第三部分：阅读理解 （共20小题，每小题2分，满分40分）

第一节：(共15小题，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Children start out as natural scientists, eager to look into the world around them. Helping them enjoy science can be easy: there’s no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab equipment. You only have to share your children’s curiosity. Firstly, listen to their questions. I once visited a classroom of seven-year-olds to talk about science as a job. The children asked me “textbook questions” about schooling, salary and whether I liked my job. When I finished answering, we sat facing one another in silence. Finally I said, “Now that we’re finished with your lists, do you have questions of your own about science?”

After a long pause, a boy raised his hand, “Have you ever seen a grasshopper(蚱蜢) eat? When I try eating leaves like that, I get a stomachache. Why?”

This began a set of questions that lasted nearly two hours.

Secondly, give them time to think. Studies over the past 30 years have shown that, after asking a question, adults typically wait only one second or less for an answer, no time for a child to think. When adults increase their “wait time” to three seconds or more, children give more logical(符合逻辑的), complete and creative answers.

Thirdly, watch your language. Once you have a child involved in a science discussion, don’t jump in with “That’s right” or “Very good”. These words work well when it comes to encouraging good behavior. But in talking about science, quick praise can signal that discussion is over. Instead, keep things going by saying “That’s interesting” or “I’d never thought of it that way before”, or coming up with more questions or ideas.

Never push a child to “Think”. It doesn’t make sense, children are always thinking, without your telling them to. What’s more, this can turn a conversation into a performance. The child will try to find the answer you want, in as few words as possible, so that he will be a smaller target(目标) for your disagreement.

Lastly, show, don’t tell. Real-life impressions of nature are far more impressive than any lesson children can learn from a book or a television program. Let children look at their fingertips through a magnifying glass(放大镜), and they’ll understand why you want them to wash before dinner. Rather than saying that water evaporates(蒸发), set a pot of water to boil and let them watch the water level drop.

26. According to the passage, children are natural scientists, and to raise their interest, the most important thing for adults to do is _______.

A. to let them see the world around  

B. to share the children’s curiosity

C. to explain difficult phrases about science

D. to supply the children with lab equipment

27. In the last sentence of the first paragraph, the word “lists” could best be replaced by ______.

A. any questions                                        B. any problems

C. questions from textbooks                    D. any number of questions

28. According to the passage, children can answer questions in a more logical, complete and creative way if adults ________.

A. ask them to answer quickly

B. wait for one or two seconds after a question

C. tell them to answer the next day

D. wait at least for three seconds after a question

29. In which of the following paragraph(s) does the author tell us what to say to encourage children in a science discussion?

A. The second and third.                    B. The fourth and fifth.

C. The fifth and sixth.                      D. The seventh.

30. The author mentions all of the following techniques for adults to share with their children’s curiosity EXCEPT that adults should ________.

A. tell their children stories instead of reciting facts

B. offer their children chances to see things for themselves

C. be patient enough when their children answer questions

D. encourage their children to ask questions of their own

Ⅱ阅读（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

      People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressions and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why.

      Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly (均匀的) across a face as Westerners do, Easterners fix their attention on the eyes.

      “We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions,” Jack said. “Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽略) the mouth.”

      According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed. As a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in cross-cultural situations.

      The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral. They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies.

      It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than Westerners did. “The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions,” Jack said. “Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less.”

    In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. From here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion. Otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation.

26. The discovery shows that Westerners _______.

   A. pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouth   B. consider facial expressions universally reliable

   C. observe the eyes and the mouth in different ways

 D. have more difficulty in recognizing facial expressions

27. What were the people asked to do in the study?

A. To make a face at each other.    B. To get their faces impressive.

C. To classify some face pictures.   D. To observe the researchers' faces.

28. What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 6 refer to?

A. The participants in the study.         B. The researchers of the study.

C. The errors made during the study.      D. The data collected from the study.

29. In comparison with Westerners, Easterners are likely to _______.

A. do translation more successfully       B. study the mouth more frequently

C. examine the eyes more attentively      D. read facial expressions more correctly

30. What can be the best title for the passage?

   A. The Eye as the Window to the Soul         B. Cultural Differences in Reading Emotions

C. Effective Methods to Develop Social Skills   D. How to Increase Cross-cultural Understanding

One Monday morning, the class were excited about the rumor that the science room was on fire over the weekend. Mr. Johnson, my fifth grade teacher 26 it and explained that science class would be cancelled due to the 27 . He also warned us not to go near the room 28 it could be dangerous.

During the morning break, Kim and I 29 to check out the damage. A first hand observation would make us heroes at lunch. We safely 30 the science room. We stood on tiptoes(脚尖) looking hard through the door window， 31 to see what was like inside when suddenly a firm hold on our shoulders stopped us.

“Where do you belong? Certainly not here!”

I turned around to find a teacher staring 32 at us, shouting. In those frozen seconds millions of 33 flashed through my mind. My father would kill me for disobeying teachers. 34 than that, my mother might be so mad that she might not stop him. My spirits 35 even lower when I thought of how angry Mr. Johnson would be. Soon the arresting teacher led Kim and me back to the 36 , leaving us trembling before Mr. Johnson .

But to our 37 , there was no yelling and no anger from Mr. Johnson. 38 , he bent slowly to look me in the eye. I was met with a look of 39 rather than anger. He spoke softly and carefully as he explained why he was 40 in my decision to go where I might have got 41 . As I looked into the eyes of the man who could send me to unimagined consequences at home, tears 42 up in my eyes. The thought of disappointing Mr. Johnson 43 me while I felt a gentle touch of Mr. Johnson’s hand on my shoulder. I glanced up and he smiled. My 44 for Mr. Johnson grew greatly in the moment I discovered that he still liked me even after I’d disappointed him. I could see that he cared more about my 45 than the fact that I’d broken a rule. It was the first time I had felt the power of forgiveness.

26. A. heard　 　　　 　 　　　 B. believed　　　　　　 C. confirmed　　 　　 D. studied

27. A. fire　　　 　　　　　　　　　　 B. rumor　　　 C. focus　　　　　 D. loss

28. A. unless　　　　　　　　 　　　 B. because　　 　　　 C. though　　　　　　　　　　 D. once

29. A. pretended　　 　　　　　　 B. asked 　　　 　　 C. decided　　 　　　 　　　 D. hesitated

30. A. entered　　　 　　　 B. found 　　　 C. examined　 　　　　　　 D. reached　　

31. A. hanging　　　　　　　 B. trying　　　　 C. happening　　　　 D. waiting

32. A. angrily 　　　　　　　　　　 B. patiently　　 　　 C. silently　　　　　　 　 D. curiously

33. A. excuses　　　　　　　　　　 B. thoughts　　　　　 C. words　　　　　　　 D. feelings

34. A. Easier　　　　　　　　 　 B. Less　　　　　　　　 C. Later　　　　　　　　　　　 D. Worse

35. A. flew　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. sank　　　　　 　　　 C. changed　　　　　　　　　 D. moved

36. A. school　　　　 　　　 B. lab　　　　　　　　　 C. office 　　　　　　　　　　 D. classroom

37. A. surprise　　　　　　 　　　 B. delight　　　 C. regret　　　　　　　 　　　 D. sorrow

38. A. However　　 　　　　　　 B. Therefore　 　　　 C. Otherwise 　　　 D. Instead

39. A. concern　　　 　　　　　　 B. guilt　　　　　 　　　 C. comfort　　 　　　　　　 D. complaint

40. A. frightened　　　　　　　　 B. puzzled　　　　　　 C. discouraged　　　　　　 D. disappointed

41. A. hurt 　　　　　　　　 　　　 B. burnt 　　　 C. lost　　　　　　　　　　　　 D. blamed

42. A. flooded　　　　　　 　 B. rushed　　 　　 C. welled　　　 　　　 D. rounded

43. A. shocked　　　　　　　　　　 B. shamed　　　　　　 C. bored　　　　 　　　　　　 D. confused

44. A. care　　　　　　　　　　　　　 B. hope　　　　 　　　 C. desire 　　　　　　 　　 D. love

45. A. safety 　　　　　　　 B. freedom 　　　　　 C. dignity 　　　　　 　　　 D. behavior

Life is filled with challenges. As we get older we 26 realize that those challenges are the very things that  27  us and make us who we are, it is the same with the challenges that come with  28 .                                                   

       When we are faced with a challenge, we usually have two  29 : we can try to  30  it off, or we can decide that the thing presenting the challenge isn’t worth the  31  and call it quits. Although there are  32  times when calling it quits is the right thing to do, in most  33  all that is needed is commitment and  34 .

       When we are devoted to  35 , it means that no matter how  36  or how uncomfortable something is, we will always choose to  37  it instead of running away from it. Communication is making a  38  for discussion and talking about how you feel instead of just saying what the other person did wrong.  39  you can say to a friend, “I got my feelings hurt.”  40  “You hurt my feelings,” you are going to be able to solve the problem much faster.

       In dealing with many challenges that friendship will bring to you, try to see them for  41  they are: small hurdles（障碍） you need to jump or  42  on your way through life. Nothing is so big that it is impossible to get over, and hurt only  43  to make us stronger. It’s all part of growing up, it happens to everyone, and some day you will  44 on all of this and say, “ 45  as it was, it made me who I am today. And that is a good thing.”

A. seem to          B. come to            C. hope to             D. try to

A. design            B. promote         C. direct           D. shape

A. success         B. pressure        C. friendship       D. difficulty

A. opportunities B. expectations      C. choices          D. aspects

A. beat             B. show            C. take            D .fall

A. comment    B. loss               C. trouble          D. expense

A. hardly       B. certainly        C. consequently     D. exactly

A. issues        B. cases             C. events           D. affairs

A. communication B. confidence      C. courage            D. consideration

A. everything      B. anything        C. something       D. nothing

A. doubtful      B. shameful         C. harmful         D. painful

A. keep         B. control          C. face            D. catch

A. chance        B. plan             C. topic            D. room

A. If          B. As              C. While           D. Unless

A. other than     B. rather than       C. or rather         D. or else

A. what           B. who             C. where           D. which

A. pass by       B. come across      C. get through      D. run over

A. serves         B. means           C. aims           D. attempts

A. look into      B. look for         C. look out         D. look back

A. Interesting   B. Surprising       C. Complicated     D. Hard