阅读理解

　　In a few years, you might be able to speak Chinese, Korean, Japanese, French, and English-andall at the same time．This sounds incredible, but Alex Waibel, a computer science professor at US's Car-negie Mellon University(CMU)and Germany's University of Karlsruhe, announced last week that it may soon be reality．He and his team have invented software and hardware that could make it far easier forpeople who speak different languages to understand each other．

　　One application, called Lecture Translation, can easily translate a speech from one language into an-other．Current translation technologies typically limit speakers to certain topics or a limited vocabulary．Us-ers also have to be trained how to use the programme．

　　Another machine can send translations of a speech to different listeners depending on what languagethey speak．“It is like having a simultaneous translator right next to you but without disturbing the person next to you, ”Waibel said

　　Prefer to read? So- called Translation Glasses transcribe(转录)the translations on a tiny liquid-crystal display(LCD)screen．

　　Then there's the Muscle Translator．Electrodes capture the electrical signals from facial muscle movements made naturally when a person is mouthing words．The signals are then translated into speech．The electrodes could be replaced with wireless chips implanted in a person's face, according to research-ers．

　　During a demonstration held last Thursday in CMU's Pittsburgh campus, a Chinese student named Sang Jun had 11 tiny electrodes attached to the muscles of his cheeks, neck and throat．Then he mouthed-without speaking aloud- a few words in Mandarin(普通话)to the audience．A few seconds later, the phrase was displayed on a computer screen and spoken out by the computer in English and Spanish：“Let me introduce our new prototype．”

　　This particular instrument, when fully developed, might allow anyone to speak in any number of lan-guages or, as Waibel put it, “to switch your mouth to a foreign language”．“The idea behind the universi-ty's prototypes is to create'good enough' bridges for cross- cultural exchanges that are becoming more common in the world, ”Waibel said．

　　With spontaneous(自发的)translators, foreign drivers in Germany could listen to traffic warnings on the radio; tourists in China could read all the signs and talk with local people; leaders of different coun-tries could have secret talks without any interpreters there．

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阅读下面短文，从题后所给的A、B、C、D四个答案中选出最佳选项。

　　Everyone has good days and bad days．

　　Sometimes, you feel as if you’re on top of the world．But occasionally you feel horrible, and you lose things and you cannot focus on your schoolwork．

　　For more than 20 years, scientists have suggested that high self-esteem (自尊) is the key to success．Now, new research shows that focusing just on building self-esteem may not be helpful．In some cases, having high self-esteem can bring bad results if it makes you less likeable or more upset when you fail at something．

　　“Forget about self-esteem,”says Jennifer Crocker, a psychologist (心理学家) at the University of Michigan, US．“t’s not the important thing．”

　　Feeling good

　　Crocker’s advice may sound a bit strange because it is good to feel good about yourself．

　　Studies show that people with high self-esteem are less likely to be depressed, anxious, shy, or lonely than those with low self-esteem．

　　But, after reviewing about 18,000 studies on self-esteem, Roy Baumeister, a psychologist at Florida State University, has found that building up your self-esteem will not necessarily make you a better person．

　　He believes that violent and wicked (邪恶的) people often have the highest self-esteem of all．He also said：”There’s no evidence that kids with high self-esteem do better in school．”

　　Problems

　　All types of people have problems．People with high self-esteem can have big egos (自我) that can make them less likeable to their peers (同龄人), said Kathleen Vohs, a psychology professor at Columbia University．

　　People with high self-esteem tend to think more of themselves, Vohs says．People with low self-esteem are more likely to rely on their friends when they need help．

　　What to do

　　Researchers say it is best to listen to and support other people．Find positive ways to contribute to society．If you fail at something try to learn from the experience．“The best therapy (药方) is to recognize your faults,”Vohs says．“It’s OK to say, ‘I’m not so good at that,’ and then move on．”

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阅读下面短文，从题后所给的A、B、C、D四个答案中选出最佳选项。

　　Everyone has good days and bad days．

　　Sometimes, you feel as if you’re on top of the world．But occasionally you feel horrible, and you lose things and you cannot focus on your schoolwork．

　　For more than 20 years, scientists have suggested that high self－esteem(自尊)is the key to success．Now, new research shows that focusing just on building self－esteem may not be helpful．In some cases, having high self－esteem can bring bad results if it makes you less likeable or more upset when you fail at something．

　　“Forget about self－esteem,”says Jennifer Crocker, a psychologist(心理学家)at the University of Michigan, US．“It’s not the important thing．”

　　Feeling good

　　Crocker’s advice may sound a bit strange because it is good to feel good about yourself．

　　Studies show that people with high self－esteem are less likely to be depressed, anxious, shy, or lonely than those with low self－esteem．

　　But, after reviewing about 18,000 studies on self－esteem, Roy Baumeister, a psychologist at Florida State University, has found that building up your self－esteem will not necessarily make you a better person．

　　He believes that violent and wicked(邪恶的)people often have the highest self－esteem of all．He also said：”There’s no evidence that kids with high self－esteem do better in school．”

　　Problems

　　All types of people have problems．People with high self－esteem can have big egos(自我)that can make them less likeable to their peers(同龄人), said Kathleen Vohs, a psychology professor at Columbia University．

　　People with high self－esteem tend to think more of themselves, Vohs says．People with low self－esteem are more likely to rely on their friends when they need help．

　　What to do

　　Researchers say it is best to listen to and support other people．Find positive ways to contribute to society．If you fail at something try to learn from the experience．“The best therapy(药方)is to recognize your faults,”Vohs says．“It’s OK to say, ‘I’m not so good at that,’ and then move on．”

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阅读短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中选出最佳选项。

　　Having one of those days－or weeks－when everything seems to annoy you? Even if you do nothing about it, your bad mood will probably go away after some time．But with a little effort, you can forget it much faster－often within a day or two．

　　Exercise is the most popular bad - mood buster．A person who’s in a bad mood has low energy and high tension．Taking a fast ten - minute walk, or doing some quick exercises can do wonders towards changing that bad mood．

　　Listening to your favorite music for a while can also make tensions go away quickly, because music starts associations with past positive experiences we’ve had．

　　Stop and listen to what’s on your mind．Bad moods are often started by too many negative thoughts．Write them all down on paper; the pessimistic(悲观的)messages you’ve been giving yourself and then give optimistic answers．(“I still don’t have - ajob．” vs．“I have two interviews next week．”)

　　Relaxation techniques are wonderful mood - lifters．These include deep breathing, stretching and visualizing(想像), all of which sound complicated but aren’t．One easy way to visualize：close your eyes and picture a favorite place, such as the beach．Another simple way to distress is to make a to - do list．One reason for being in a bad mood is feeling you have no options(选择)．By taking control over certain areas, you realize you’re not helpless．You can make changes in your mood and life．

　　TV may not help much：you need to increase your energy level and stimulate(激活)your mind－something that the TV show “Neighbors” won’t do．And before you reach for that piece of cake and coffee, think about how mood and food are linked．Sugar and caffeine contribute to depressed moods．The better choice? Research shows that carbohydrates, such as potatoes and pasta, produce a calming effects in people who have a desire for them．

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