When Scotsman Alexander Graham Bell invented the telephone in 1876, it was a revolution in communication．Over the last two decades a new means of spoken communication has emerged: the mobile phone．

The modern mobile phone is a more complex version of the two-way radio．Traditional two-way radio was a very limited means of communication．As soon as the users moved out of range of each other's broadcast area, the signal was lost．In the 1940s, researchers began experimenting with the idea of using a number of radio masts （天线杆）located around to pick up signals from two-way radios．A caller would always be within range of one of the masts; when he or she moved too far away from one mast, the next mast would pick up the signal．（Scientists referred to each mast's reception area as being a separate "cell"; this is why in．many countries mobile phones are called "cell phones"．）

The first real mobile telephone call was made in 1973 by Dr Martin Cooper．As soon as his invention was completed,, he tested it by calling another scientist to announce his success．Within a decade, mobile phones became available to the public．They have changed the way we do a lot of things．One powerful feature is the Short Message Service （SMS） or text message．It's the perfect communication method for the busy modern lifestyle．Going to be late? Send a text message! The text message has changed the way we write in English．The language construction became less strict．Traditional rules of grammar and spelling are much less important when you're sitting on the bus, hurriedly typing "Will B 15mm late-C U @ the bar．（I will be 15 minutes late to see you at the

bar．） Sorry!"．

Over the last few years mobiles have become more and more advanced．We have seen the instruction of cameras, global positioning system and Internet access．

Alexander Graham Bell would be surprised if he could see how far the science of telephone has progressed in less than 150 years．If he were around today, he might say: "That’s gr8（great）! But I'm busy rite now（I am very busy right now）．Will call U2nite（I will call you tonight．）．"

1.The writing style of the passage is a （an）___．

2.The article is intended to__     _．

3.What do you think of the writer according to the last paragraph．

The most important use of drifting (漂流) bottles is to find ocean currents. When the position and direction of currents are known, ships can use the forward movement of a current or stay away from currents that would carry them off their course. Benjamin Franklin was one of the first to use bottles in the study of currents. He wondered why British mall ships needed a week or two longer than U.S. ships needed in order to cross the Atlantic Ocean. Franklin thought the Gulf Stream (墨西哥湾流) might explain this difference.

Franklin talked with captains of U.S. ships. He found that they knew each turn of the Gulf Stream. They used the current in every possible way. From his talks with the captains. Franklin made his first map of the Gulf Stream. Then he checked his map by using sealed (密封的) bottles. The map that he finally made is still used, with only a few changes, today. 

1. Why are drifting bottles used?

A. To determine the position of a ship                                 

B. To carry message across the ocean

C. To predict the direction of a ship.                               

D. To find the direction of a current

2.What led Franklin to talk with U.S. captains?

A. U.S. ships were longer than British ones.

B. British ships could sail the Atlantic faster than U.S. ones.

C. U.S captains knew more about maps.

D. U.S. ships could sail the Atlantic faster than U.S. ones.

3.What did Franklin make after his talks with U.S. captains?             

A. A map of the Atlantic Ocean.     B. A map of the Gulf Stream..

C. A map of ocean currents.         D. A map of his first voyage.

4.What did Franklin do in order to make an exact map?

A. He compared his own map with other maps                              

B. He talked with many U.S. captains.

C. Both B and C.                          

D. He used drifting bottles to check his map.

Would you eat a ready meal from the fridge rather than cook from scratch (从头开始 )? Have you been doing internet shopping rather than going to the stores? What can't you be bothered to do?

A study into how lazy British people are has found more than half of adults are so idle they'd catch the lift rather than climb two flights of stairs.

Just over 2000 people were quizzed by independent researchers at Nuffield Health, Britain's largest health charity. The results were surprising.

About one in six people surveyed said if their remote control was broken, they would continue watching the same channel rather than get up.

More than one third of those questioned said they would not run to catch a bus. Worryingly, of the 654 respondents (回答者) with children, 64% said they were often too tired to play with them.

This led the report to conclude that it's no wonder that one in six children in the UK are classified as obese (肥胖) before they start school. 

    Dr Sarah Dauncey, medical director of Nuffield Health, said: "People need to get fitter, not just for their own sake, but for the sake of their families, friends and obviously their pets too.

"If we don't start to take control of this problem, a whole generation will become too unfit to perform even the most basic of tasks."

And Scotland's largest city, Glasgow, was shamed as the laziest city in the UK, with 75% surveyed admitting they do not get enough exercise, followed closely by Birmingham and Southampton, both with 67%.

The results pose (对... 提出) serious challenges for the National Health Service, where obesity-related illnesses such as heart disease and cancer have been on a steady increase for the past 40 years and are costing billions of pounds every year.

1.For the interest of country people should         .    

A. continue watching the same channel rather than get up to get the remote control

B. carry out even the most basic of tasks

C. get enough exercise to get fitter

D. admit they do not get enough exercise

2.Which of the following statements agrees with British people?  

A. They are fond of climbing the stairs.

B. They are willing to accompany their children.

C. They like sports and get enough exercise.

D. They are suffering from obesity-related illnesses.

3.What does the word "idle" in paragraph 2 mostly probably mean?   

A. active               B. lazy              C. optimistic      D. pessimistic

4.Which country is the writer most likely to come from?

A. America              B. China             C. U.K             D. France 

5. What's the main idea of the passage?   

A. UK is taking measures to get over laziness.

B. How lazy British people are.

C. British people are suffering from laziness.

D. Challenges for the National Health Service.

Spelling  5%

She hadn’t read the letter and so was unaware of its c______.

U______, my computer system broke down again.

He e______ us for hours with his stories and jokes.

You’ll need to c______ them of your enthusiasm for the job.

Traffic is bad, p______ in the city centre.

The competition attracted over 5,000 athletes r______ 18 countries.

The school has decided to adopt a different a______ to discipline (纪律).

There must be some m______ --- I thought I ordered the smaller model.

Despite the power cuts, the hospital continued to f______ normally.

Well, really and t______, things weren’t quite how she described them.

The most important use of drifting (漂流) bottles is to find ocean currents. When the position and direction of currents are known, ships can use the forward movement of a current or stay away from currents that would carry them off their course. Benjamin Franklin was one of the first to use bottles in the study of currents. He wondered why British mall ships needed a week or two longer than U.S. ships needed in order to cross the Atlantic Ocean. Franklin thought the Gulf Stream (墨西哥湾流) might explain this difference.

Franklin talked with captains of U.S. ships. He found that they knew each turn of the Gulf Stream. They used the current in every possible way. From his talks with the captains. Franklin made his first map of the Gulf Stream. Then he checked his map by using sealed (密封的) bottles. The map that he finally made is still used, with only a few changes, today. 

Why are drifting bottles used?

A. To determine the position of a ship                                  

B. To carry message across the ocean

C. To predict the direction of a ship.                                

D. To find the direction of a current

What led Franklin to talk with U.S. captains?

A. U.S. ships were longer than British ones.

B. British ships could sail the Atlantic faster than U.S. ones.

C. U.S captains knew more about maps.

D. U.S. ships could sail the Atlantic faster than U.S. ones.

What did Franklin make after his talks with U.S. captains?              

A. A map of the Atlantic Ocean.     B. A map of the Gulf Stream..

C. A map of ocean currents.         D. A map of his first voyage.

What did Franklin do in order to make an exact map?

A. He compared his own map with other maps                               

B. He talked with many U.S. captains.

C. Both B and C.                           

D. He used drifting bottles to check his map.