A migraine（偏头痛）can cause disabling pain. People may not feel back to normal for hours or even days. Migraines are most common among young adults and middle-aged people. In the United States, about eighteen percent of women and six percent of men report having migraines.

People who suffer from migraines can find that different “triggers（诱因）”in different people may get a headache started. Stress can act as a trigger. So can chocolate in some people. Many migraine sufferers say hot weather and low barometric pressure（大气压）can act as triggers. But researchers say they do not have much scientific evidence of that — until now.

 In a new study, a team examined the medical records of seven thousand hospital patients. The patients had visited the emergency room at Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center in Boston, Massachusetts, because of a headache. More than two thousand of them had been found to have a migraine.

 The team then compared those records to weather conditions in the twenty-four hours before the hospital visits. For every increase of five degrees centigrade in air temperature, the patients had a seven and one-half percent higher risk of migraine. Decreases in barometric pressure two to three days before the visit also appeared to trigger headaches.

 The researchers found no evidence that air pollution influenced headaches. But they could not rule out the possibility of a smaller effect.

 A separate study has found that age, gender and where a person has extra body fat may affect the risk of migraine. It found that overweight people between the ages of twenty and fifty-five may have a higher risk. On average, those who were larger around the middle were more likely to have migraines than those of the same age with smaller waistlines.

 The study involved twenty-two thousand people. It was led by Lee Peterlin. She says early results suggest that losing weight in the stomach area may help younger people who experience migraines, especially women.

41. From the first paragraph, we can infer a migraine can ________.

A. make people unable to walk

B. prevent people acting normally

C. cause people to leave home for days

D. get people to suffer from mental disorder

42. The underlined word “that” in Paragraph 2 refers to ________.

A. chocolate acting as a trigger

B. stress acting as a trigger

C. hot weather and low barometric pressure acting as triggers

D. high air pressure acting as a trigger

43. According to the passage, headaches are influenced least by ________.

A. body weight                  B. barometric pressure

C. air temperature                  D. air pollution

44. In the opinion of Lee Peterlin, a person who has a migraine should ________.

A. avoid gathering fat in the stomach area

B. eat more sweet food every day

C. stay warm in good weather

D. keep away from noisy places

45. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A. Overweight people may have a lower risk of migraines.

B. Weather is linked to migraines.

C. Migraines are a headache for many people.

D. Women suffer more migraines than men do.

Australian Flag Designs by Readers of the Sun-Herald

We received dozens of responses after inviting readers to send in their designs for a new flag. The designs we received include:

James Anthony, Drummoyne

James reduces the Union Jack down in size and changes its shape to become a reminder of the British tradition rather than canceling it altogether. At the same time he suggests enlarging the stars of the Southern Cross. His design attempts to use the best of both worlds in a newly designed flag.

As he says, “the British part of the Australian Flag is too big and the Australian bits are too small. When you make the stars bigger the Australian flag can look impressive.”

Joe Bollen, Turranmurra

Joe’s flag has the main elements of a risen sun, white horizon(地平线), red earth at the base and the Southern Cross. He intends to make the risen sun a special Australian symbol on the flag. He believes it represents life. The Southern Cross shows that we live in the Southern Hemisphere. (半球)

Maria Ieraci, Sydney

Maria deleted the Union Jack but otherwise kept the flag as is with the Southern Cross and Federation Star. She says, ‘There is only one correct way to change the Australian flag” and that is “to drop the Union Jack ---- when Australia becomes a Republic”, which she hopes will be before 2010.

Ron Bennett, Sydney

Ron recommends using the Aboriginal colors but replacing their image of the sun with the map of Australia. He says, “Australia is unique being an island continent with an instantly recognizable outline at that” and “this will leave no doubt as to which country the flag belongs.”

1.Which of the four designs can remind you of the past of the country?

  A. Joe’s   B. Maria’s   C. Ron’s   D. Jame’s

2.The Southern Cross in some of the designs represents _________.

  A. the spirit of the nation   B. the position of the country 

 C. the tradition of Britain   D. the expectations of the people

3.What does the Union Jack refer to?

  A.the British flag     B. A former British ruler  

C. group of stars      D. A former symbol of Australia

4.Which of the following shows the correct matches of the designs and their designers?

A. by Maria         by Ron           by Joe            by James

B.  by Joe           by Maria         by James           by Ron

C.  by Ron          by James         by Maria           by Joe

D.  by James         by Joe           by Ron            by Maria

Australian Flag Designs by Readers of the Sun-Herald
We received dozens of responses after inviting readers to send in their designs for a new flag. The designs we received include:
James Anthony, Drummoyne
James reduces the Union Jack down in size and changes its shape to become a reminder of the British tradition rather than canceling it altogether. At the same time he suggests enlarging the stars of the Southern Cross. His design attempts to use the best of both worlds in a newly designed flag.
As he says, “the British part of the Australian Flag is too big and the Australian bits are too small. When you make the stars bigger the Australian flag can look impressive.”
Joe Bollen, Turranmurra
Joe’s flag has the main elements of a risen sun, white horizon(地平线), red earth at the base and the Southern Cross. He intends to make the risen sun a special Australian symbol on the flag. He believes it represents life. The Southern Cross shows that we live in the Southern Hemisphere. (半球)
Maria Ieraci, Sydney
Maria deleted the Union Jack but otherwise kept the flag as is with the Southern Cross and Federation Star. She says, ‘There is only one correct way to change the Australian flag” and that is “to drop the Union Jack ---- when Australia becomes a Republic”, which she hopes will be before 2010.
Ron Bennett, Sydney
Ron recommends using the Aboriginal colors but replacing their image of the sun with the map of Australia. He says, “Australia is unique being an island continent with an instantly recognizable outline at that” and “this will leave no doubt as to which country the flag belongs.”
【小题1】Which of the four designs can remind you of the past of the country?

完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。   
Jame’s New Bicycle
James shook his money box again. Nothing! He carefully   21  the coins that lay on the bed . $24. 52 was all that he had. The bicycle he wanted was at least $90!   22  on earth was he going to get the   23  of the money?
He knew that his friends all had bicycles. It was   24   to hang around with people when you were the only one without wheels. He thought about what he could do. There was no   25  asking his parents, for he knew they had no money to   26 .
There was only one way to get money, and that was to   27  it. He would have to find a job.   28  who would hire him and what could he do? He decided to ask Mr. Clay for advice ,who usually had   29  on most things.
“Well, you can start right here, ”said Mr. Clay. “My windows need cleaning and my car needs washing. ”
That was the   30 of  James’ s odd-job（零工） business. For three months he worked every day after finishing his homework. He was amazed by the   31   of jobs that people found for him to do.  He took dogs and babies for walks, cleared out cupboards, and mended books. He lost count of the   32   of cars he washed and windows he cleaned, but the  33   increased and he knew that he would soon have   34  for the bicycle he longed for.
The day   35  came when James counted his money and found $94.32. He   36   no time and went down to the shop to pick up the bicycle he wanted. He rode   37   home, looking forward to showing his new bicycle to his friends. It had been hard   38   for the money, but James knew that he valued his bicycle far more   39  he had bought it with his own money. He had   40   what he thought was impossible, and that was worth even than the bicycle.

完形填空(共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。   

Jame’s New Bicycle

James shook his money box again. Nothing! He carefully   21   the coins that lay on the bed . $24. 52 was all that he had. The bicycle he wanted was at least $90!   22   on earth was he going to get the   23   of the money?

He knew that his friends all had bicycles. It was   24   to hang around with people when you were the only one without wheels. He thought about what he could do. There was no   25   asking his parents, for he knew they had no money to   26  .

There was only one way to get money, and that was to   27  it. He would have to find a job.   28   who would hire him and what could he do? He decided to ask Mr. Clay for advice ,who usually had   29   on most things.

“Well, you can start right here, ”said Mr. Clay. “My windows need cleaning and my car needs washing. ”

That was the   30  of  James’ s odd-job（零工） business. For three months he worked every day after finishing his homework. He was amazed by the   31   of jobs that people found for him to do.  He took dogs and babies for walks, cleared out cupboards, and mended books. He lost count of the   32   of cars he washed and windows he cleaned, but the  33   increased and he knew that he would soon have   34   for the bicycle he longed for.

The day   35   came when James counted his money and found $94.32. He   36    no time and went down to the shop to pick up the bicycle he wanted. He rode   37   home, looking forward to showing his new bicycle to his friends. It had been hard   38    for the money, but James knew that he valued his bicycle far more   39   he had bought it with his own money. He had   40    what he thought was impossible, and that was worth even than the bicycle.

1. A. cleaned            B. covered         C. counted           D. checked

2.A. How                 B. Why             C. Who               D. What

3. A. amount             B. part            C. sum               D. rest

4. A. brave              B. hard            C. smart             D. unfair

5.A. point               B. reason          C. result            D. right

6. A. split              B. spend           C. spare             D. save

7. A. borrow             B. earn            C. raise             D. collect

8. A. Or                 B. So              C. For               D. But

9. A. decisions          B. experience      C. opinions       D. knowledge

10.A. beginning          B. introduction    C. requirement       D. opening

11. A. similarity        B. quality         C. suitability       D. variety

12. A. brand             B. number          C. size              D. type

13. A. effort            B. pressure        C. money             D. trouble

14. A. all               B. enough          C. much              D. some

15. A. finally           B. instantly       C. normally          D. regularly

16. A. gave              B. left            C. took              D. wasted

17. A. patiently         B. proudly         C. silently          D. tiredly

18.A. applying           B. asking          C. looking           D. working

19.A. since              B. if              C. than              D. though

20. A. deserved B. benefited    C. achieved D. learned