A 34-year-old mother has spoken of how she woke up thinking she was 15 years old and living in 1992.

Naomi Jacobs, from Manchester, was convinced she was still a teenager. In her mind, John Major was Prime Minister and George Bush Sr. was running the White House. She also showed how she screamed when a boy appeared and called her “Mum”. Mobile phones and e-mails were puzzling and Google, Facebook and YouTube sounded like made-up words, she said.

Ms. Jacobs, who had no memory of the years, was told by doctors that she had Transient Global Amnesia (TGA). She has now written a book about the experience which happened in 2008.

“I fell asleep in 1992 as a brave, very confident know-it-all-15-year-old, and woke up as a 32-year-old single mum living in a rented house,” Ms. Jacobs said. “The last thing I remember was falling asleep in my bed, dreaming about a boy in my class. When I woke up, I looked in the mirror and had the fright of my life when I saw an old woman with wrinkles staring back at me. Then a little boy appeared and started calling me Mum. That’s when I started to scream. I didn’t know who he was. I didn’t think he was much younger than I was, and I certainly didn’t remember giving birth to him. I began sobbing uncontrollably. I just wanted my mum. I couldn’t get my head around going to bed one night and waking up in a different century.”

TGA is a rare type of amnesia which can occur suddenly, affecting around three people per 100,000 each year. Fortunately, permanent memory loss is rare. Ms. Jacobs’ memory started to return after eight weeks.

Some people who often suffer from migraines (偏头痛) also appear to be more likely to have TGA. The cause of TGA is unknown. Some think that it may be caused by a temporary cut of blood flow to parts of the brain involved in memory.

1.When a little boy came to call her “Mum”, Naomi Jacobs was _____.

A．excited           B．frightened         C．worried           D．embarrassed

2.What was the last thing Naomi Jacobs could remember?

A．She was a brave and confident girl.

B．She met an old woman with wrinkles.

C．George Bush Sr. was elected President.

D．She fell asleep dreaming of a boy in her class.

3.According to the text, TGA _____.

A．is quite common                        B．is caused by brain injuries

C．results in permanent memory loss           D．causes people to lose part of their memory

4.What’s the main idea of the text?

A. Naomi Jacobs has a poor memory.

B. Naomi Jacobs gets an amazing career after TGA.

C. Naomi Jacobs wakes up with the memory of her youth.

D. Naomi Jacobs succeeds in overcoming the disease.

5.According to the passage, we know _______.

A．Ms. Jacobs’ memory returned to normal now

B．Ms. Jacobs often doesn’t remember things

C．Ms. Jacobs has not got married yet

D．Ms. Jacobs is very young now in deed

Recently we told you about a finding that more years of school could help students get higherscores on intelligence tests．That was the finding of a study of teenage males in Norway．Now，other research shows that physical activity may help students do better in their classes .

The research comes as educators in some countries are reducing time for activities like physical education．They are using the time instead for academic subjects like maths and reading．The studies appeared between 2007 and 2013．They included more than 55，000 children，aged 6 to 18．

Amika Singh：“Based on the results of our study，we can conclude that being physically active is beneficial for academic performance. There are，first，Physiological explanations，like more blood flow, and so more oxygen to the brain．Being physically active means there are more hormones(荷尔蒙)produced like endorphins(内啡肽)．And endorphins make your stress level lower and? your mood improved, which means you also perform better.”

Also，students involved in organized sports learn rules and how to follow them．This could improve their classroom behavior and help them keep their mind on their work．

The study leaves some questions unanswered，however．Ms．Stash says it is not possible to say whether the amount or kind of activity affected the level of academic improvement．This is because of differences among the studies .

Also．they were mostly observational studies．An observational study is where researchers do not do controlled comparisons．They only describe what they observe．So they might observe a link that students who are more active often have better grades．But that does not necessarily mean being active was the cause of those higher grades．

The researchers said they found only two high - quality studies．They called for more high-

quality studies to confirm their findings．They also pointed out that “outcomes for other parts of the world may be quite different. ”

Still，the general finding was that physically active kids are more likely to do better in school．Ms．Singh says schools should consider that finding before they cut physical education programs．Her paper on “Physical Activity and Performance at School”is published in the Archives of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine．

1.The passage mainly tells us that ＿＿＿＿

A．a research on physical education has been done by the researchers

B．there exists a possibility that physical activity leads to higher grades

C．the amount or kind of activity directly affects academic level

D．the research shows that the children aged 6 to 1 8 don't do sports

2.Which of the following is TRUE?

A．Being mentally active is good for academic subjects．

B．The more hormones you have，the more stressed you will get．

C．They have found many high-quality studies to prove the research．

D．The educators in the research think studies，not exercise，mean much to students．

3.The underlined sentence in Paragraph 7 probably means ＿＿＿＿.

A．good marks result from high-quality study

B．findings probably vary in different areas

C．physical activity will spread all over the world

D．academic performance depends on the surroundings

4.What's the purpose of writing the passage?

A．To call our attention to the sports at school．

B．To introduce all types of physical activities．

C．To represent the academic performance．

D．To improve students' health ．

Shyness is the cause of much unhappiness for a great many people．Shy people are anxious and self-conscious; that is, they are concerned with their own appearance and actions too much．Negative thoughts are constantly occurring in their minds: What kind of impression am I making? Do they like me? Do I sound stupid? Am I wearing unattractive clothes?

    It is obvious that such uncomfortable feelings must affect people unfavorably．A person's self-concept is reflected in the way he or she behaves and the way a person behaves affects other people's reactions．In general, the way people think about themselves has a deep effect on all areas of their lives．

       Shy people, who have low respect, are likely to be passive and easily influenced by others．They need faith that they are doing "the right thing"．Shy people are very sensitive to criticism．It makes them feel inferior（自卑）．They also find it difficult to be pleased by praises because they believe they are unworthy of praise．A shy person may respond to a praise with a statement like this one: "You're just saying that to make me feel good, I know it's not true．” It is clear that, while self-awareness is a healthy quality, overdoing it is harmful．

       Can shyness be completely got rid of, or at least reduced? Fortunately, people can overcome shyness with determination since shyness goes hand in hand with lack of self respect．It is important for people to accept their weakness as well as their strengths．Each one of us has his or her own characteristics．We are interested in our own personal ways．The better we understand ourselves, the easier it becomes to live up to our chances for a rich and successful life．

The first paragraph is mainly about______．

       A．the cause of shyness        B．the effect of shyness on people

       C．the feelings of shy people     D．the questions in the minds of shy people

According to the writer, self-awareness is______．

       A．harmful to people                B．a weak point of shy people

       C．the cause of unhappiness           D．a good characteristic

What is the shy people's reaction to praise?

       A．They are pleased by it．

       B．They feel it is not true．

       C．They are very sensitive to it．

       D．They feel they are worthy of it．

We can learn from the passage that shyness can ______．

       A．block our chances for a successful life

       B．help us to live up to our full development

       C．enable us to understand ourselves better

       D．have nothing to do with lack of self respect

When something goes wrong, it can be very satisfying to say. “Well, it’s so-and-so’s fault.” Or “I know I am late, but it’s not my fault; the car broke down.” It is not your fault, but once you form the habit of blaming（责备） somebody or something else for a bad situation, you are a lose. You have no power and could do nothing that helps change the situation. However, you can have great power over what happens to you if you stop focusing on whom to blame and start focusing on how to remedy the situation. This is the winner’s key to success.

Winners are great at overcoming problems. For example if you were late because your car broke down, maybe you need to have your car examined regularly .Or, you might start to carry along with you the useful phone numbers, so you could call for help when in need. For another example, if your colleague causes you problems on the job for lack of responsibility or ability, find ways of dealing with his irresponsibility or inability rather than simply blame the person. Ask to work with a different person, or don’t rely on this person. You should accept that the person is not reliable and find creative ways to work successfully regardless of how your colleague fails to do his job well.

This is what being a winner is all about---creatively using your skills and talents so that you are successful no matter what happens Winners don’t have few problems in their lives; they have just as many difficult situations to face as anybody else. They are just better at seeing those problems as challenges and opportunities to develop their own talents. So, stop focusing on “Whose fault it is”. Once you are confident about power over bad situations, problems are just stepping stones for success.

1.According to the passage, winners__________.

A．deal with problems rather than blame others

B．meet with fewer difficulties in the lives

C．have responsible and able colleagues

D．blame themselves rather than others

2.The underlined word“remedy” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to ________.

A．avoid             B．accept            C．improve          D．consider

3.When your colleague(同事) brings about a problem, you should _________.

A．find a better way to handle the problems

B．blame him for his lack of responsibility

C．tell him to find the cause of the problem

D．ask a more able colleague for help

4.When problems occur, winners take them as__________.

A．excuses for their failures

B．barriers（障碍） to greater power

C．challenges to their colleagues

D．chances for self-development

5.Which of the following is the best title for the passage?

A．A winner’s Secret                      B．A Winner’s Problem

C．A Winner’s Opportunity                 D．A Winner’s Achievement

Napoleon Bonaparte died on May 5, 1821, on the island of St. Helena off the coast of Africa. He was 51 years old at the time. When doctors examined Napoleon's body, they said that the former emperor of France had died from cancer of the stomach. That was the cause of death recorded in the official report. However, other doctors disagreed. One doctor who was present during the examination of the body said that Napoleon died of hepatitis（肝炎）. Other historians and medical experts have suggested that Napoleon died of syphilis（梅毒）, tuberculosis（肺结核）, or perhaps malaria. Now, after careful research, a British chemist thinks that Napoleon might have been poisoned -- not by a person, but by his wallpaper.

    Napoleon was sent to the island of St. Helena in 1815 after he lost the battle of Waterloo. He was a prisoner on the island. Although he had servants to attend to him, he had to live in one small building. St. Helena is a very wet island, so the walls of the building were always covered with mold. Napoleon became ill from spending too much time inside his house. Almost constantly he had a fever, chills, and felt sick to his stomach. He often felt pain in his shoulders and in his side. His skin turned yellow. He got frequent headaches, and he would become dizzy and vomit. None of the medicine that the doctors gave Napoleon seemed to help. They were not sure what was the matter. Finally, Napoleon was too weak to leave the house. One night, while he was sleeping, he went into a coma （昏迷）and died.

Many doctors who later reviewed the reports of Napoleon's illness found that the symptoms did not show a man who suffered from stomach cancer. It seemed obvious that Napoleon had died from some other cause. In 1961, a Swedish doctor examined some of Napoleon’s hair and found a high level of arsenic（砒霜）, a chemical poison. Was Napoleon murdered? It is doubtful. Arsenic was used in many types of medicine during Napoleon’s time, so he might have taken the arsenic as a cure for his illness. Then, in 1982, Dr. David Jones from England began to look into the mystery and suggested that Napoleon might have breathed in arsenic which was in the air of his house. In the 1700s and 1800s, arsenic was used to make a kind of green paint used on cloth and wallpaper. If the paint was used on a wet wall, the arsenic would go into the air. A person in the room might breathe that air. After studying the wallpaper in the room where Napoleon died, Dr. Jones found high levels of arsenic in the green paint on the walls.

The passage says that                      .

    A. a British doctor thinks he has found the cause of Napoleon's death

    B. many doctors have tried to guess the cause of Napoleon's death

    C. Napoleon could have died from poison

    D. all of the above

Why did Napoleon live on St. Helena?

    A. He owned the island.          B.  He was a prisoner there.

    C. His family lived there.         D. He liked the island.

Napoleon suffered from the following symptoms except __________.

   A. chills         B. fever         C  dizziness     D. bleeding

The official report said that Napoleon died of____________.

   A. cancer        B. a coma        C. mold        D. poison

According to Dr. Jones, how did the arsenic probably get into Napoleon's body?

   A.  He ate it.                 B. He breathed it in.           

   C.  He touched it.             D.  He drank it.