摘要： During the recession in the USA, . A. health coverage given by employers has been cancelled widely B. old Americans do physical exercise and outdoor activities C. Americans develop an unhealthy, stress-induced habit D. a study led by a group of health economists will be conducted.
Is the recession(经济衰退)destroying Americans'health in addition to their incomes?
“Yes, for some”, says a recent study led by health economists at Yale University, which found that job losses can make the fat fatter and the drinkers drunkards．
The study focused on workers above 50, who have been figuring prominently among the laid-off in recent decades and make up an older group for whom heavy eating and drinking is more likely to have serious health consequences．
For this group, results showed the body mass of the average laid-off food-lover increasing by the equivalent of more than seven pounds for a 5-foot, 10-inch man weighing 180 pounds during unemployment．Similarly, frequent drinkers on average doubled their daily alcohol intake after losing their jobs and before finding another one．
Lay-offs don't necessarily send people reaching for the beer bottle or digging into the potato-chip bag, explain the authors．In some cases, they make people healthier by reducing the income they would otherwise spend on alcohol and junk food or allowing more time for physical exercise and outdoor activities．
In fact, research focusing on the impact of layoffs and recessions on health has provided no evidence that the health of the average American declines as a result of acquiring unhealthy, stress-induced habits．
“While there is evidence from animal, preclinical and clinical studies that stress leads to overeating and excessive drinking, economic research on stress suggests substantial heterogeneity(极大的差异性)．”write the authors．In other words, losing one's job can be more or less stressful for different people and different bodies cope differently with stress-induced behavior．
But Yale's William T．Gallo, Padmaja Ayyagari, Jason M．Fletcher and Jody L．Sindelar, and Partha Deb, from the City University of New York, found that layoffs among older workers tend to harm the health of those with a pre-existing unhealthy fondness for food and drink．
Across all age groups, widespread loss of employer-provided health coverage is another way in which this recession is destroying the health of laid-off Americans, as many decide to “go without treatment or tests,” the Journal reports．
(1)
We learn from Paragraph 3 that the research focused on ________．
[ ]
A．
all Americans
B．
workers aged 50
C．
workers who are more than 50
D．
all age groups
(2)
After losing their jobs, ________．
[ ]
A．
Americans weight increased by seven pounds．
B．
frequent drinkers on average doubled their daily alcohol intake
C．
the health of average American declines
D．
Americans decided to go with treatment or tests
(3)
From Paragraph 5, we can infer that ________．
[ ]
A．
lay-offs lead to Americans overeating and excessive drinking
B．
lay-offs make people dig into the potato-chip bag
C．
lay-offs sometimes have positive effect on people's health
D．
lay-offs make people prefer the beer bottle
(4)
During the recession in the USA, ________．
[ ]
A．
health coverage given by employers has been cancelled widely
B．
old Americans do physical exercise and outdoor activities
C．
Americans develop an unhealthy, stress-induced habit
D．
a study led by a group of health economists will be conducted．
(5)
According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?
[ ]
A．
The recession is destroying all Americans' health and their incomes．
B．
The recession has negative effects on Americans without healthy eating habits．
C．
The health of the average American has been greatly affected by the recession．
D．
The recession does make old Americans become fatter and fatter．