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WASHINGTON－According to statistics compiled by the Federal Bureau of Investigation, 72 officers were killed by criminals in 2011, increased markedly in recently years．
The 2011 deaths were the first time that more officers were killed by suspects than car accidents．The number was the highest in nearly two decades, excluding those who died in the Sept．11 attacks in 2001 and the Oklahoma City bombing in 1995．
While the F．B．I．and other law enforcement(执行)officials cannot fully explain the reasons for the rise in officer homicides, they are clear about the terrible consequences．
“In this law enforcement job, when you pin this badge on and go out on calls, when you leave home, you can't guarantee that you will come back,” said Sheriff Ray Foster of Buchanan County, Va．
After a series of killings in early 2011, Attorney General Eric H．Holder Jr．asked federal authorities to work with local police departments to try to come up with solutions to the problem．
The F．B．I．, which has tracked officer deaths since 1937, paid for a study conducted by John Jay College that found that in many cases the officers were trying to arrest or stop a suspect who had previously been arrested for a violent crime．
That prompted the F．B．I．to change what information it will provide to local police departments, the officials said．Starting this year, when police officers stop a car and call its license plate into the F．B．I．'s database, they will be told whether the owner of the vehicle has a violent history．Through the first three months of this year, the number of police fatalities has dropped, though it is unclear why．
Some law enforcement officials believe that techniques pioneered by the New York Police Department over the past two decades and adopted by other departments may have put officers at greater risk by encouraging them to conduct more street stops and to seek out and confront(对抗)suspects who seem likely to be armed．In New York and elsewhere, police officials moved more officers into crime-ridden areas．
Some argue that the rise in violence is linked to the tough economy．With less money, police departments, after years of staffing increases, have been forced to make cutbacks(削减)．
The police chief in Camden, N．J．, J．Scott Thomson, whose force of 400 was cut by nearly half last year because of financing issues, said that having fewer officers on the street “makes it that much more difficult to create an environment in which criminals do not feel as encouraged to attack another person, let alone a law enforcement officer．”
“Every stop can be potentially fatal, so we are trying to make sure the officers are ready and prepared to face deadly force every single day they go out．” Ms．Klimt said．
阅读理解
The police in a big city were searching for a thief. At last they caught him. But while they were taking photos of him from the front, from the left, from the right, with a hat, without a hat, he suddenly hit the policeman and ran away. They tried to catch him. But he got away.
Then a week later, the telephone rang in the police office, and somebody said, “You are looking for Bill Cross, aren't you?”
“Yes.”
“Well, he left here for Waterbridge an hour ago.”
Waterbridge was a small town about 100 kilometers away from the city. The city police at once sent four different photos of the thief to the police in Waterbridge.
Less than twelve hours later they got a telephone call from the police in Waterbridge.
“We have caught three of the men,” they said proudly, “and will catch the fourth this evening.”
1．The police in the big city took ________ photos of the thief.
[ ]
2．Bill Cross was the name of ________.
[ ]
A．the thief
B．the man who phoned the police
C．a policeman
D．a bridge between the city and the town
3．The police were told that the thief had gone to Waterbridge ________.
[ ]
A．a week before
B．an hour before
C．twelve hours before
D．by twelve o'clock
4．Which of the following is true?
[ ]
A．The city police gave the wrong information.
B．The city police gave the wrong photos.
C．The town police caught three thieves.
D．The town police caught three people.
5．From this story we know that the police in Waterbridge ________.
[ ]
It's a small gas station that has snacks, drinks, cigarettes, and candies. The young man behind the counter knows his __36__ by name and what they normally want to buy. He treats children and adults with equal __37__. He reads science fiction behind the counter when business is __38__.
One day, three people rushed in and grabbed food off the shelves as fast as they could, __39__ not intending to pay for it. He hit the “panic button” , then went over the counter and __40__ the front door. It was obvious that they were homeless, and equally obvious that they weren't going __41__ with their ill?gotten gains. They __42__ the food and simply crowded together in panic—knowing the police were __43__ the way.
Imagine what they must have felt like when they were told they didn't have to steal if they were that __44__. “We have food in the back, expired (到期)but still __45__ to eat. If you need food, you __46__ have some.”
They were told to __47__ what they had dropped and put it back, and then asked to straighten out the mess. They were doing just that __48__ the police arrived. The officers were told the situation was under control and the police were no longer __49__.
This wasn't what they had __50__. They were being treated as human beings who could right the wrong they'd done. Shocked, they quickly followed orders to take turns and use the restroom to clean up.
Soon three __51__ people walked out with all the __52__ their arms could hold. They were __53__ that，if they needed to come back again, they were to ask and not just grab.
And then the young man went back to read until the next customer came in. He would be the __54__ person in the world to claim he was a hero. But he gave three people something they were in desperate need of—a __55__amount of self?respect and a little bit of hope.
36．A.friends B．neighbors C．customers D．passengers
37．A.respect B．pride C．wisdom D．privilege
38．A.slow B．busy C．heavy D．swift
39．A.bravely B．reasonably C．hardly D．obviously
40．A.opened B．locked C．closed D．broke
41．A.nowhere B．somewhere C．anywhere D．everywhere
42．A.hid B．lifted C．swallowed D．dropped
43．A.in B．on C．off D．by
44．A.anxious B．cautious C．courageous D．hungry
45．A.safe B．easy C．sweet D．unique
46．A.must B．can C．should D．need
47．A.hold up B．hand out C．pick up D．hand in
48．A.when B．after C．before D．since
49．A.popular B．necessary C．reliable D．important
50．A.wanted B．desired C．expected D．admired
51．A.dirtier B．cleaner C．cleverer D．quicker
52．A.money B．cigarettes C．drinks D．food
53．A.reminded B．warned C．ordered D．persuaded
54．A.first B．last C．best D．worst
55．A.large B．fair C．small D．full
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