翻译词汇。

1．advise    ________

2．collect    ________

3．bleed     ________

4．behave    ________

5．anxious   ________

6．in brief            ________________

7．apologize to sb. for… ________________

8．take care of         ________________

9．on one’s behalf      ________________

10．make a breakthrough ________________

Social customs and ways of behaving changes. Things which were considered impolite many years ago are now acceptable. Just a few years ago, it was considered impolite behavior for a man to smoke on the street. No man who thought of himself as being a gentleman would make a fool of himself by smoking when a lady was in a room. Customs also change from country to country. Does a man walk on the left or on the right in your company? Or does it matter? Should you have one hand in your lap(衣兜) or on the table? The Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also share a large number of social customs. For example, in both countries people shake hands when they meet each other for the first time. Also most Englishmen will open a door for a woman or offer their seat to a woman and so will most Americans. Promptness is important both in England and America. That is, if a dinner is for seven o’clock, the dinner guest either arrives close to that time or calls up to explain his delay（拖延）. The important thing to remember about social customs is not to do anything that might make people feel uncomfortable especially if they are your guests. There is an old story about a man who gave a very formal party. When the food was served, one of the guests started to cut his peas with a knife. The other guests were surprised or shocked, but the host calmly picked up his knife and began eating in the same way. It would have been bad manners to make his guests feel foolish and uncomfortable.

1. 1.

   If a man smoked in the room where a lady stayed, he would be considered as_____.

   1. A.
      a gentleman      B , a boss      C. a fool      D. a worker
2. 2.

   Which of the following is true?

   1. A.
      A respected man usually behaves properly
   2. B.
      social customs in some countries never change
   3. C.
      English people open the door for women while Americans don’t
   4. D.
      To eat peas with a knife is good manners
3. 3.

   The underlined word “promptness” means _____.

   1. A.
      to show respect for a lady    
   2. B.
      to apologize when you are late
   3. C.
      to invite sb to dinner        
   4. D.
      to do things without delay
4. 4.

   The writer tells us a story just to ______.

   1. A.
      amuse the readers      
   2. B.
      tell us how to avoid making others uncomfortable
   3. C.
      tell us how to eat peas  
   4. D.
      show that social customs and ways change
5. 5.

   Which might be the title of the passage ?

   1. A.
      American and British culture      
   2. B.
      Table manners
   3. C.
      Change old customs             
   4. D.
      Social customs    

第三部分  阅读理解 （共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项A、B、C、D中，选出最佳选项。

Social customs and ways of behaving changes. Things which were considered impolite many years ago are now acceptable. Just a few years ago, it was considered impolite behavior for a man to smoke on the street. No man who thought of himself as being a gentleman would make a fool of himself by smoking when a lady was in a room. Customs also change from country to country. Does a man walk on the left or on the right in your company? Or does it matter? Should you have one hand in your lap(衣兜) or on the table? The Americans and the British not only speak the same language but also share a large number of social customs. For example, in both countries people shake hands when they meet each other for the first time. Also most Englishmen will open a door for a woman or offer their seat to a woman and so will most Americans. Promptness is important both in England and America. That is, if a dinner is for seven o’clock, the dinner guest either arrives close to that time or calls up to explain his delay（拖延）. The important thing to remember about social customs is not to do anything that might make people feel uncomfortable especially if they are your guests. There is an old story about a man who gave a very formal party. When the food was served, one of the guests started to cut his peas with a knife. The other guests were surprised or shocked, but the host calmly picked up his knife and began eating in the same way. It would have been bad manners to make his guests feel foolish and uncomfortable.

56. If a man smoked in the room where a lady stayed, he would be considered as_____.

A. a gentleman      B , a boss      C. a fool      D. a worker

57. Which of the following is true?

A. A respected man usually behaves properly

B. social customs in some countries never change

C. English people open the door for women while Americans don’t

D. To eat peas with a knife is good manners

58. The underlined word “promptness” means _____.

A. to show respect for a lady     B. to apologize when you are late

C. to invite sb to dinner         D. to do things without delay

59. The writer tells us a story just to ______.

A. amuse the readers       B. tell us how to avoid making others uncomfortable

C. tell us how to eat peas   D. show that social customs and ways change

60. Which might be the title of the passage ?

A. American and British culture       B. Table manners

C. Change old customs              D. Social customs    

Say sorry to your wife---it may help her live longer, according to scientists.
“Sorry” may be the hardest word, but scientists say it could be one of the healthiest. Researchers have discovered that women who receive an apology for hurtful behavior suffer less stress and possible damage to their heart than those who don’t.
It is said that the heartbeat of a wronged woman returns to normal 20 percent quicker after a well-timed “sorry” than without it. But for men, their heartbeat takes longer to recover, according to the research.
The research was undertaken by American scientists using 29 men and 59  women whose diastolic blood pressure was measured throughout an experiment. Diastolic blood pressure
is a measure of pressure in the blood vessels( 血管 ) between heartbeats---if it is continuously high it can increase the chances of heart attacks.
The men and women were asked to undertake a difficult mathematical task. They were told they had five minutes to complete it but were disturbed after a minute and told rudely to carry out the task more quickly. They were disturbed twice more before five minutes had passed and told to speed up. Finally they were told, “ You’re obviously not good enough.” Two minutes later researchers said sorry to half of the men and women.
The researchers found that, on average, the women’s diastolic blood pressure dropped back to normal 20 percent---quicker if they received an apology from the researchers, while the men’s took 20 percent longer to return to normal. One of the researchers said, “Results indicates that the effects of apology and forgiveness on women are greater.”

1. 1.

   The term “sorry” is considered as one of the healthiest words because it _________.

   1. A.
      is the most powerful
   2. B.
      can cure heart disease
   3. C.
      helps people forget hurtful behavior
   4. D.
      can reduce pressure and damage to the heart
2. 2.

   We can know from Paragraph 3 _________.

   1. A.
      women’s hearts beat faster than men’s
   2. B.
      women are quicker at making apologies
   3. C.
      men can forgive others’mistakes more easily than women
   4. D.
      men stay angry for a longer time than women after receiving an apology
3. 3.

   Which of the following is the RIGHT time order for events in the study?
   a. Half of them received apologies.
   b. They were disturbed a minute later.
   c. They were told that they weren’t good enough.
   d. They were asked to finish a math task in five minutes.
   e. They were disturbed two more times during the study.

   1. A.
      d-b-c-e-a
   2. B.
      d-c-b-a-e
   3. C.
      d-b-e-c-a
   4. D.
      d-c-b-e-a
4. 4.

   The research confirmed (证实) that _________.

   1. A.
      men are unwilling to apologize to others for their mistakes
   2. B.
      men’s chances of getting heart attacks are higher than women’s
   3. C.
      women can benefit more from receiving apologies than men
   4. D.
      people can also get healthy benefits from giving apologies