摘要：70．Which of the following statements is NOT true? A．The results of economic decisions can not always be predicted. B．Minimum wage can not always protect employees. C．Economic theory can predict the results of economic decisions if other factors are not changing. D．Economists usually have the same prediction about an economic decision. D In ancient Greece athletic festivals were very important and had strong religious associations. The Olympian athletic festival, held every four years in honor of Zeus, eventually lost its local character, became first a national event, and then, after the rules against foreign competitors had been waived, international. No one knows exactly how far back the Olympic Games go, but some official records date from 776 B. C.. The Games took place in August on the plain by Mount Olympus. Many thousands of spectators gathered from all parts of Greece, but no woman was admitted even as a spectator. Slaves, women and dishonored persons were not allowed to compete. The exact sequence of events is uncertain, but events included boys’ gymnastics, horse racing, field events such as discus and javelin throwing, and the very important foot races. There was also boxing and wrestling and special tests of varied ability such as the pentathlon, the winner of which excelled in running, jumping, discus and javelin throwing and wrestling. The evening of the third day was devoted to sacrificial offeringsto the heroes of the day, and the fourth day, that of the full moon, was set aside as a holy day. On the sixth and last day, all the victors were crowned with holy garlandsof wild olive from a sacred wood. So great was the honor that the winner of the foot race gave his name to the year of his victory. Although Olympic winners received no prize money, they were, in fact, richly rewarded by their state authorities. The public honor also made the strict discipline of the ten month training period worthwhile. In spite of the lengthy training, however, runners were known to drop dead from tiredness at the winning post. After an uninterrupted history of almost 1,200 years, the Games were abolished in A.D. 394, the Christian era, because of their paganorigin. It was over 1,500 years before there was another such international athletics gathering. The Greek institution was brought back in 1896 and the first small meeting took place in Athens. After the 1908 London Olympics, success was reestablished and nations sent their best representatives. In times of peace, the Games have taken place ever since at four yearly intervals.

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In cities with rent control, the city government sets the maximum rent that a landlord (房东) can charge for an apartment. Supporters of rent control argue that it protects people who are living in apartment. Their rent cannot increase; therefore, they are not in danger of losing their homes. However, the critics say that after a long time, rent control may have negative effects. Landlords know that they cannot increase their profits. Therefore, they invest in other businesses where they can increase their profits. They do not invest in new buildings which would also be rent-controlled. As a result, new apartments are not built. Many people who need apartments cannot find any. According to the critics, the end result of rent control is a shortage of apartments in the city.
Some experts argue that the minimum wage law can cause problems in the same way. The federal government sets the minimum that an employer must pay workers. The minimum helps people who generally look for unskilled, low-paying jobs. However, if the minimum is high, employers may hire fewer workers. They will replace workers with machinery. Therefore, other things being equal, the number of workers that employers want decreases. Thus, critics hold the opinion that an increase in the minimum wage may cause unemployment. Some poor people may find themselves without jobs instead of with jobs at the minimum wage.
Supporters of the minimum wage say that it helps people keep their dignity. Because of the law, workers cannot sell their services for less than the minimum. Furthermore, employers cannot force workers to accept jobs at unfair wages.
Economic theory predicts the results of economic decision, such as decisions about farm production, rent control, and the minimum wage. The predictions may be corrected only if “other things are equal”. Economists do not agree on some of the predictions. They also do not agree on the value of different decisions. Some economists support a particular decision while others criticize it. Economists do agree, however, that there are no simple answers to economic questions.
【小题1】There is the possibility that setting maximum rent may________.

A．cause a shortage of apartments
B．worry those who rent apartments as homes.
C．increase the profits of landlords.
D．encourage landlords to invest in building apartments.
【小题2】We can safely say that rent control_________.
A．will always benefit those who rent apartments.
B．is unnecessary.
C．will probably bring inactive effects in the long run.
D．is necessary under all conditions
【小题3】There will be the problem of unemployment if ________________.
A．the minimum wage is set too high..
B．the minimum wage is set too early.
C．the workers are unskilled.
D．the maximum wage is set for poor workers.
【小题4】The passage tells us about _______________.
A．the relationship between supply and demand.
B．the possible results of government controls.
C．the necessity of government control.
D．the urgency of getting rid of government control.
【小题5】Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A．The results of economic decisions cannot always be predicted.
B．Minimum wage cannot always protect employees.
C．Economic theory can help predict the results of economic decision if other factors are not changing.
D．Economists usually have the same prediction about an economic decision.

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阅读

阅读短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　In cities with rent control , the city government sets the maximum rent that a landlord (房东) can charge for an apartment．Supporters of rent control argue that it protects people who are living in apartments．Their rent cannot increase; therefore , they are not in danger of losing their homes．However , the critics say that after a long time , rent control may have negative (负面的) effects．Landlords know that they cannot increase their profits．Therefore , they invest (投资) in other businesses where they can increase their profits．They do not invest in new buildings which would also be rent – controlled．As a result , new apartments are not built．Many people who need apartments cannot find any．According to the critics , the end result of rent control is a shortage of apartments in the city．

　　Some theorists argue that the minimum wage law can cause problems in the same way．The federal government sets the minimum that an employer must pay workers．The minimum helps people who generally look for unskilled , low – paying jobs．However , if the minimum is high , employers may hire fewer workers．They will replace workers with machinery．Therefore , other things being equal , the number of workers that employers want decreases．Thus , critics hold the opinion that an increase in the minimum wage may cause unemployment．Some poor people may find themselves without jobs instead of with jobs at the minimum wage．

　　Supporters of the minimum wage say that it helps people keep their dignity (尊严)．Because of the law , workers cannot sell their services for less than the minimum．Furthermore , employers cannot force workers to accept jobs at unfair wages．

　　Economic (经济的) theory predicts the results of economic decisions such as decisions about farm production , rent control , and the minimum wage．The predictions may be correct only if“other things are equal”．Economists do not agree on some of the predictions．They also do not agree on the value of different decisions．Some economists support a particular decision while others criticize it．Economists do agree , however , that there are no simple answers to economic questions．

(1)

There is the possibility that setting maximum rent may ________．

[　　]

A．

cause a shortage of apartments

B．

worry those who rent apartments as homes

C．

increase the profits of landlords

D．

encourage landlords to invest in building apartment

(2)

We can safely say that rent control ________．

[　　]

A．

will always benefit those who rent apartments

B．

is unnecessary

C．

will bring negative effects in the long run

D．

is necessary under all circumstances

(3)

The problem of unemployment will arise if ________．

[　　]

A．

the minimum wage is set too high

B．

the minimum wage is set too low

C．

the workers are unskilled

D．

the maximum wage is set

(4)

The passage tells us about ________．

[　　]

A．

the relationship between supply and demand

B．

the possible results of government controls

C．

the necessity of government control

D．

the urgency of getting rid of government controls

(5)

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

[　　]

A．

The results of economic decisions can not always be predicted．

B．

Minimum wage can not always protect employees．

C．

Economic theory can predict the results of economic decisions if other factors are not changing．

D．

Economists usually have the same prediction about an economic decision．

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阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　In cities with rent control, the city government sets the maximum rent that a landlord(房东)can charge for an apartment．Supporters of rent control argue that it protects people who are living in apartments．Their rent cannot increase; therefore, they are not in danger of losing their homes．

　　However, the critics say that after a long time, rent control may have negative(负面的)effects．Landlords know that they cannot increase their profits．Therefore, they invest(投资)in other businesses where they can increase their profits．They do not invest in new buildings which would also be rent-controlled．As a result, new apartments are not built．Many people who need apartments cannot find any．According to the critics, the end result of rent control is a shortage of apartments in the city．

　　Some theorists argue that the minimum wage law can cause problems in the same way．The federal government sets the minimum that an employer must pay workers．The minimum helps people who generally look for unskilled, low-paying jobs．However, if the minimum is high, employers may hire fewer workers．They will replace workers with machinery．Therefore, other things being equal, the number of workers that employers want decreases．

　　Thus, critics hold the opinion that an increase in the minimum wage may cause unemployment．Some poor people may find themselves without jobs instead of with jobs at the minimum wage．

　　Supporters of the minimum wage say that it helps people keep their dignity(尊严)．Because of the law, workers cannot sell their services for less than the minimum．Furthermore, employers cannot force workers to accept jobs at unfair wages．

　　Economic(经济的)theory predicts the results of economic decisions such as decisions about farm production, rent control, and the minimum wage．The predictions may be correct only if “other things are equal”．Economists do not agree on some of the predictions．They also do not agree on the value of different decisions．Some economists support a particular decision while others criticize it．Economists do agree, however, that there are no simple answers to economic questions．

(1)

There is the possibility that setting maximum rent may ________．

[　　]

A．

cause a shortage of apartments

B．

worry those who rent apartments as homes

C．

increase the profits of landlords

D．

encourage landlords to invest in building apartment

(2)

We can safely say that rent control ________．

[　　]

A．

will always benefit those who rent apartments

B．

is unnecessary

C．

will bring negative effects in the long run

D．

is necessary under all circumstances

(3)

The problem of unemployment will arise if ________．

[　　]

A．

the minimum wage is set too high

B．

the minimum wage is set too low

C．

the workers are unskilled

D．

the maximum wage is set

(4)

The passage tells us about ________．

[　　]

A．

the relationship between supply and demand

B．

the possible results of government controls

C．

the necessity of government control

D．

the urgency of getting rid of government controls

(5)

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

[　　]

A．

The results of economic decisions can not always be predicted．

B．

Minimum wage can not always protect employees．

C．

Economic theory can predict the results of economic decisions if other factors are not changing．

D．

Economists usually have the same prediction about an economic decision．

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阅读理解

　　In cities with rent control, the city government sets the maximum rent that a landlord can charge for an apartment．Supporters of rent control argue that it protects people who are living in apartments．Their rent cannot increase, therefore, they are not in danger of losing their homes．However, the critics say that after a long time, rent control may have negative effects．Landlords know that they cannot increase their profits, so they invest(投资)in other businesses where they can increase their profits．They do not invest in new buildings which would also be rent-controlled．As a result, new apartments are not built．Many people who need apartments cannot find any．According to the critics, the end result of rent control is a shortage of apartments in the city．

　　Some theorists argue that the minimum wage law can cause problems in the same way．The federal government sets the minimum that an employer must pay workers．The minimum helps people who generally look for unskilled low-paying jobs．However, if the minimum is high, employers may hire fewer workers．They will replace workers with machinery．Therefore, other things being equal, the number of workers that employers want decreases．Thus, critics hold the opinion that an increase in the minimum wage may cause unemployment．Some poor people may find themselves without jobs instead of with jobs at the minimum wage．

　　Supporters of the minimum wage say that it helps people keep their dignity(尊严)．Because of the law, workers cannot sell their services for less than the minimum．Furthermore, employers cannot force workers to accept jobs at unfair wages．

　　Economic theory predicts the results of economic decisions such as decisions about farm production, rent control, and the minimum wage．The predictions may be correct only if “other things are equal”．Economists do not agree on some of the predictions．They also do not agree on the value of different decisions．Some economists support a particular decision while others criticize it．Economists do agree, however, that there are no simple answers to economic questions．

(1)

There is the possibility that setting maximum rent may ________．

[　　]

A．

cause a shortage of apartments

B．

worry those who rent apartments lose homes

C．

increase the profits of landlords

D．

encourage landlords to invest in building apartment

(2)

We can say that rent control ________．

[　　]

A．

will always benefit those who rent apartments

B．

is unnecessary

C．

will bring negative effects in the long run

D．

is necessary under all circumstances

(3)

The problem of unemployment will arise if ________．

[　　]

A．

the minimum wage is set too high

B．

the minimum wage is set to low

C．

the workers are unskilled

D．

the maximum wage is set

(4)

The passage tells us about ________．

[　　]

A．

the relationship between supply and demand

B．

the possible results of government controls

C．

the necessity of government control

D．

the urgency of getting rid of government controls

(5)

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

[　　]

A．

The results of economic decisions can not always be predicted．

B．

Minimum wage can not always protect employees．

C．

Economic theory can predict the results of economic decisions if other factors are not changing．

D．

Economists usually have the same prediction about an economic decision．

 查看习题详情和答案>>

In cities with rent control, the city government sets the maximum(highest) rent that a landlord can charge for an apartment. Supporters of rent control argue that it protects people who are living in apartments. Their rent cannot increase; therefore, they are not in danger of losing their homes. However, the critics say that after a long time, rent control may have negative effects. Landlords know that they cannot increase their profits. Therefore, they invest in other businesses where they can increase their profits(利润). They do not invest（投资） in new buildings which would also be rent—controlled. As a result, new apartments are not built. Many people who need apartments cannot find any. According to the critics, the result of rent control is a shortage of apartments in the city.

Some theorists argue that the minimum（lowest） wage law can cause problems in the same way. The federal（联邦） government sets the minimum that an employer must pay workers. The minimum helps people who generally look for unskilled, low—paying jobs. However, if the minimum is high, employers may hire fewer workers. They will replace workers with machinery. Therefore, other things being equal, the number of workers that employers want decreases. Thus, critics claim, an increase in the minimum wage may cause unemployment. Some poor people may find themselves without jobs instead of with jobs at the minimum wage.

Supporters of the minimum wage say that it helps people keep their dignity. Because of the law, workers cannot sell their services for less than the minimum. Furthermore, employers cannot force workers to accept jobs at unfair wages.

Economic theory predicts the results of economic decisions such as decisions about farm production, rent control, and the minimum wage. The predictions may be correct only if “other things are equal”. Economists do not agree on some of the predictions. They also do not agree on the value of different decisions. Some economists support a particular decision while others criticize it. Economists do agree, however, that there are no simple answers to economic questions.

There is the possibility that setting maximum rent may           .

         A．cause a shortage of apartments

         B．worry those who rent apartments as homes

         C．increase the profits of landlords

         D．encourage landlords to invest in building apartment

According to the critics, rent control             .

         A．will always benefit those who rent apartments

         B．is totally unnecessary

         C．will eventually bring negative effects

         D．is necessary at any time

Some theorists believe the problem of unemployment will arise           .

         A． if the minimum wage is set too high

         B． if the minimum wage is set too low

         C． if the workers are unskilled

         D． if the maximum wage is set

Which of the following statements is NOT true?

A．The results of economic decisions can not always be predicted.

         B．Minimum wage can not always protect employees.

         C．Economic theory can predict the results of economic decisions if other factors are not changing.

         D．Economic decisions should not be based on economic theory.

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