It is a mystery that has puzzled doctors for decades. But experts believe they have now finally solved the tricky question of why winter is notoriously known as the flu season.
According to a new research, the influenza virus coats itself in a protective fatty shield that is tough enough to resist cold temperatures. The butter-like material only melts when it hits the respiratory tract（呼吸道）, leaving the virus free to infect cells-- a process scientists say is like an M&M melting in the mouth.
However, in warmer outdoor temperatures, the protective coating melts before it reaches a person or an animal, killing the bacteria before they can infect someone. Joshua Zimmerberg, from the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), in the US, which led the study, said: “Like an M&M in your mouth, the protective covering melts when it enters the respiratory tract. It's only in this liquid period that the virus is able to enter a cell to infect it.”
In the past, scientists worked on theories that flu is more common in winter because people spend more time inside or the radiation from the sun in summer kills off germs. But no research successfully explained the spread of the disease.
Researchers have already claimed that the report, which is published in the journal Nature Chemical Biology, could lead to new ways to prevent and treat flu. “Now that we understand how the flu virus protects itself so that it can spread from person to person, we can work on ways to prevent it.”
Influenza and other respiratory viruses are spread in small drops broadcast by coughing, sneezing and talking and which can also settle onto surfaces, to be picked up on fingertips.
1. What can be the best title of the passage?
A. The mystery that has puzzled doctors for decades.    B. New ways to prevent and treat flu.
C. A discovery of how flu strikes in Winter.            D. Ways found to prevent flu.
2. Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A. Doctors have been trying hard to discover why flu strikes in winter.
B. In the past, scientists didn’t know how flu spreads.
C. It is possible that flu virus will no longer threaten humans in winter.
D. People get affected by flu because they spend much more time inside in winter.
3. Where should you insert the following paragraph into the passage?
Duane Alexander, the director of NICHD, said: “The study results open new avenues of research for thwarting (使…受挫)winter flu outbreaks.”
A. Between Paragraphs 1 and 2.     B. Between Paragraphs 3 and 4. 
C. Between Paragraphs 4 and 5.     D. Between the last two paragraphs.
4.In what process or order does flu occur?
a. The virus infects cells                 b. The influenza virus was born
c. The butter-like material melts           d. The virus hits respiratory tract
e. The virus coats itself in butter-like shield  f. The virus is free
A. a, c, d, e, b, f .     B. c, f, d, b, e, a.    C. b, e, d, c, f, a.    D. d, b, e, c, f, a.

文中共有10处语言错误，要求你在错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加：在缺词处加上一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词；
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉；
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词；
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词. 2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从11处起）不计分。
I couldn’t believe my ears when I heard my name calling. I was chosen to play the leading role in the play，that was my dream. As a shy and thin girl，I used to be quite afraid of speaking in the public. But my parents and teachers always encourage me to do so. Now I have changed great. In class，I am often the first one to stand up and answer questions even if I may take some mistakes. No pain，no gain. Now I am always brave enough overcome the difficulty in my heart and have changed in a lively girl. So my experience shows that we should not be afraid of losing face but only in this way can we make progresses.

文中共有10处语言错误，要求你在错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。

增加：在缺词处加上一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词；

删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉；

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词；

注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词. 2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从11处起）不计分。

I couldn’t believe my ears when I heard my name calling. I was chosen to play the leading role in the play，that was my dream. As a shy and thin girl，I used to be quite afraid of speaking in the public. But my parents and teachers always encourage me to do so. Now I have changed great. In class，I am often the first one to stand up and answer questions even if I may take some mistakes. No pain，no gain. Now I am always brave enough overcome the difficulty in my heart and have changed in a lively girl. So my experience shows that we should not be afraid of losing face but only in this way can we make progresses.

第二节语法填空 (共10小题，每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为31～40的相应位置上。
Child labor has been a problem for many years. Over a hundred years ago, Charles Dickens shocked many of his readers when he described the conditions ___31___ which young children worked in British factories. The conditions Dickens described continue, almost unchanged today, in many parts of the world. The only difference is ___32___ today’s employment of children is confined to small industries and family businesses, such as hotels, restaurants and ___33___ (particular) farms, rather than to large factories. The children not only receive nothing or very ___34___ for their long hours of work, but also they ___35___ (prevent) from attending school. Therefore, when they become older they are ___36___ (able) to do any other kind of work.
The solution ___37___ the problem of child labour is clearly better laws to protect young children greater supervision (监督) of industry and heavier fines for ___38___ who break the laws. Only in this way ___39___ young boys and girls be allowed to enjoy the most valuable time of ___40___ lives --- childhood.

第四部分：写作(共两节，满分40分)
基础写作(共1小题，满分15分)
2010年上海世博会已经开幕，作为一名中学生志愿者，你感觉身边还存在许多不文明行为。请你根据下图写一篇短文，简要描述图片内容并谈谈自己的感想。
【写作内容】
1. 召开世博会的意义: 促进文化交流，展示全球文明的最新成就
2.身边不文明行为：不遵守交通规则，随地吐痰
3. 你的建议：举止文明，共建和谐社会；采取严厉措施阻止人们的不良行为….
参考词汇：2010年上海世博会—Expo 2010 Shanghai China
【写作要求】
1．对所给要点逐一陈述，适当发挥，不能简单翻译。
2．用五个句子表达，开头结尾已经写好，不计入总句数。
Expo 2010 Shanghai China is drawing near. As a student volunteer, I feel very proud since________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Only in this way can we make Expo 2010 Shanghai China a great success.