1970 was World Conservation Year. The United Nations wanted everyone to know that the world is in danger. They hoped that governments would act quickly in order to conserve nature. Here is one example of the problem. At one time there were 1,300 different plants, trees and flowers in Holland but now only 866 remain. The others have been destroyed by modern man and his technology. We are changing the earth, the air and water, and everything that grows and lives. We can’t live without these things. If we continue like this, we shall destroy ourselves.

What will happen in the future? Perhaps it is more important to ask “what must we do now?” the people who will believe in the world of tomorrow are the young of today. A lot of them know that conversation is necessary. Many are helping to save our world. They plant trees, build bridges across rivers in forests, and so on. In a small town in the United States a large group of girls cleaned the banks of 11kilometers of their river. Young people may hear about conservation through a record called “no one’s going to change our world.” It was made by the Beatles, Cliff Richard, and other singers. The money from it help to conserve wild animals.

There are fewer plants, trees and flowers in Holland now because________

A. There has been a lot of conservation in Holland

B. Holland does not need so many plants, trees and flowers

C. many plants, trees and flowers do not grow there any more

D. some plants, trees and flowers are dangerous

We shall destroy ourselves if we don’t change_______

A. The United Nations

B. modern technology

C. our rivers and forests

D. the government of Holland

“No one’s going to change our world” was________

A. an important book published in 1970

B. an idea that nobody would accept

C. a record calling all people to conserve nature

D. a rule worked out by the United Nations

What is the most important thing for us to do to save our world?

A. we should plant more trees and flowers

B. we should clean the banks of our rivers

C. we should know what will happen in the future

D. we should know what we must do and begin to do now

Great leaders are almost always great simplifiers, who cut through argument, debate and doubt to offer a solution everybody can understand and remember．Churchill warned the British to expect “blood, toil, tears and sweat”; Roosevelt told the Americans that “the only thing we have to fear is fear itself”; Lenin promised the war-weary Russians peace, land and bread．Straightforward but effective messages．
We have an image of what a leader ought to be．We even recognize the physical signs; leaders may not necessarily be tall, but they must have bigger-than-life, commanding features －- Lyndon Baines Johnson’s nose and ear lobes, Ike’s broad grin．A trade-mark also comes in handy; Lincoln’s stovepipe hat, Kennedy’s rocking chair．We expect our leaders to stand out a little, not to be like an ordinary man．Half of President Ford’s trouble lay on the fact that, if you closed your eyes for a moment, you couldn’t remember his face, figure of clothes．A leader should have an unforgettable identity, instantly and permanently fixed in people’s minds．
It also helps for a leader to be able to do something most of us can’t: FDR overcame polio; Mao swam the Yangtze River at the age of 72. We don’t want our leaders to be "just like us." We want them to be like us but better, special more so. Yet if they are too different, we reject them.
A Chinese philosopher once remarked that a leader must have the grace of a good dancer, and there is a great deal of wisdom to this. A leader should know how to appear relaxed and confident. His walks should be firm and purposeful. He should be able, like Lincoln, Roosevelt, Truman, Lke and JFK, to give a good, hearty, belly laugh, instead of the sickly grin that passes for good humor in Nixon or Carter. Ronald Reagan’s training as an actor showed to good effect in the debate with Carter, when by his easy manner and apparent affability, he managed to convey the impression that in fact he was the president and Carter the challenger.
The every simple truth about leadership is that people can only be led where they want to go. The leader follows, though a step ahead. Americans wanted to climb out of the Depression and needed someone to tell them they could do it, and Roosevelt did. The British believed that they could still win the war after the defeats of 1940, and Churchill told them they were right.
A leader rides the waves, moves with the tides, understands the deepest yearning of his people. He cannot make a nation that wants peace at any price go to war, or stop a nation determined to fight from doing so. His purpose must match the national mood.
1．The underlined word “yearning” in the last paragraph probably means_________.
A．love  B．trouble     C．desire       D．feeling
2．From the fourth paragraph we can learn that_________.
A．leaders usually look special or different
B．leaders don’t have to be tall
C．most leaders look ordinary
D．leaders should always have trademarks
3．According to the article, a leader_________.
A．usually tries to simplify our messages
B．tell us what we want to hear
C．encourages us to think about things in a new way
D．is usually confident and handsome
4．From the passage we can infer that          .
A．it helps for a leader to be able to dance or act well
B．great leaders are usually totally different from us
C．Carter was humorous and made good speeches
D．it is the people rather than the president that makes what a nation is
5．Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?
A．Want to be a leader?
B．What makes a leader?
C．What does a leader look like?
D．What must a leader do?

阅读理解

What must you do when you receive a present of your birthday? You have to sit down and write a thank-you note. The words "Thank you" are very important. We have to use them on so many occasions. We say them when someone gives us a drink, helps up to pick up things, hand us a letter, lends us a book or gives us a lift.

Another important word is "Please". Many people forget to use it. It's rude to ask someone to do something without saying "Please".  We have to use it when we ask for something, too. It may be a book or a pencil, more rice or more soup, help or advice. It may be in the classroom, at home, at the bus-stop or the counter. We have to use "Please" to make request pleasant.

We have to learn to say "sorry" too. When we have hurt someone's feelings, we'll have to go up and say we're sorry. When we have told a lie and feel sorry, we will have to use the same word. When we have forgotten something or broken a promise, we will have to explain with that word, too. "sorry" is a healing (和解的)word. We can make people forget wrongs by using it sincerely.

There three words are simple but important. Man had to use them long ago. We have to use them now. Our children will have to use them again. They are pleasing words to use in any language.

1．When we receive a birthday present, we have to ________.

[　　]

2．When someone helps us to do something, we should ________.

[　　]

3．One of the important words in any language is ________.

[　　]

4．We have to use the word "please" when we ________.

[　　]

5．The three important words in any language are ________.

[　　]

A．thanks  , hello and goodbye

B．yes , no and really

C．thanks , please and sorry

D．well , please and pardon

An old man lived with his family. The family would eat together nightly at the dinner table. But the elderly grandfather’s shaky hands and failing sight made eating rather difficult. Peas rolled off his spoon, dropping to the floor. When he grasped his glass of milk, it often spilled clumsily(笨拙地) at the tablecloth.

With this happening almost every night, the son and daughter-in-law became annoyed with the mess.

“We must do something about grandfather,” said the son.

“I’ve had enough of his milk spilling, noisy eating and food on the floor,” the daughter-in-law agreed.

So the couple set a small table at the corner.

There, grandfather ate alone while the rest of the family enjoyed their dinner at the dinner table. Since grandfather had broken a dish or two, his food was served in wooden bowls. Sometimes when the family looked in grandfather’s direction, he had tears in his eyes as he ate alone. Still, the only words the couple had for him were sharp warnings when he dropped a fork or spilled food. The four-year-old watched it all in silence.

One evening, before supper, the father noticed his son playing with wood pieces on the floor. He asked the child sweetly, “What are you making?” Just as sweetly, the boy replied, “Oh, I’m making a little bowl for you and mama to eat your food from when I grow up.” The four-year-old smiled and went back to work.

These words so struck the parents that they were speechless. Then tears streamed down their cheeks. Though no words were spoken, both knew what must be done.

1.Eating was difficult for the grandfather because ________.

A. his son and daughter-in-law didn’t like him

B. there wasn’t enough food for him

C. life was hard for the poor family

D. he was old and weak

2.The couple served the old man’s food in wooden bowls to ________.

A. show how sick they felt of the old man

B. make the old man’s food more enjoyable

C. prevent the old man from breaking more dishes

D. encourage their son to make more wooden bowls

3.What would the end of the story be like?

A. The couple gave their son a good beating.

B. No more milk was spilled by the old man.

C. The old man had every meal with the family.

D. The whole family started to use wooden bowls.

There are two kinds of physical activity which require special training. The first demands exact, careful movements of the muscles（肌肉）.This kind of activity must be strictly controlled because even a slight movement in the wrong direction will lead to a mistake. To type quickly, for example, a person needs training; the slightest movement of a finger in the wrong direction may cause a spelling mistake. A dancer who has to dance on the point of her shoes or turn around on one foot must be trained for a long period of time before she can sense her own center and balance herself. You may have seen a girl walking on a rope across an empty space, which, too, requires a lot of practice.
The second kind of physical activity needs greater strength or extra effort. Most of us get tired if we try to run half a mile without stopping, but a specially-trained person can do this without much effort. Three years ago, some scientists carried out experiments, which produced meaningful and unexpected results. They wanted to find out whether a certain amount of physical exercise would injure those suffering from heart problems. They selected some male patients and trained them in continuous bicycle riding. They were surprised to find that the harmful effect of a given amount of physical effort was actually less on the hearts of these trained patients than on those of the patients who were not similarly trained. This is important because it shows that regular physical exercise enables us to make better use of the oxygen we breathe in and that this training, in fact, reduces the amount of work our hearts do. Many tasks which are hard for untrained people are not hard at all for trained people.
【小题1】.  The first kind of physical activity must be strictly controlled because ______.

A．some male patients were asked to ride bicycles regularly in the experiments	B．the physical exercise had more harmful effect on the hearts of the untrained patients
C．the physical exercise was harmless to the male patients with heart trouble
D．the physical exercise could be helpful for the patients to take in more oxygen