摘要: D. 从文章第三段The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. 可知答案.

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There seems never to have been a civilization(文明) without toys, but when and how they developed is unknown. They probably came about just to give children something to do.

In the ancient world, as is today, most boys play with some kinds of toys and most girls with another. In societies where social roles are strictly determined, boys pattern their play after the activities of their fathers and girls after the tasks of their mothers. This is true because boys and girls are being prepared, even in play, to step into the roles and responsibilities of the adult world.

What is remarkable about the history of toys is not so much how they changed over the centuries but how much they have remained the same. It is the universality of toys about their development in all parts of the world and their continuing to the present that is amazing. In Egypt, the Americas, China, Japan and among the Arctic peoples, generally the same kinds of toys appeared. Nearly every civilization had dolls, little weapons, toy soldiers, tiny animals and vehicles.

Because toys can be generally regarded as a kind of art form, they have not been subject to (服从于) technological progress that characterizes inventions for adult use. The progress from the wheel to the oxcart to the automobile is a direct line of advancement. The progress from a rattle (拨浪鼓) used by a baby in 3,000 BC to one used by an infant today, however, is not characterized by inventiveness. Each rattle is the product of the artistic tastes of the times and subject to the limitations of materials then ready for use. (words: 285 ; time : 5ms)

1. The reason why the toys most boys play with are different from those that girls play with is that ________ .

A. their social roles are strictly determined

B. most boys would like to follow their fathers' jobs

C. boys like to play with their fathers while girls with their mothers

D. they like challenging activities.

2. "The universality of toys" lies in the fact that ________ .

A. technological advances have greatly improved the making of toys

B. the improvement of techniques in making toys depends on the efforts of universities

C. the exploration of the universe has led to the creation of new kinds of toys

D. the basic characteristics of toys are the same all over the world

3. Regarded as a kind of art form, toys ________.

A. follow a direct line of development

B. also greatly interest adults

C. are not characterized by progress in technology

D. show the pace of social progress

(C)篇

1. A。由原文第二段第二句可知。

2. D。根据文章第三段第一句和第三句可知,玩具的基本的特征变化不大。

3. C。由文章最后一段第一句可知,玩具作为一种艺术形式,不因科技变化而变化。

 

 

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阅读下面的文字,完成下列各题。

梵  高

张  炜

我们终于谈到梵高了,神圣的梵高。在当代,他已经是不同艺术领域中的崇拜人物。他的作品在商人那儿已经化为金子,或者是远比金子还要昂贵十倍的珍奇。但是像他那样的心灵不仅用金钱无法沟通,就是用一般的艺术和精神也无法接近。他会在任何时候任何地点,拒绝那些流行的艺术热望者、大知音和中产阶级的高雅情调。因为他只是最平凡的人群中的一个灵魂,一个底层的感受者和传达者,一个不屈服者和抗争者,一个实践善良和使用决心的人。他是贫民的儿子,是他们痛苦而尖锐的眼睛。在这样的一双眼睛面前,我们往往只有在无可奈何的沉默中压住自己心底的惊叹才行。他的境界是高不可攀的,因为那是底层艺术家所守护的最后一道防线,也是权利。这其实也是人的防线与权利。梵高可以让我们明白,当一个人面对无情的外部世界时,顽强的精神会怎样迸溅出火花,直至燃烧为熊熊烈焰。

我走在慕尼黑、曼哈顿、巴黎等最著名的艺术博物馆里,在星光灿烂之中,在无法穷尽的艺术、不同时代不同流派的大荟萃面前,常常有一种无可逃匿的眩晕感。在跨越时空而来的多角度多层次、频繁急促和陡然有力的各种撞击之下,那根本来敏感的神经已经麻木疲萎。可是,几乎是无一例外,只要一走近梵高,一走近他的展出单元,立刻就会感到一片辉煌之光扑面而来。就这样,最昂扬的音乐陡然奏响。世界马上改变了,双眼睁大了,一切又重新开始了。

这是怎样神秘的力量,这力量又从何而来?

当然,一切只能源于他的这个生命。他的生命仍然在持续不断地发散----首先是从源头,从他执笔之时,从那一刻的怦怦心跳开始震动我们,使我们至今不能安宁。他眼中的一切原来与我们有巨大区别,就是这区别让我们双眼大睁、心上一凛。这区别当然是来自他的目光,它有强大的剥落和穿凿的力量:世界上的所有事物都被我们的眼睛蒙上了一层庸常的布幔,但这布幔在梵高那儿马上被刺破,或被抽揭一空。世界裸露了,本真显现了,所以他让我们看到的就是强烈的光,是逼人的颜色,是疾旋与燃烧,是轰响和炸裂,是呼叫和奔突......我们每个人本来都拥有这种直视的能力,不幸的是后来的生活给予我们每个人无尽的磨损,我们丧失了这种能力,而只有神奇的梵高保留了。

梵高做过教师、画店营业员、传教士、书店店员、画家。这些职业是那么不同,可是在梵高那儿并没有人们想像的那么大的差异。因为他以同样的心情去做,同样用力,同样真实。他赋予任何工作的,都仅仅是一份生命的虔诚。也正是由于这种对于工作的非同常人的理解,他差不多把每一样工作都给做“砸了”。最后是作画----他现在被公认为最伟大的画家之一,可是当时却被看成是最不成功的画家,几乎没有卖出过一幅作品。他没有一般专业人士看好的技法,简直没有受到什么正规的、更不要说是深入独到的专业训练了。他的画被看成可笑的涂抹,形式上一塌糊涂。那些直接而强悍的笔触、生猛可怖的画面,能够毫不费力地逼退那些艺术沙龙的宠儿。其实比起梵高而言,许多人等于生活在温室中,他们没有经历真实的风雨阳光,当然也没有接受过催逼,没有倾听过号叫,没有接受过起码的人生打击。他们怎么具有理解梵高的能力呢?

真实的生活,底层的生活,有时候、许多时候都是刺目的。但是在漫长的人生旅途中,生活的真实面目还是要显现----最后总是要显现。这是一个顽强的规律。每到这个时刻,人们也就开始理解了梵高,只不过稍微晚了些。

梵高的艺术,像许多真正的艺术一样,是直到最后才被接受下来的。

他保留下了大量书信。人们阅读这些书信时,才知道他是多么热情、对生活多么挚爱的人。人们读得泪眼汪汪。其实他的画作已经再好不过地表达了这种热烈。他的巨大的慈爱并不需要直接说出,他的柔情也并不需要,因为他全部都画出来了。他正是为这种爱,而不是为这种艺术,交出了自己全部的生命。

——《远逝的风景》

文章指出梵高的“心灵不仅用金钱无法沟通,就是用一般的艺术和精神也无法接近”,为什么?尽量用文中的语言作答,不超过14个字。

文章第三自然段:“这是怎样神秘的力量”中“这”所指代的具体内容是什么?

画线的句子问:“这力量又从何而来?”文中除从总的方面回答:“源于他的这个生命”以外,还说了两个具体的答案,请用自己的话予以归纳。

下列对文章的理解有误的两项是:(     )

    A.梵高的作品现在已经成为商人们以高价竞相购买的收藏品,而且成了商人们心中的无价之宝。

    B.梵高让我们明白了顽强的精神可以使人在面对无情的外部世界时迸溅出火花,以至成为熊熊燃烧的烈焰

    C.由于在慕尼黑等地的最著名的艺术博物馆里,艺术家众多,不同时代的艺术流派纷至沓来,使人常常有一种无可逃匿的眩晕感,故尔使作者对他们的作品产生了反感。

    D.梵高现在已被公认为最伟大的画家之一,但在梵高的一生中做过教师、画店营业员、传教士、书店店员、画家,均未达到成功的目的,虽然他如同做画那样以同样的心情去做,同样用力,同样真实。

    E.梵高的画以逼人的颜色,强烈的光,强悍的笔触,生猛可怖的画面,裸露、显现了世界的真实面目,逼退了当时艺术沙龙中的宠儿,因而遭到当时人们的否定。

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听力

第一节(共5小题:每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的ABC三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后,你有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例:How much is the shirt?

A.£19.15

B.£9.15

C.£9.18

答案是B.

1.Why will dorotl de on the weeknd?

A.Go out weeknd end

B.Work on her paper.

C.Make some plans.

2.What was the normal price of the T-shirt?

A.$15

B.$30

C.$50

3.What has the woman decided to do on Sunday aftermoon?

A.To attend a wedding

B.To visit an exhibition.

C.To meet a friend.

4.Where dose the bank close on Satuerday?

A.At 1∶00 p. m

B.At 3∶00 p. m

C.At 4∶00 p. m

5.Where are the speakers?

A.In a store

B.In a classroom

C.In a hotel.

第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小问题,从题中所给的A、B、C、三个选项中选出最佳选项,听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料,回答第6.7题。

6.What do we know about Nora?

A.She pre fers a room of her own.

B.She likes to work with other girls.

C.She lives near the city center.

7.What is good at about the flat?

A.It is a large sitting room.

B.It has a good futuree.

C.It has a big ketchen.

听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。

8.Where has Barbara been?

A.Milan

B.Florence

C.Rome

9.What has Barbara got in her suitcase?

A.Shoes

B.Stones

D.Books

听第8段材料,回答10至12题。

10.Who is making the telephone call?

A.Thomas Brothes.

B.Mike Landon

C.Jack Coooper

11.What relation is the woman to Mr.Cooper?

A.His wife.

B.His boss.

C.His secretary.

12.What is the message about?

A.A meeting

B.A visit to France

C.The date for a trip.

听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。

13.Who could the man speaker most probably be?

A.A person who saw the accident.

B.The driver of the lorry.

C.A police office.

14.what was mrs.franks ding doing when the accident took place?

A.walking along churchill avence.

B.getting ready to cross the road.

C.standing outside a bank

15.when did the accident happen?

A.at about 8∶00 a. m

B.at about 9∶00a. m

C.at about 10∶00a. m

16.How did the acidcent happen?

A.a longhit a car

B.a car ran into a lorry

C.a bank clerk rushed into the street.

听第10段材料,回答第17至20题

17.What is the talk mainly about?

A.The history of the school.

B.The courses for the term.

C.The plan for the day.

18.Where can the visitors learn about the subjects for new students?

A.In the school hall.

B.In the science labs.

C.In the classrooms.

19.What can students do in the practical areas?

A.Take science courceses

B.Enjoy excenllnt mears

C.Attend workshops.

20.When are the visitors excepted to ask questions?

A.During the lunch hour.

B.After the welcome speech.

C.Before the tour of the labs.

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阅读以下段落,从选项中挑出符合各段大意的选项,第三段段意已给出。注意其中有一项是多余的。
    1. I love bridges! Walking across a large river, a busy road or over a railway line is very exciting for me.
Sometimes, if the bridge is very high, I feel like I'm flying. If the bridge is very long, I think there may be a
problem arriving at the other side. If the bridge is very narrow, I think it may break! When I travel I like to
cross bridges. In the USA I crossed the Golden Gate, in Australia I crossed the Sydney Harbour Bridge and
when I was in Thailand I crossed the Friendship Bridge to Laos.
    2. Luckily I live in London and there are many bridges here. I live near Chelsea Bridge. So you can imagine
how excited I was to hear that there was a new bridge to celebrate the millennium (太平盛世). A new bridge
in London! The first new pedestrian bridge! A bridge just for people, so no cars, trains or pollution. 
     (Excitement about a new bridge) Every weekend I went to see the building of the bridge. It was great
to see it changing and growing. Then at last it was finished and it looked beautiful. It runs from St Paul's
Cathedral to Southwark, it is long and wide. 
     3. I was really happy that day the bridge opened. I went with my friend Janice and we waited with all the
other people who wanted to cross the bridge too. Everyone was very happy and talking about the bridge. The
mayor of London, Ken Livingstone, said:"It will be so good to actually walk across the river peacefully,
without cars and trains thundering by." 
     4. Then, at last, we walked across the bridge! We walked slowly and looked down at the river below. I
was very excited. Then I could feel the bridge move a little. It moved to the left and then it moved to the right.
Then it moved again to the left and to the right again. I wasn't excited now, I was a little afraid. The other
people stopped talking and looked at each other. The bridge was swinging to the left and right! I was very
happy to arrive at the other side of the river without a problem. 
     5. The next day the bridge was closed and it had a new name: not the Millennium Bridge but the Wobbly
(摇摆) Bridge! The architect said there was not a problem: the bridge is designed to move. So the bridge was
reopened again later. It is now my favorite bridge in London and I try and cross it as many times as possible.
A. The building of the new bridge
B. Moving bridge finally won my love
C. Opening of the new bridge
D. Special feeling about brdges
E. Everybody loved the bridge
F. Walking across the new bridge
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第一部分:听力

第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分;满分7.5分)

听下面5段话。每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置.听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

1.What is the woman going to do?

A.Feel cool.

B.Start soon.

C.Stay there for five minutes.

2.How do you think of the man?

A.He is the happiest man.

B.He is very rich.

C.He is poor.

3.Which is true according to the dialogue?

A.The woman is not satisfied with her daughter’s engagement.

B.The woman is worried about her daughter’s sickness.

C.The man suggests that she should give more apples to her daughter.

4.What does the man mean?

A.He will be away for a long time.

B.He is willing to do everything for her.

C.He will take the woman to another world.

5.What does the man mean?

A.He tried to call the woman.

B.He was too busy to call the woman.

C.He spoke to the woman on the phone last night.

第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各个小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料,回答第6至7题。

6.What is the probable relationship between the speakers?

A.Parent and children.

B.General and soldiers.

C.Doctor and nurses.

7.What will the soldier get?

A.Completely new clothing.

B.Nothing new.

C.Good news.

听第7段材料,回答第8至10题

8.Where did the conversation probably take place?

A.At Mr.French’s office.

B.At Miss Maggie’s house.

C.At Mr.Robinson’s office.

9.What was the probable relationship between the two speakers?

A.Husband and wife.

B.Teacher and student.

C.Manager and secretary.

10.Which of the following statements is true according to this conversation?

A.Miss Martin’s boyfriend lived near the office where she worked.

B.Mr.French asked Miss Maggie to bring him a cup of coffee.

C.Mr.French’s office might be in any country but France.

听第8段材料,回答第11至13题。

11.What are they talking about in the dialogue?

A.Basketball stars.

B.NBA.

C.Yaoming

12.What is the true according to the dialogue?

A.Michael Jordan won the value player last Saturday.

B.Yaoming is superior to the others.

C.Jordan is the best one in the woman’s opinion.

13.How many basketball stars have been mentioned in the text?

A.3

B.4

D.5

听第9段材料,回答第14至17题。

14.What is main topic of this dialogue?

A.Anxiety.

B.Truth.

C.Time.

15.Why is Polly worried?

A.He failed his last test.

B.He missed his teacher.

C.He's taking examinations soon.

16.Why does Polly turn to Sally for advice?

A.She is older than he is.

B.She has been through a similar experience.

C.She is a medical student.

17.What does Sally suggest Polly do?

A.Turn to the teacher.

B.Have a good sleep.

C.Stop taking the exam.

听第10段材料,回答第18至20题。

18.What were the boys doing?

A.They were having a contest with the dog.

B.They were deciding who would have the dog.

C.They were playing games with the dog.

19.What did the man want the boys to do?

A.To take the dog home.

B.Not to tell lies.

C.To give the dog to him.

20.Who told the biggest lie?

A.The man.

B.The smallest boy.

C.The dog.

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