摘要：51．The main purpose of this passage is to tell people . A．how erosion occurs B．the importance of using new farming methods C．something can be done to prevent erosion D．the serious outcomesof erosion E The central government will pour billions of yuan into special projects to help meet the country’s energy-saving targets. Local officials are also about to come under increased pressure to toe the government line to meet the targets, otherwise their political futures could be in jeopardy. A top official from the National Development and Reform Commission reaffirmed China’s commitment to cutting energy use and emissions when making a report to the Standing Committee of the National People’s Congress yesterday. “We’re facing a very vital situation to cut energy use, Ma Kai, the NDRC minister said. “If we don’t fasten our pace, it will be difficult to meet the targets this year. Ma said the central government would also issue compulsory energy consumption standards for 22 products such as steel, cement, caustic soda and thermal power by the end of the year. NDRC figures show that the country’s energy consumption per unit of gross domestic product (GDP) dropped 2.78 percent in the first six months from the same period a year earlier. However, the government has set the target of reducing energy consumption per unit of GDP by 20 percent between 2006 and 2010, about an annual fall of 4 percent. But it fell only 1.33 percent last year from 2005. In addition, official figures also show that SO2 emissions dropped 0.88 percent to 12.63 million tons in the first half of the year. The minister blamed some local officials for dragging the rest of the country down in not meeting the targets. He said the assessment of officials in many places still focused too much on their performance in economic growth, and many cities and counties still lacked concrete plans to cut energy consumption. Ma said we had paid too much to economic growth and serious consequences are revealing themselves.

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A serious threat to farmers in many parts of the world is erosion. Erosion occurs if a large area of land is cleared of trees and is then badly treated by the farmers. The rain and winds may gradually wash away, or blow away, much of the topsoil. When this happens, crops of wheat or corn become weaker and weaker until nothing grows well. If erosion continues, it will turn good land into a desert.

In the past, when erosion appeared, farmers sometimes moved to a new place to farm. Sometimes they could not move, but continued to try to grow food in the unhealthy soil. This caused them to sink into poverty. Soon some people realized that there was little rich, fertile soil in the world, government began to try to stop erosion.

One of the first experiments to stop erosion began in the United States in 1933. The experiment was carried out in the area of the Tennessee River. Floods and had farming in this area had ruined（毁坏）land that had once been rich. As a result, most of the people living around the Tennessee River were very poor.

The government built big dams across the river and stored the water for use during the dry season when there was no rain. The government workers also helped farmers to fertilize their soil and to learn new farming methods which could stop erosion.

At the beginning, the farmers were not interested. But soon,  good healthy crops began to appear on the land where new methods where used. Ten years after the extremely prosperous, the great success of this experiment had led similar projects in the other parts of the world.

 

53．The word “erosion” in the first paragraph means        .

       A．the clearing of trees                                    B．excessive（极度）use of the land

       C．the destruction of crops                              D．gradual loss of topsoil

54．The passage tells us that erosion is a problem which        .

       A．first began in the United States in 1933

       B．occurs mainly in river areas

       C．affects many parts of the world

       D．is becoming more and more serious

55．In the second paragraph, “to sink into poverty” means        .

       A．to lose topsoil in erosion

       B．to become weaker and weaker until nothing grows well

       C．to become very poor

       D．to turn into a desert

56．The main purpose of this passage is to tell people        .

      A．how erosion occurs

       B．the importance of using new farming methods

       C．something can be done to prevent erosion

       D．the serious outcomes（后果）of erosion

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A serious threat to farmers in many parts of the world is erosion. Erosion occurs if a large area of land is cleared of trees and is then badly treated by the farmers. The rain and winds may gradually wash away, or blow away, much of the topsoil. When this happens, crops of wheat or corn become weaker and weaker until nothing grows well. If erosion continues, it will turn good land into a desert.

In the past, when erosion appeared, farmers sometimes moved to a new place to farm. Sometimes they could not move, but continued to try to grow food in the unhealthy soil. This caused them to sink into poverty. Soon some people realized that there was little rich, fertile soil in the world, government began to try to stop erosion.

One of the first experiments to stop erosion began in the United States in 1933. The experiment was carried out in the area of the Tennessee River. Floods and had farming in this area had ruined（毁坏）land that had once been rich. As a result, most of the people living around the Tennessee River were very poor.

The government built big dams across the river and stored the water for use during the dry season when there was no rain. The government workers also helped farmers to fertilize their soil and to learn new farming methods which could stop erosion.

At the beginning, the farmers were not interested. But soon,  good healthy crops began to appear on the land where new methods where used. Ten years after the extremely prosperous, the great success of this experiment had led similar projects in the other parts of the world.

1．The word “erosion” in the first paragraph means        .

       A．the clearing of trees                                    B．excessive（极度）use of the land

       C．the destruction of crops                              D．gradual loss of topsoil

2．The passage tells us that erosion is a problem which        .

       A．first began in the United States in 1933

       B．occurs mainly in river areas

       C．affects many parts of the world

       D．is becoming more and more serious

3．In the second paragraph, “to sink into poverty” means        .

       A．to lose topsoil in erosion

       B．to become weaker and weaker until nothing grows well

       C．to become very poor

       D．to turn into a desert

4．The main purpose of this passage is to tell people        .

      A．how erosion occurs

       B．the importance of using new farming methods

       C．something can be done to prevent erosion

       D．the serious outcomes（后果）of erosion

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阅读理解

　　A serious threat(威胁)to farmers in many parts of the world is erosion．Erosion occurs if a large area of land is cleared of trees and is then badly treated by the farmers．The rain and winds may gradually wash away, or blow away, much of the topsoil．When thin happens, crops of wheat or corn become weaker and weaker until nothing grows well．If erosion continues, it will turn good land into a desert．

　　In the past, when erosion appeared, farmers sometimes moved to a new place to farm．Sometimes they could not move, but continued to try to grow food in the unhealthy soil．This caused them to sink into poverty．Soon some people realized that there was little rich, fertile(肥沃的)soil in the world, government began to try to stop erosion．

　　One of the first experiments to stop erosion began in the United States in 1933．The experiment was carried out in the area of the Tennessee River．Floods and bad farming in this area had destroyed land that had once been rich．As a result, most of the people living around the Tennessee River were very poor．The government built big dams across the river and stored the water for use during the dry season when there was no rain．The government workers also helped farmers to fertilize their soil and to learn new farming methods which could stop erosion．

　　At the beginning, the farmers were not interested．But soon, good healthy crops began to appear on the land where new methods were used．Ten years after the extremely prosperous(繁荣的)harvest, the great success of this experiment had led similar projects in the other parts of the world．

(1)

The word“erosion”in the first paragraph means ________．

[　　]

A．

the clearing of trees

B．

excessive(极度的)use of the land

C．

the destruction of crops

D．

gradual loss of topsoil

(2)

The passage tells us that erosion is a problem which ________．

[　　]

A．

first began in the United States in 1933

B．

occurs mainly in river areas

C．

affects many parts of the world

D．

is becoming more and more serious

(3)

The main purpose of this passage is to tell people ________．

[　　]

A．

how erosion occurs

B．

the serious results of erosion

C．

something can be done to prevent erosion

D．

the importance of using new farming methods

(4)

The main method used to prevent erosion was ________．

[　　]

A．

to build dams

B．

to keep the topsoil

C．

to grow healthy crops

D．

to stop farming

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