摘要: The medical team is five doctors and ten nurses. That is to say, five doctors and ten nurses the medical team. A. made up of; made up B. made up of; make up of C. made up by; make up D. made up by; make up of

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Have you heard of snake robots? Scientists and doctors are already using tiny snakes that coil through the human body armed with sharp surgical tools to perform operations on hearts, prostate cancer, and other diseased organs. The snake robots that carry tiny cameras, scissors and forceps, and even more advanced sensors are being developed.

The next generation of the robots will be wireless, and will explore inside your body on their own--- not attached to any cables. For now, they are powered by cables that humans control. Experts say the day is coming when some robots will roam around the body on their own. But the experts in robotics say the new creations work best when they are designed for very specific tasks.

Howie Choset has been researching and building robots, particularly snake robots. He believes that his snake robot and others like it can help reduce medical costs by making complex surgery faster and easier. Choset says his new design is smaller and more flexible than earlier models.

The size of surgical robots allows surgeons to operate with far less damage to the body, helping the patient heal faster. Choset has also built larger snake robots designed for search and rescue, or just exploration. They can climb poles and trees and then look around through a camera in the head and slither through places that humans cannot reach.

“ We sent our snake robots into these caves in the Red Sea to look for evidence of ancient Egyptian ships,” he said. “ To me, archeology is like search and rescue, but everyone has been dead for 5,000 years.”

The doctors are very excited about the potential for surgical robots to do things that humans can’t do. The variety of sensors available for surgical robots keeps expanding. As they get smaller, maybe one day they will be able to test chemicals or blood in the body, or even the electrical connections in nerves.

1.What can we learn from the first paragraph?

A.The doctors carry out surgery using snake robots mainly for heart disease.

B.The doctors are very satisfied with the new snake robots during surgery.

C.Snake robots are completely free of human control today.

D.Other supplementary appliances will be added to snake robots.

2.Which of the following is true, according to the passage?

A.Snake robots are only used in the medical field.

B.Snake robots can reduce the patients’ medical costs.

C.Scientists are uncertain about the prospects for snake robots.

D.Scientists are forced to spend a lot of time researching snake robots.

3.How can snake robots work best, according to the passage?

A.When they carry tiny cameras, scissors and forceps.

B.When they are operated by experienced doctors.

C.When they are given a wireless function.

D.When they are designed for particular tasks.

4.Why do we know about Howie Choset, according to the passage?

A.He thought snake robots of different sizes can be used for different types of surgery.

B.He thought patients’ pain had been slightly reduced with the help of snake robots.

C.He also made snake robots for search, rescue and exploration.

D.He is very interested in researching ancient Egyptian ships.

5.The writers attitude towards the new technology is ______.

A.optimistic         B.doubtful           C.objective          D.negative

 

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Riding School:

You can start horse-riding at any age. Choose private or group lessons any weekday between 9 a.m. and 8:30 p.m. (3:30p.m. on Saturday). There are 10 kilometers of tracks and paths for leisurely rides across farmland and open country. You will need a riding hat.

Opening Hours: Monday through Friday: 9:00a.m. —8:30 p.m.

Phone: (412) 396—6754 Fax: (412)396—6752

Sailing Club:

Our Young Sailor’s Course leads to the Stage 1 Sailing qualification.You’ll learn how to sail safely and the course also covers sailing theory and first aid.Have fun with other course members , afterwards in the clubroom.There are 10 weekly two-hour 1essons (Tuesdays 6 p.m.—8 p.m.).

Opening Hours:Tuesdays:6:00 p.m.—8:00 p.m.

Phone:(412)396—6644    Fax:(412)396—6644

Diving Centre:

     Our experienced instructors offer one-month courses in deep-sea diving for beginners. There are two evening lessons a week, in which you learn to breathe underwater and use the equipment safely. You only need swimming costume and towel. Reduced rates for couples.

     Opening Hours: Monday and Friday: 6∶30 p. m.—8∶30 p. m.

     Phone: (412) 396—6312    Fax: (412) 396—6706

Medical Center:

The staff of the Medical Center aim to provide convenient and comprehensive medical care to students and staff of the university.The center is well equipped and the staff here are trained to deal with a broad range of medical problems.Both female and male doctors as well as nursing staff are available for consultation.Also,all kinds of medicines are sold here and are cheaper for students than other drugstores.

Opening Hours:24 hour from Monday to Sunday

Phone:(412)396—6649  Fax:(412)396—6648

Watersports Club:

We are a two-kilometer length of river for speedboat racing, and water-skiing, A beginners’ course consists of ten 20-minute lessons. You will learn to handle boats safely and confidently, but must be able to swim. The club is in a convenient central position and is open daily from 9 a.m. to 4 p.m. with lessons all through the day.

Opening Hours: Monday through Friday: 9:00a.m. —4:00 p.m.

Phone: (412)396—6899  Fax: (412)396—6890

1.If you want to swim and enjoy activities which are fast and a bit dangerous, you should  join _____    .

 A. Watersports Club    B. Diving Centre    C. Sailing Club      D. Riding School

2.If you want to experience a new activity in the countryside in the mornings, you may fax _____         

A. (412)396-6648      B. (412)396-6754    C. (412)396-6752      D. (412)396-6890

3.You want to do an activity one evening a week and get a certificate in the end, you can go to  _____ 

A. Watersports Club      B. Diving Center         C. Sailing Club         D. Riding School

4.Which is NOT the convenience that the Medical Center provides?

A. Good equipment.

B. Well trained staff members.

C. Various less expensive medicines.

D. Nursery for newly-born babies.

 

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C
Some children are natural-born bosses. They have a strong need to make decisions, manage their environment, and lead rather than follow. Stephen Jackson, a Year One student, “operates under the theory of what’s mine is mine and what’s yours is mine,” says his mother. “The other day I bought two new Star Wars light sabres(剑). Later, I saw Stephen with the two new ones while his brother was using the beat-up ones.”
“Examine the extended family, and you’ll probably find a bossy grandparent, aunt, uncle or cousin in every generation. It’s an inheritable trait,” says Russell Barkley, a professor at the Medical University of South Carolina. Other children who may not be particularly bossy can gradually gain dominance(支配地位) when they sense their parents are weak, hesitant, or in disagreement with each other.
Whether it’s inborn nature or developed character at work, too much control in the hands of the young isn’t healthy for children or the family. Fear is at the root of a lot of bossy behaviour, says family psychologist John Taylor. Children, he says in his book From Defiance to Cooperation, “have secret feelings of weakness” and “a desire to feel safe.” It’s the parents’ role to provide that protection.
When a “boss child” doesn’t learn limits at home, the stage is set for a host of troubles outside the family. The overly willful and unbending child may have trouble obeying teachers or coaches, for example, or trouble keeping friends. It can be pretty lonely as the top dog if no one likes your bossy ways.
“I see more and more parents giving up their power,” says Barkley, who has studied bossy behaviour for more than 30 years. “They bend too far because they don’t want to be as strict as their own parents were. But they also feel less confident about their parenting skills. Their kids, in turn, feel more anxious.”
46.Bossy children like Stephen Jackson        
A.make good decisions                                   B.show self-centeredness
C.lack care from others                                  D.have little sense of fear
47.The underlined phrase “inheritable trait” in Paragraph 2 means        
A.inborn nature                                             B.developed character
C.accepted theory                                             D.particular environment
48.The study on bossy behaviour implies that parents         .
A.should give more power to their children
B.should be strict with their children
C.should not be so anxious about their children
D.should not set limits for their children
49.Bossy children may probably become         .
A.relaxed                   B.skillful                   C.hesitant                   D.lonely
50.What is the passage mainly about?
A.How bossy behaviour can be controlled.
B.How we can get along with bossy children.
C.What leads to children’s bossy behaviour.
D.What effect bossy behaviour brings about.

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Hospital emergency rooms treat injured fingers all the time. Without treatment,a bad cut can lead to permanent damage. But how should a person know when a bleeding cut is serious enough to require medical attention? We asked Dr. Martin Brown. Chairman of the department of emergency medicine at Inova Alexandria Hospital in Virginia.   
First,the medical term for a cut or tear in the skin is a laceration(严重划破,撕裂伤). Dr. Brown says the length is usually not as important as the depth. He says a long cut on a finger can likely be treated without a visit to a doctor if the wound is not very deep. “If you have a short but deep laceration where there’s been a structure underneath that's been damaged a tendon,a nerve,a blood vessel,”says Martin,“it may, in fact,need professional attention. ”
Some injuries —like a fingertip that gets cut off might even require surgery to repair. That requires a specialist to either file(锉平) down the bone or reattach the fingertip. More often,filing down the bone is what is done because reattaching a fingertip is often not successful.
How a wound bleeds can be a sign of how serious it is. Minor cuts usually produce what is known as venous(静脉)bleeding. This means the blood flows steadily from the injury. The bleeding will often stop when pressure is put on the wound. Dr. Brown says in most cases holding direct pressure with clean gauze or a cloth for four to five minutes should stop the bleeding. With a cut finger, holding the hand above the heart can reduce the loss of blood. But if a cut appears to be pumping blood out with some force,this may be a sign of arterial(动脉)bleeding. This kind of injury should be treated by a medical professional as soon as possible.
Even a cut that does not require medical attention must be kept clean to prevent infection. Small cuts should be cleaned gently with clean water. Use a washcloth to clean the area if the wound is dirty. Dr Brown says cuts should be covered with a clean, dry bandage. 
【小题1】 What does the writer want to tell the readers in the first paragraph? 

A.Hospital emergency rooms always treat injured fingers.
B.A bleeding cut is serious enough to require medical attention.
C.Dr Martin Brown is in charge of Inova Alexandra Hospital.
D.It is important for us to be able to tell how serious a finger cut is.
【小题2】 According to the passage,_____________________.
A.a finger cut without treatment will certainly lead to permanent damage
B.the length of a cut on a finger is more important than the depth
C.a long but not very deep cut often doesn’t need professional attention
D.a short but deep laceration that’s been damaged need professional attention
【小题3】 The underlined word “reattach” in Para. 3 is closest in meaning to ________________.
A.repairB.rebuildC.reconstructD.reconnect
【小题4】 Which of the following statements in NOT true according to the passage?
A.How a wound bleeds can show us how serious the wound could be.
B.Venous bleeding will often stop when we put pressure on the wound.
C.Holding up the hand with a finger cut can reduce the loss of blood.
D.Arterial bleeding should get professional treatment as soon as possible.
【小题5】 The best title of this passage should be ______________________.
A.Hospital Emergency Treatments For Injured Fingers
B.When a Cut Finger Is More Serious Than It Might Seem
C.Serious Finger Cut That Requires Medical Attention
D.Keep Finger Cuts Clean to Prevent Serious Infection

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