确。

  What are the students’ favourite jobs in the future?

The following is a report on the students’ v    on their1.____________

future job preference．_______ seems to be some differences 2.____________

_________ boys and girls．The most striking contrast lies in teaching: 3.___________

most girls would like to become teachers w  ____few boys want 4.__________

to do this job．_______（有趣的是）, many boys want to do business5.____________

and still some want to become _______（律师） though only a small 6.____________

part of girls s  _  interest in these two fields．The second largest 7.____________

group of all the __________（受调查） students, expect to be scientists. 8.__________

That is, both boys and girls are w    to display their talents in  9.____________

this field．And the third c  for girls is to be     interpreters or translators．10.___________