After spending three days in a wheelchair, I was ready to quit. Not only did I have to battle cracked (裂缝的) and uneven (不平的) pavements, I had to deal with the bad attitude of pedestrians (行人) and a cold rain. But I didn’t give up because of people like Tiffany Payne.

   Payne, who has been using a wheelchair for 18 years, laughed at me:

   “Imagine trying to get around town in the winter,” she said.

   I could see her point: You’re battling to get to a doctor’s appointment (预约), but no one has shoveled (铲) after a big snowfall. Your choices: Move out and risk getting stuck, or reschedule the appointment.

  Those of us fortunate enough to get around on our own two legs don’t give a second thought to the person in a wheelchair next to us at a crosswalk. That would require us to look down.

   So I decided to try using a wheelchair to get a sample of what their lives are like. It wasn’t long before I saw that people who use wheelchairs are forced to deal with a lot of trouble.

   During my experiment, I was ignored by store staff while shopping and bumped into by inattentive (疏忽的) walkers without so much as an apology.    

   Some people even gave me angry looks as if I were the one at fault.

   Once in a store, a woman bumped into me trying to get to the new iPad. She didn’t say, “Excuse me.”

  When salespeople did offer assistance, they talked to people who were with me, instead of me. I wanted to yell: “Hey, I’m down here!”

  Some salespeople talked to me as though I were a child or acted like they didn’t want to be bothered with me.

   People who use wheelchairs want to be treated like everyone else. They also comprehend (理解), so you don’t have to speak to them in a childlike, sing-song voice. It’s not very appealing (吸引人的), especially when the person is an adult. And most importantly, remember they have feelings that can be hurt just like yours.

   Spending three days in a wheelchair made me look differently at those who have to use one. I hope you do the same.

                                            By James E. Causey

1.The author writes the story to _______.

  A. help those in wheelchairs gain self-confidence

  B. share his experience of acting as a wheelchair user

  C. ask people to show sympathy for those in wheelchairs

  D. call on people to respect and help those in wheelchairs

2. During his three days in a wheelchair, the author met all of the following  

  difficulties EXCEPT ______.

  A. bad road conditions          B. poor attitudes of ordinary people

  C. terrible medical service         D. bad weather

3. What can we conclude from the article?

  A. A wheelchair user may feel offended when you do not address him or her directly.

  B. Assistants in big stores are usually kind to people in wheelchairs.

  C. People in wheelchairs should fight for fair treatment.

  D. People in wheelchairs are usually hard to get along with.

4. Which of the following statements would the author agree to?

  A. Look down on a person in a wheelchair.

  B. Speak to a person in a wheelchair in a sing-song voice.

  C. Treat a person in a wheelchair as you would any other person.

  D. Offer assistance to a person in a wheelchair without asking for permission.

?Health, Wellness and the Politics of Food
9:00—9:45 a.m. Blue Tent
Panelists (成员)：Jami Bernard, David Kamp, Marion Nestle and Peter Singer.
Hosted by Denise Grady, science writer for The New York Times.
How does what we eat not only affect our bodies, but also the world？The food and nutrition experts debate the role that the diet plays in both personal and global health, and present a look at food politics.
?Sports Writing：For the Love of the Game
9:50—10:35 a.m. Blue Tent
Panelists：Christine Brennan, Ira Rosen, Joe Wallace and Joe Drape.
Hosted by William C.Rhoden, sports writer for The New York Times.
Whether catching that key moment of victory or defeat, or covering breaking news, sports writers are anything but audience. Listen as some professionals discuss the special experience in reporting of sports news.
?The Art of the Review
11:15—12:00 a.m. Green Tent
Panelists: John Freeman, Barry Gewen, David Orr, Celia McGee and Jennifer Schuessler.
Hosted by Sam Tanenhaus, editor for The New York Times Book Review.
How much of an effect does the book review have on book sales？Join this group of critics(评论家) as they discuss the reality of book review and bestseller lists, and how they choose books for review.
?New York Writers, New York Stories
3:00—3:45 p.m.Green Tent
Panelists: Cindy Adams, Richard Cohen, Ric Klass and Lauren Redniss.
Hosted by Clyde Haberman, columnist (专栏作家) for the City Section of The New York Times.
Join this inspiring group of New York－centric writers as they talk about why New York is a gold mine of ideas for their work.
【小题1】If you are free in the afternoon, you can attend_______.

Thinking is something you choose to do as a fish chooses to live in water. To be human is to think. But thinking may come naturally without your knowing how you do it. Thinking about drinking is the key to critical（判断性的）thinking. When you think critically, you take control of your thinking processes（过程）. Otherwise, you might be controlled by the ideas of others. Indeed, critical thinking is at the heart of education.
The word “critical” here has a special meaning. It does not mean taking one view against another view, as when someone criticizes another person for doing something wrong. The nature of critical thinking is thinking beyond the easily seen-beyond the pictures on TV, the untrue reports in the newspapers, and the faulty reasoning.
Critical thinking is an attitude as much as an activity. If you are curious about life and desire to dig deeper into it, you are a critical thinker. If you find pleasure in deep thinking about different ideas, characters, and facts, you are a critical thinker 。
Activities of the mind and higher-order reasoning are processes of deep and careful consideration. They take time, and do not go hand in hand with the fast speed in today’s world: fast foods, instant coffee, and self-developing film. If you are among the people who believe that speed is a measure of intelligence（智力）, you may learn something new from a story about Albert Einstein. The first time Banesh Hoffman, a scientist, was to discuss his work with Albert Einstein. Hoffman was too nervous to speak. But Einstein immediately put Hoffman at ease by saying, “Please go slowly. I don’t understand things quickly.”
73. Critical thinking is important to us because if we do not think critically, _______.
A. it will be hard for us to think naturally and fast
B. we might be controlled by other people’s ideas
C. we will follow the ideas of others naturally
D. we might be footed by other people’s ideas
74. If you are a critical thinker, you will ________.
A. think deeply about different ideas    B. trust the reports in the newspapers
C. take one view against another view  D. criticize other people for their mistakes
75. In the last paragraph, “something new” suggests that ________.
A. the smarter you are, the faster you do things
B. the faster you do things, the smarter you become
C. speed can improve intelligence  
D. intelligence is not decided by speed
76. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Thinking and Critical Thinking.          B. Understanding Critical Thinking.
C. Thinking Is Natural and Human.      D. Thinking Fast Means Intelligence.

    What makes people happier: money or having happy friends and neighbors? Researchers from Harvard University and the University of California, San Diego, have found an answer as part of a study.

    The new study found that friends of happy people had a greater chance of being happy themselves. And the smaller the physical distance between friends, the larger the effect they had on each other’s happiness. For example, a person was twenty percent more likely to feel happy if a friend living within one and a half kilometers was also happy. Having a happy neighbor who lived next door increased an individual’s chance of being happy by thirty-four percent. The effects of friends’ happiness lasted for up to a year.

    The researchers found that happiness is really contagious. Sadness also spread among friends, but not as much as happiness. People removed by as much as three degrees of separation still had an effect on a person’s happiness. Three degrees of separation means the friend of a friend of a friend. The study showed that having an extra five thousand dollars increased a person’s chances of becoming happier by about two percent. But the researchers found that the influence of a friend of a friend of a friend can be greater than that.

    Another finding is that people who are married or work together do not have as much of an effect on happiness as friends do. Earlier studies by the two researchers described the effects of social networks on obesity and efforts to stop smoking. The new study shows that happiness spreads through social networks like an emotional virus—a virus people would be happy to catch.

68. A person would feel happy ______.

A. no matter how far away his or her good friend lives

B. if his or her friend living within a short distance is happy

C. only if his or her friend lives within one and a half kilometers

D. if he and his friends can get in touch easily

69. If you are the friend of a friend of a happy friend, you’d _______.

A. be quite likely to be happy too

B. have less chance of being happy

C. be influenced by your friends in many ways

D. have a feeling of being separated

70. We can conclude from the passage that _______.

A. happiness has nothing to do with how much money you have

B. your neighbors can also contribute to your happiness

C. the distance between two friends has nothing to do with happiness

D. the effects of friends’ happiness last a lifetime

71. The underlined word“contagious”in the third paragraph probably means _______.

A. that can be passed from person to person

B. that has been widely accepted

C. that is hard to explain

D. that can be gained through efforts

第二节 情景对话(共5小题,每小题1分,满分5分)

    根据对话情景和内容,从对话后所给的选项中选出能填入每一空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑.选项中有两个为多余选项(注意：答案E涂AB，F涂BC，G涂CD)

--- Mum, my old bike has gone wrong again. What shall I do?

---       6     

--- Great! But can I have a mountain bike?

--- Why a mountain bike? There’re no mountains around here.

--- Mountain bikes are stronger, and they’re better at going up hills. But I …

---       7     

--- Money. Do you know how much they cost? At least $300 each! How can I get so much money?

---       8     

--- Over a year! But I need one now.

---       9     

--- I suppose about $150 each.

--- Well, that sounds more reasonable. If you save $5 a week, you’ll have enough in about six months.

---       10    

--- Well, go ahead with your saving and I’ll make up the rest in six months. Now, go and get your old bike repaired.