摘要:primary a 初级的,基本的,主要的.最重要的

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We often talk about ourselves as if we have permanent genetic defects(缺陷) that can never be changed. “I’m impatient.” “I’m always behind.” “I always put things   1 !” You’ve surely heard them. Maybe you’ve used them to describe    ___2  .

These comments may come from stories about us that have been  3  for many years—often from  4  childhood. These stories may have no  5  in fact. But they can set low expectations for us. As a child, my mother said to me, “Marshall, you have no mechanical (操作机械的) skills, and you will never have any mechanical skills for the rest of your life.” How did these expectations  6  my development? I was never  7  to work on cars or be around  8  . When I was 18, I took the US Army’s Mechanical Aptitude Test. My scores were in the bottom for the entire nation!

Six years later,  9  , I was at California University, working on my doctors degree. One of my professors, Dr. Bob Tannbaum, asked me to write down things I did well and things I couldn’t do. On the positive side, I  10  down, “research, writing, analysis, and speaking.” On the  11  side, I wrote, “I have no mechanical skills.”

Bob asked me how I knew I had no mechanical skills. I explained my life  12 and told him about my  13  performance on the Army test. Bob then asked, “  14  is it that you can solve   15  mathematical problems, but you can’t solve simple mechanical problems?”

Suddenly I realized that I didn’t  16  from some sort of genetic defect. I was just living out expectations that I had chosen to  17  . At that point, it wasn’t just my family and friends who had been  18  my belief that I was mechanically hopeless. And it wasn’t just the Army test, either. I was the one who kept telling myself, “You can’t do this!” I realized that as long as I kept saying that, it was going to remain true.  19  , if we don’t treat ourselves as if we have incurable genetic defects, we can do well in almost  20  we choose.

1. A. away       B. off         C. up           D. down

2. A. them      B. myself       C. yourself      D. others

3. A. said       B. spoken       C. spread       D. repeated

4. A. as long as   B. as far back as   C. as well as     D. as much as

5. A. basis      B. plot         C. cause            D. meaning

6. A. lead       B. improve       C. affect       D. change

7. A. encouraged B. demanded    C. hoped       D. agreed

8. A. means     B. tools        C. facilities      D. hammers

9. A. therefore   B. somehow     C. instead       D. however

10. A. settled    B. turned       C. took            D. got

11. A. passive     B. active       C. negative       D. subjective

12. A. experiences     B. trips            C. roads        D. paths

13. A. unexpected B. poor        C. excellent     D. average

14. A. When     B. What        C. How         D. Why

15. A. complex   B. advanced      C. common      D. primary

16. A. arise      B. separate       C. suffer       D. come

17. A. believe    B. suspect      C. adopt        D. receive

18. A. weakening B. strengthening   C. abandoning   D. accepting

19. A. As a result     B. At the same time C. In addition    D. On the contrary

20. A. anything    B. something    C. nothing      D. all

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Dogs are social animals and without proper training, they will behave like wild animals. They will soil your house, destroy your belongings, bark excessively, fight other dogs and even bite you. Nearly all behavior problems are perfectly normal dog activities that occur at the wrong time or place or are directed at the wrong thing. The key to preventing or treating behavior problems is learning to teach the dog to redirect its normal behavior to outlets that are acceptable in the domestic setting.
  One of the best things you can do for your dog and yourself is to train its obedience. Obedience training doesn’t solve all behavior problems, but it is the foundation for solving just about any problem. Training opens up a line of communication between you and your dog. Effective communication is necessary to instruct your dog about what you want it to do.
Training is also an easy way to establish the social rank order. When your dog obeys a simple request of “come here, sit,” it is showing obedience and respect for you. It is not necessary to establish yourself as top dog or leader of the pack(群)by using extreme measure. You can teach your dog its subordinate(从属的)role by teaching it to show submission to you. Most dogs love performing tricks for you to
pleasantly accept that you are in charge.
  Training should be fun and rewarding for you and your dog. It can enrich your relationship and make living together more enjoyable. A well-trained dog is more confident and can more safely be allowed a greater amount of freedom than an untrained animal.
51. Behavior problems of dogs are believed to _______.
A. be just part of their nature
  B. worsen in modern society
  C. occur when they go wild
  D. present a threat to the community
52. The primary purpose of obedience training is to _______.
  A. teach the dog to perform clever tricks
  B. make the dog aware of its owner’s authority
  C. provide the dog with outlets for its wild behavior
  D. enable the dog to regain its normal behavior
53. Effective communication between a dog and its owner is _______.
  A. essential to solving the dog’s behavior problems
  B. the foundation for dogs to perform tasks
  C. a good way to teach the dog new tricks
  D. an extreme measure in obedience training
54. Why do pet dogs love performing tricks for their masters?
  A. To avoid being punished.
  B. To show their affection for their masters.
  C. To win leadership of the dog pack.
  D. To show their willingness to obey.
55. When a dog has received effective obedience training, its owner _______.
  A. can give the dog more rewards
  B. will enjoy a better family life
  C. can give the dog more freedom
  D. will have more confidence in himself

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We often talk about ourselves as if we have permanent genetic defects(缺陷) that can never be changed. “I’m impatient.” “I’m always behind.” “I always put things   1 !” You’ve surely heard them. Maybe you’ve used them to describe    ___2  .

These comments may come from stories about us that have been  3  for many years—often from  4  childhood. These stories may have no  5  in fact. But they can set low expectations for us. As a child, my mother said to me, “Marshall, you have no mechanical (操作机械的) skills, and you will never have any mechanical skills for the rest of your life.” How did these expectations  6  my development? I was never  7  to work on cars or be around  8  . When I was 18, I took the US Army’s Mechanical Aptitude Test. My scores were in the bottom for the entire nation!

Six years later,  9  , I was at California University, working on my doctors degree. One of my professors, Dr. Bob Tannbaum, asked me to write down things I did well and things I couldn’t do. On the positive side, I  10  down, “research, writing, analysis, and speaking.” On the  11  side, I wrote, “I have no mechanical skills.”

Bob asked me how I knew I had no mechanical skills. I explained my life  12 and told him about my  13  performance on the Army test. Bob then asked, “  14  is it that you can solve   15  mathematical problems, but you can’t solve simple mechanical problems?”

Suddenly I realized that I didn’t  16  from some sort of genetic defect. I was just living out expectations that I had chosen to  17  . At that point, it wasn’t just my family and friends who had been  18  my belief that I was mechanically hopeless. And it wasn’t just the Army test, either. I was the one who kept telling myself, “You can’t do this!” I realized that as long as I kept saying that, it was going to remain true.  19  , if we don’t treat ourselves as if we have incurable genetic defects, we can do well in almost  20  we choose.

1. A. away       B. off         C. up           D. down

2. A. them      B. myself       C. yourself      D. others

3. A. said       B. spoken       C. spread       D. repeated

4. A. as long as   B. as far back as   C. as well as     D. as much as

5. A. basis      B. plot         C. cause            D. meaning

6. A. lead       B. improve       C. affect       D. change

7. A. encouraged B. demanded    C. hoped       D. agreed

8. A. means     B. tools        C. facilities      D. hammers

9. A. therefore   B. somehow     C. instead       D. however

10. A. settled    B. turned       C. took            D. got

11. A. passive     B. active       C. negative       D. subjective

12. A. experiences     B. trips            C. roads        D. paths

13. A. unexpected B. poor        C. excellent     D. average

14. A. When     B. What        C. How         D. Why

15. A. complex   B. advanced      C. common      D. primary

16. A. arise      B. separate       C. suffer       D. come

17. A. believe    B. suspect      C. adopt        D. receive

18. A. weakening B. strengthening   C. abandoning   D. accepting

19. A. As a result     B. At the same time C. In addition    D. On the contrary

20. A. anything    B. something    C. nothing      D. all

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Fred Michel is one of 7.2 million Americans who moonlight, or hold more than one job.
  Once a week, after his day job as medical director of a mental health center, the 40-year-old psychiatrist (精神病大夫) heads to a part-time job at a treatment center for young people. Twice a month, he travels three hours to another teenage treatment center.
  Last year, 5.4 percent of the American workforce held second jobs, according to the US Labor Department, and that looks set to increase this year.
  Many workers like the safety that moonlighting provides, says Carl Hausamn, the writer of "Moonlighting: 148 Great Ways to Make Money to the Side."
  The information from the US Labor Department shows that 40 percent of US moonlighters in 1997 took a second job to meet household expenses or pay off debts. Others save money or buy some special things.
  People also take second jobs with an eye to the future - wanting to try out a new field or gain experience.
  Michel started moonlighting when medical systems were unstable (不稳定的). He wanted to make sure he wasn't tied to one system that ended up failing.
  Just as the purposes for moonlighting vary, the moonlighters cross all age and racial groups. And they work in a variety of industries - no longer just service, office and sale jobs.
  “Technology just affects your ability to make money,” Hausman says. "That makes a frequent change in moonlighting."
  As its name means, moonlighting still occurs mostly at night. And that results in some pressures. Chief among them is time.
  Full-time employers could misunderstand, too. Some companies do not allow after-hour work because they fear it will affect their employees' 9-to-5 performance.
  "The primary employer is saying, ‘Wait, I'm paying you for the sharp, fresh, energetic you,’” says Tom Gimbel, president and founder of LaSalle Staffing in Chicago. "If you' re burning yourself at both ends, it's going to show."
  Still, the good done to the moonlighters can be great. Besides extra income, moonlighters enjoy variety, freedom and chance to do something new. They also may find their part-time jobs strengthen what they do full time.
  Besides, "it's fun," Michel says. Not only do his part-time jobs offer a chance to network, stretch his professional skills and make more money, but they also give him the variety he wouldn't find just in a full-time job.
  "It' s a way of pulling from the spice cabinet" he says, "and offering a little variety throughout the day."
60. What is the article mainly about?
  A. The ways of moonlighting.
  B. The reasons for moonlighting.
  C. The problems with moonlighting.
  D. The kinds of people who moonlight.
61. The reason why Fred Michel began to moonlight is that ________.
  A. he found it exciting to do a part-time job
  B. he needed to make ends meet with more money
  C. he feared he would lose his present job one day
  D. he felt more and more pressure from his employer
62. Some companies don't allow their workers to moonlight because they are afraid ________.
  A. their workers can not do extra-hour work for them
  B. their workers will be too tired to try their best at work
  C. their workers will one day turn to some other different jobs
  D. their workers will not get to work and be off work on time
63. The underlined sentence "It's a way of pulling from the spice cabinet." in the last paragraph means _________.
  A. moonlighting gets you away from the job you don' t enjoy
  B. moonlighting offers you freedom to make extra money
  C. moonlighting strengthens your professional skills
D. moonlighting brings you chances to do something different

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