leave out遗漏; 省略;忽略 leave out a letter漏掉一个字母 leave out the problem for the moment暂不考虑这个问题拓展: le——青夏教育精英家教网—

When I was twenty, I had to ___ before graduation and work in a clothes shop to help support my family.

A. drop out B. come out C. leave out D. stay out

One day, a farmer’s donkey fell into a dried up well. The animal cried 16 for hours as the farmer tried to 17 what to do. Finally, he decided that the animal was 18 , the well needed to be covered up, and 19 the donkey just wasn’t worth the 20 , so he invited his neighbors to 21 and help him bury the donkey in the well. They all held shovels (铲) and begin to shovel 22 into the well. At first, the donkey 23 what was happing and 24 cried pitifully. Then, to everyone’s 25 , he quieted down. A few shovel loads later, the farmer finally looked 26 into the well and was 27 at what he saw. 28 each shovel load of dirt that hit his back, the donkey 29 something surprising. He shook it off and took a step up! As the farmer’s neighbors 30 to shovel dirt 31 the animal, he would shake it off and take a step up. The donkey stepped 32 over the edge of the well! As with the donkey, 33 is going to shovel dirt 34 you, all kinds of dirt. We can get out of the deepest wells just by not stopping, by never giving 35 .

1.A. happily B. hardly C. sadly D. greatly

2.A. carry out B. think out C. leave out D. watch out

3.A. young B. small C. old D. large

4.A. rescuing B. killing C. selling D. buying

5.A. money B. effort C. praise D. time

6.A. come around B. come over C. come down D. come to

7.A. stone B. earth C. dirt D. soil

8.A. realized B. found C. heard D. saw

9.A. again B. ever C. never D. once

10.A. joy B. amazement C. disappoint ment D. excitement

11.A. off B. down C. up D. over

12.A. astonished B. sorry C. worried D. angry

13.A. With B. As C. For D. On

14.A. did B. had C. made D. considered

15.A. began B. stopped C. started D. con tinued

16.A. at the top of B. on top of C. at the foot ofD. in front of

17.A. luckily B. successfullyC. hard D. easily

18.A. life B. world C. time D. work

19.A. off B. on C. up D. down

20.A. up B. away C. in D. out

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I keep hammering this because I keep seeing people who don’t do it.

1. Look up English to Elvish.

2. Look up the Elvish word in the best Elvish dictionary you have, and, preferably, find out the context（上下文） in Tolkien’s language dictionary.

3. Change the word to suit rules of grammar: singular or plural, mutations, verb tenses, etc.

You cannot leave out any of these steps. If you do, you’re almost certain to have errors. Why you have to do step 2:

Languages never match up one- to-one. English and Elvish are closer than usual, but there are still problems. And English has strange idioms: why are there no baths or beds in public bathrooms or restrooms? You can’t translate literally（逐字地）. You have to understand the meaning behind each word.

In Elvish this is even more true, since our dictionaries contain more or less questionable reconstructions, and words that Tolkien later threw away or replaced. Find the best one you can.

Consider the word “fair”. We tend to use it to mean “just”. Tolkien tends to use it to mean “beautiful”. In Elvish, these are two entirely different words. So when you look up “fair”, you’ll have to go to the Elvish dictionary to see that you’ve got the right one.

Consider the nightmare（噩梦） of He left the bar. Is “left” the opposite of “right” （which also has two meanings） ? Is “bar” extruded steel（型材钢）, or something to do with law? You have to know what words mean in both languages.

And you’d be amazed at how many people ignore step 3, forgetting that language is more than a string of words, and there are rules about how to fit those words together. You can’t simply look up the word “I” and use it everywhere. Sometimes you need “me” or “my”. There’s a reason it takes a while to learn a language: you have to learn the rules.

It drives me completely mad when people give a questionable translation they insist is right because “it’s in the dictionary”. A dictionary is a tool, a resource. but its entries（词目）should not be mistaken for a finished product. They are raw materials.

The underlined word “this” in paragraph 1 refers to .

A. consulting the dictionaries when translating between languages

B. finding out the true meaning in context

C. ignoring the rules of grammar

D. leaving out some of the three steps the author mentions

According to the author, you have to do step 2 because .

A. you have to understand the meaning behind each word

B. Elvish and English are quite different in forms

C. there are no baths or beds in public bathrooms

D. Elvish has some words which are hard to find

Grammar is also very important because it .

A. helps fit the words together

B. takes a while to learn a language

C. is a rule to obey

D. is often forgotten in translating

In the last paragraph, the author shows .

A. his impatience to those who insist their wrong translation is right

B. his puzzle to the questionable translation

C. the importance of the correct use of dictionaries

D. the mistaken entries in the dictionaries

The passage is mainly about how to .

A. learn a foreign language with a dictionary

B. avoid errors when looking up a dictionary

C. understand the meaning of a strange word

D. use a dictionary to translate between languages

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阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从各题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

Here's a new warning from health experts: Sitting is deadly．Scientists are increasingly warning that sitting for prolonged periods — even if you also exercise regularly — could be 36 for your health．And it doesn't matter where the sitting takes place — at the office, at school, in the car or before a computer or TV — just the overall number of hours it 37 ．

Research is preliminary, but several studies 38 people who spend most of their days sitting are more likely to be fat, have a heart attack or even die．

In an editorial 39 this week in the British Journal of Sports Medicine, Elin Ekblom-Bak of the Swedish School of Sport and Health Sciences suggested that authorities rethink how they define 40 activity to highlight the dangers of sitting．

While health officials have issued guidelines 41 minimum amounts of physical activity, they haven't suggested people try to limit how much time they spend in a seated 42 ．[来源:Z+xx+k.Com]

"After four hours of sitting, the body starts to send 43 signals," Ekblom-Bak said．She explained that genes regulating the amount of glucoseand fat in the 44 start to shut down．

Even for people who 45 , spending long stretches of time sitting at a desk is still harmful．Tim Armstrong, a physical activity expert at the World Health Organization, said people who exercise every day — 46 still spend a lot of time sitting — might get more benefit if that exercise were spread across the day, 47 in a single bout．

That wasn't 48 news for Aytekin Can, 31, who works at a London financial company, and spends most of his days sitting 49 a computer．Several evenings a week, Can also teaches jiu jitsu, a Japanese martial art 50 wrestling, and also does Thai boxing．

"I'm sure there are some detrimental 51 of staying still for too long, but I hope that being 52 when I can helps," he said．"I wouldn't want to think the sitting could be 53 dangerous．"

Still, in a study published last year that tracked more than 17,000 Canadians for about a dozen years, researchers found people who sat 54 had a higher death risk, independently of whether or not they exercised．

Figures from a US survey in 2003-2004 found Americans spend more than half their time sitting, from working at their desks to sitting in cars．

Experts said more research is needed to 55 just how much sitting is dangerous, and what might be possible to offset those effects．

36．A．bad B．good C．mean D．dead

37．A．does B．occurs C．matches D．dies

38．A．advise B．talk C．suggest D．say

39．A．thrown B．caught C．seen D．published

40．A．biological B．physical C．psychological D．logical

41．A．commending B．mending C．recommending D．communicating

42．A．stand B．state C．post D．position

43．A．harmful B．careful C．wonderful D．skillful

44．A．head B．arm C．body D．foot

45．A．sleep B．rest C．walk D．exercise