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There has been a dramatic increase in the number of natural disasters over the past few years, and it is assumed that global warming and climate change could cause even more disasters in the future. Some of the world’s leading cities are facing disasters like floods and heat waves.
London
London’s flood defences are getting older. Since 1982, the Thames Barrier(水闸)has protected the city from the threat of flooding, but it was only designed to last until 2030 and close once every two or three years. About 26 years later the barrier now closes five or six times a year and according to Environment Agency predictions, by 2050 the barrier will be closed on almost every tide if the problem is not addressed.
There are 26 underground stations, 400 schools, 16 hospitals, an airport and 80 billion worth of property in London’s flood risk area, so large scale flooding would be disastrous.
Paris
Over a six week period in July and August 2003, more than 1 1,400—mainly elderly people—died in France from dehydration(脱水)and extremely high body temperature in a deadly heat wave. Heat waves of similar intensity(强度)are expected every seven years by 2050, so what can be done to make sure such a disaster does not happen again?
One solution is to have air-conditioners installed in elderly care homes. But this is considered a short-term solution, as the increase in demand for electricity also increases carbon emissions(排放).
In Paris the local authorities are encouraging architects to design new types of buildings such as the building “Flower Tower,” which uses a covering of bamboo to act as a natural air-conditioner.
Shanghai
Shanghai is the fastest growing city on Earth. It has a population of 18 million and is only 4 meters above sea level. Sea levels are predicted to rise by 20 cm within the next century.
An estimated 250，000 people move to Shanghai every year in search of work, placing extra demands on energy consumption. China relies heavily on coal—fired power stations, but these emissions increase temperatures and, in turn, warmer seas increase the risk of typhoons.
1.What problem should be settled now in London?
A．How to protect the city’s property
B．Where to build its flood defences
C．How to use the Thames Barrier to protect the city
D．How to improve the function of the old flood defences
2.Which of the following measures can’t solve the heat wave disaster in Paris?
A．Putting up new types of buildings with a covering of bamboo
B．Having air-conditioners installed in elderly care homes
C．Forbidding the city to build“Flower Tower”
D．Encouraging architects to design new types of buildings
3.The major threats to Shanghai are ．
A．increasing population and coal-fired power stations
B．rising sea levels and typhoons
C．extremely high temperature and rising sea levels
D．extra demands on energy consumption and typhoons
4.The purpose of the passage is ．
A．to tell us how to protect the big cities
B．to give advice on how to defend natural disasters
C．to explain what causes flood and heat waves
D．to warn us of the increasing natural disasters in big cities
5.Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A．Big Cities Facing Big Disasters
B．Big Disasters in the Future
C．The Increase of Natural Disasters
D．Solutions to Natural Disasters
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There has been a dramatic increase in the number of natural disasters over the past few years，and it is assumed that global warming and climate change could cause even more disasters in the future．Some of the world’s leading cities are facing disasters like floods and heat waves．
London’s flood defenses are getting older．Since 1 982，the Thames Barrier(水闸)has protected the city from the threat of flooding，but it was only designed to last until 2030 and close once every two or three years．About 26 years later the barrier now closes five or six times a year and according to Environment Agency predictions，by 2050 the barrier will be closed on almost every tide if the problem is not addressed．
There are 26 underground stations，400 schools，1 6 hospitals，an airport and 80 billion worth of property in London’s flood risk area, so large scale flooding would be disastrous．
Over a six week period in July and August 2003，more than 1 1,400---mainly elderly people―died in France from dehydration(脱水)and extremely high body temperature in a deadly heat wave．Heat waves of similar intensity(强度)are expected every seven years by 2050，so what can be done to make sure such a disaster does not happen again?
One solution is to have air-conditioners installed in elderly care homes．But this is considered a short-term solution，as the increase in demand for electricity also increases carbon emissions(排放)．
In
such as the building“Flower Tower,”which uses a covering．of bamboo to act as a natural
air-conditioner．
Shanghai is the fastest growing city on Earth．It has a population of 1 8 million and is only 4 meters above sea level．Sea levels are predicted to rise by 20 cm within the next century．
An estimated 250，000 people move to Shanghai every year in search of work, placing extra demands on energy consumption．China relies heavily on coal―fired power stations，but these emissions increase temperatures and，in turn，warmer seas increase the risk of typhoons．
56．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?
A．Big Cities Facing Big Disasters B．Big Disasters in the Future
C．The Increase of Natural Disasters D．Solutions to Natural Disasters
57．What problem should be settled now in London?
A．How to protect the city’s property．
B．Where to build its flood defences．
C．How to use the Thames Barrier to protect the city．
D．How to improve the function of the old flood defences．
58．Which of the following measures can’t solve the heat wave disaster in Paris?
A．Putting up new types of buildings with a covering of bamboo．
B．Having air-conditioners installed in elderly care homes．
C．Forbidding the city to build“Flower Tower”
D．Encouraging architects to design new types of buildings．
59．The major threats to Shanghai are ．
A．increasing population and coal-fired power stations
B．rising sea levels and typhoons
C．extremely high temperature and rising sea levels
D．extra demands on energy consumption and typhoons
60．The purpose of the passage is ．
A．to tell us how to protect the big cities
B．to give advice on how to defend natural disasters
C．to explain what causes flood and heat waves
D．to warn us of the increasing natural disasters in big cities
查看习题详情和答案>>The bored teenagers of Gaochun are impatient with the leisurely pace of hometown life. For them there
is no nightlife to speak of, no bright lights, no excitement and they cannot wait to grow up and leave for the
urban attractions of the big cities. But it is this laid-back lifestyle that has attracted international attention. At
least, a quiet village within Gaochun county has come under the spotlight. Yaxi village, population 20,000, is
about to be designated China's first "slow city" by Cittaslow, the sustainable lifestyle movement that first
surfaced in Italy 11 years ago.
At home, the residents at Yaxi are unfazed and pretty much unimpressed by the honor. To them, life has
been like this for as long as they can remember. Here, growing old gracefully is natural.
Nobody living in this little county had heard of Cittaslow or the words "slow city" before this.
"The first time I heard the term was last July, when the vice- president of Cittaslow, Angelo Vassallo,
visited Yaxi village," says Zuo Niansheng, the chief editor of local newspaper Gaochun Today.
"Vassallo was deeply impressed by this village's natural and cultural resources and said it perfectly fitted
the requirements for a slow city," says Zuo. That was how Yaxi became connected with Cittaslow.
The Slow City must also be committed to protect and maintain the natural environment as well as promote
a sustainable way of development, all of which are the current strategies adopted in Gaochun. "We've been
doing this for years," adds Zuo.
Cittaslow was founded in Tuscany, ltaly in 1999. It was a spin- off from the Slow Food Movement which
started, also in Italy, in 1986 as a protest against the first McDonald's opening near the Spanish Steps in Rome.
The movement championed a return to healthy, nutritious home-grown, home-cooked foods.
Slow Food has expanded globally to more than 130 countries. Its mission has also broadened to include the
promotion of sustainable foods and local small businesses, and the localization as opposed to globalization of
food production.
Cittaslow is an expansion of the Slow Food Movement, and it actively advocates a lifestyle that is
sustainable, and that will improve quality of life, mid will preserve cultural and culinary (烹饪的) heritage.
B. person
C. lifestyle
D. honor
B. Very shocked.
C. Indifferent.
D. Very happy.
B. Because the residents at Yaxi enjoy a leisure life.
C. Because it is very rich and has a lot of attractions.
D. Because foreign people prefer to small towns.
B. China is more and more popular with foreign people
C. the first McDonald's in Europe was opened in Spain
D. the lifestyle of"slow city" will be good to environment and people
a. have less and low-speed traffic
b. be environmentally friendly
c. keep the natural state of the town
d. stop the traditional ways of doing things
e. have a population within 50, 000
B. a, b and c.
C. b, c and e.
D. c, d and e.
B. control the population of big cities
C. give people more time to travel
D. improve quality of life
B. "Slow city" is a movement to eat slowly in Italian cities.
C. The slow city movement has a long history of over 20 years.
D. Only some cities can be considered slow ones
B. people begin to think about the negative effects of city development
C. people are tired of living in urban areas due to great pressure
D. people need to try a new adventurous style of life
B. Slow cities in the world
C. Slow cities and the slow city movement
D. How can we make our city a slow city?
When you go shopping，you are given at least one plastic bag to carry what you’ve bought.They are so common that we don’t often give them a second thought.But the beginning of the end may have come for the plastic bag.
A small town in Tasmania，an island off the south coast of mainland Australia，is making itself an environmental role model (模范) by becoming the country’s first plasticbagfree town.
Since April 28，Coles Bay’s population of 175 and its tourist shoppers have been using reusable paper or cloth bags to carry their shopping.
Coles Bay sits on the edge of the beautiful Freycinet national park.Around 180,000 tourists pass through the town and the park every year.
Ben Kearney，a local businessman who supports the bag ban，said it would cut the amount of waste and prevent damage to native wildlife who try to eat the plastic.
“Most of the business here comes from the tourism and that’s all based on the environment，so people were pretty supportive.”he said.
Every year Australians use more than 6 million plastic bags.More than half of these come from supermarkets.Since_it_takes_years_for_the_bags_to_biodegrade_(生物分解)，tens_of_millions_end_up_polluting_the_environment.They kill about 100,000 seabirds and animals，which mistake the bags for food，every year.
Only in the past few months have major Australian supermarkets begun cutting down on their use of plastic bags.Environmental groups are pushing for a plastic bag fee (费) like that in Ireland.There，since plastic bags cost 10 pence (about 1 yuan) each，their use has been cut by 90 percent.
Pollution caused by plastic bags is a big headache for countries all over the world.As early as 1999，Beijing said that only plastic bags of certain thickness could be used.This was to encourage them to be used again and again.In China’s capital alone，an average of 6 million plastic bags are used every single day.
36．What’s meant by“the beginning of the end may have come for the plastic bag”in the first paragraph?
A．It’s possible for the war against plastic bag use to have been started.
B．It’s likely that plastic bag use has been stopped.
C．It won’t be long before an end is put to plastic bag use.
D．Once started，plastic bag use will never end.
37．We can know from the passage that Coles Bay________.
A．is a small coastal city
B. is a place where you can see far more visitors than natives
C. was the first to offer plastic bags to shoppers free of charge
D．is a place where reusable plastic bags are used
38．According to Ben Kearney，the natives welcome the change in bag use because they________.
A．need to make money
B．are short of energy supply
C．don’t want to waste money
D．want to do something good for mankind
39．Judging from the underlined sentence in the Paragraph 7，“end up doing sth.” means“________”．
A．stop doing sth. B．begin doing sth.
C．do sth.as a result D．disappear while doing sth.
40．Which country or area is more polluted by plastic bags than the others?
A．Ireland. B．Mainland Australia.
C．Coles Bay. D．Beijing.
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