Of all the areas of learning the most important is the development of attitudes. Emotional reactions as well as logical thought processes affect the behavior of most people. “The burnt child fears the fire” is one example. Another  is  the  rise  of despots(独裁者) like Hitler. Both these examples also point out the fact that attitudes come from experiences. In the one case the experience was direct and impressive; in the other it was  indirect  and  cumulative(累积的). The Nazis got certain ideas largely by the speeches they heard and the books they read.

　 The classroom teacher in the elementary school is in a key position to influence(影响) attitudes. This is true partly because children obtain attitudes from those adults who they respect.

　 Another reason is that pupils are often curious about a subject in school that has only been touched upon at home or has possibly never occurred to them before. To a child who has previously got little knowledge of Mexico, his teacher’s method of dealing with such a unit will greatly affect his attitude toward Mexicans.

　　However, when children go to school with undesirable attitudes, it is unwise for the teacher to change their feelings by praising or scolding them. She can achieve the proper effect by helping them obtain good experiences.

For example, first-grade pupils afraid of policemen will probably change their attitudes after a classroom chat with the neighborhood officer in which he explains how he protects them. In the same way a class of older children can develop attitudes through discussion, research outside reading and all-day trips.

　　Finally a teacher must not constantly show her own attitudes because her influence can be no good if she has personal prejudices(偏见). This is especially true in respect to controversial(引起争议的) questions  on  which  children should be encouraged to reach their own decision as a result of objective analysis(分析) of all the facts.

1.. The passage mainly tells us _____.

     A. attitudes affect our actions

     B. teachers play an important role in developing children’s attitudes

     C. attitudes can be changed by some classroom experiences

     D. teachers gradually affect pupils’ attitudes by their attitudes

2.. In the first paragraph the writer gives us two examples to _____.

     A. show that attitudes come from experiences        B. compare with each other

     C. show all experiences are direct and impressive     D. tell experiences from attitudes

3..When children in school have unpleasant attitudes, teachers should _____.

     A. change their feelings by scolding them         B. think highly of their good attitudes

     C. help them by giving them good experiences     D. take no notice of their feelings

4..The passage specially states in the last paragraph that _____.

     A. direct experiences are more valuable than indirect ones

     B. what a child learns in school has already been introduced at home

     C. teachers can sometimes have a bad influence on children

     D. teachers should always cover up their own attitudes

A dog sheltered a newborn baby abandoned by its 14-year-old mother in a field in rural Argentina until the boy was rescued, a doctor said on August 22 (Friday).

    A resident of a rural area outside La Plata called police late Wednesday night to say that he had heard the baby crying in a field behind his house.

The man went outside and found the infant lying beside the dog and its six newborn puppies, Daniel Salcedo, chief of police of the Province of Buenos Aires, told CNN.

The temperature was a chilly（寒冷的） 37 degrees, Salcedo said.

    The dog had apparently carried the baby some 50 meters from where his mother had abandoned him to where the puppies were huddled, police said.

    “She took it like a puppy and rescued it,” Salcedo said. “The doctors told us if she hadn’t done this, he would have died.”

    “The dog is a hero to us.”

    Dr. Egidio Melia, director of the Melchor Romero Hospital in La Plata, told CNN that police showed up at the hospital at 11:30 pm Wednesday with the baby who doctors say was only a few hours old.

    Though the infant had superficial scratches (抓痕) and bruises (伤痕) and was bleeding from his mouth, he was in good shape, Melia said.

    The next morning, the child’s mother was driven by a neighbor to the hospital and told authorities the 8-pound, 13-ounce infant is hers, Melia said.

The teenager was immediately give psychological treatment and was hospitalized, he said. She has said little about the incident.

The child has been transferred to a children’s hospital in La Plata, 37 miles from Buenos Aires.

What does the underlined word “sheltered” in the first paragraph mean?

    A. protected      B. fed        C. watched      D. gave

According to the passage , which statement is true?

A. It’s hard for the infant to recover soon.

B. The puppies were running here and there all the time

C. The temperature was very high at that time.

D. But for the mother dog , the infant would have died.

How was the baby when he was found?

    A. He was seriously ill.                    B. He was dying.

C. He was in good shape.                 D. He lost a lot of blood.

What’s the text mainly about?

A. A baby was rescued by a dog.                           

B. A baby was abandoned by its parents.

C. How an abandoned baby was saved by doctors.     

D. Dogs are heroes to human beings.

In this age of Internet chat, videogames and reality television, there is no shortage of mindless activities to keep a child occupied．Yet, despite the competition, my 8-year-old daughter Rebecca wants to spend her leisure time writing short stories．She wants to enter one of her stories into a writing contest, a competition she won last year．

As a writer I know about winning contests, and about losing them．I know what it is like to work hard on a story only to receive a rejection slip form the publishers. I also know the pressures of trying to live up to a reputation created by previous victories．What if she doesn't win the contest again? That's the strange thing about being a parent．So many of our own past scars and dashed hopes can surface．

A revelation （启示） came last week when I asked her, "Don't you want to win again?" "No," she replied, "I just want to tell the story of an angel （天使） going to first grade.”

I had just spent weeks correcting her stories as she naturally told them．Telling myself that I was merely an experienced writer guiding the young writer across the hall, I offered suggestions for characters, conflicts （冲突） and endings for her tales．The story about a fearful angel starting first grade was quickly "guided” by me into the tale of a little girl with a wild imagination taking her first music lesson．I had turned her contest into my contest without even realizing it．

Staying back and giving kids space to grow is not as easy as it looks．Because I know very little about farm animals who use tools or angels who go to first grade, I had to accept the fact that I was co-opting （借用） my daughter's experience．

While stepping back was difficult for me, it was certainly a good first step that I will quickly follow with more steps, putting myself far enough away to give her room but close enough to help when asked．All the while I will be reminding myself that children need room to experiment, grow and find their own voices．

1..

What do we learn from the first paragraph?                 

A．Children do find lots of fun in many mindless activities．

    B．Rebecca is much too busy to enjoy her leisure time．

    C．Rebecca draws on a lot of online materials for her writing．

    D．A lot of recreations compete for children's time nowadays．

2..

What did the author say about her own writing experience?

    A．She didn't quite live up to her reputation as a writer．

    B．Her way to success was full of pains and frustrations．

    C．She was constantly under the pressures of writing more．

    D．Most her stories had been rejected by publishers．

3..

．The author took great efforts to correct her daughter's stories because ________．

    A．She believed she had the knowledge and experience to offer guidance

    B．she didn't want to disappoint her daughter who needed her help so much

    C．she wanted to help her daughter realize her dream of becoming a writer

    D．she was afraid her daughter's imagination might run wild while writing

4..

What's the author's advice for parents?

    A．A writing career, though attractive, is not for every child to pursue．

    B．Children should be allowed freedom to grow through experience．

    C．Parents should keep an eye on the activities their kids engage in．

    D．Children should be given every chance to voice their opinions

完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分。）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从所给出的四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

After listening to everyone’s concerns and problems, Professor Smith looked over at the hostess (主持人) and asked her if she could get a paper and pen for everyone in the room. She    36   a minute later, and brought some paper and pens.

“Do me a    37  ,” Professor Smith asked. “We’re going to try something and I    38   your cooperation. On the small piece of paper please    39   the 3 biggest problems you are facing in your personal life right now. Don’t write your name on it. We’ll keep it    40  .”

The group found the experiment    41  , not knowing what was to follow.

After everyone wrote down their problems, Professor Smith asked everyone to    42   their paper and put it in a small basket that was in the front of the room. There were    43   expressions throughout the room,    44   again, everyone cooperated, wanting to know what would    45   next.

Professor Smith shook the basket and then he    46   around the room and asked each person to    47   a paper from the basket. After he had done that, he sat back down and looked around the room.

“Friends,   48   the paper and read to yourself the problems that you    49  ,” Professor Smith said.

Then, Professor Smith    50   at the woman sitting on his left and asked, “Lisa, would you like to    51   your problems that you wrote down with those that you chose from the basket?”

“No,” Lisa said.

Next, Professor Smith asked the man sitting next to Lisa the    52   question. “Would you like to exchange the problems you wrote down with those that you chose from the basket?”

   53   the reply was “No.”

Professor Smith went around the whole room. Everyone had a    54   to answer.

Surprisingly, the answers were all the same — no, no, no, no…. Some people said that “I can settle my own problems, but I can’t    55   what I chose out of the basket”. Some people said “Wow — these make my problems look like nothing.”

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入的空白处的最佳选项，并从答题卡上将该选项涂黑。

It was a busy morning, about 8:30, when an elderly gentleman  in his 80s came to the hospital.  I heard him saying to the nurse that he was in a hurry for appointment （约会）at 9:30.

The nurse had him take a 1in the waiting area, 2him it would be  at least 3minutes  4someone would  be able to  see him .I saw him 5his watch  and decided, since I was 40 buy-my patient  didn’t 6at the appointed  hour ,I would examine his wound, While taking care  of his wound ,I asked him if he had another doctor’s appointment.

The gentleman said no and told me that he 7to go to the nursing home on eat breakfast with his 8.He told me that she had been 9for a while and  that she had a special disease, I asked if she would be 10if he was a bit late. He replied that she 11knew who he  was ,that she had not been able to 12him for five years now. I was 13and asked him,” And you 14go every morning, even though she  doesn’t know who you are?”

He smiled and said .”She doesn’t know me, but I  know who she is” I had to hold back 15as he left.

Now I 16that in marriages, true love is 17of all that, The happiest people don’t 18have the best of everything; they just 19the best of everything they have .20isn’t about how to live through the storm, but how to dance in the rain.

1.A.breath        B. test        C. seat           D. break

2.A.persuading    B. promising   C. understanding   D. telling

3.A. if           B. before      C. since          D. after

4.A. taking off    B. fixing      C. looking at      D. winding

5.A. very        B. also        C. seldom        D. not

6.A. turn  up    B. show off     C. come on      D. go away

7.A. needed      B. forgot      C . agreed        D. happened

8.A. daughter     B. wife       C. mother        D. sister

9.A late         B. well        C. around        D. there

10.A. lonely      B. worried      C. doubtful      D. hungry

11.A. so far       B. neither      C. no longer     D. already

12.A. recognize    B. answer      C. believe       D. expect

13.A. moved         B. disappointed     C. surprised      D .satisfied

14.A. only           B. then            C. thus          D. still

15.A. curiosity       B. tears           C. words         D. judgment

16.A. realize         B. suggest        C. hope          D. prove

17.A. agreement      B. expression      C. acceptance     D. exhibition

18.A. necessarily      B. completely     C. naturally       D. frequently

19.A. learn           B. make         C. favor          D. try

20.A. Adventure       B. Beauty        C. Trust          D .Life