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C
The curtain on the 2008 US presidential election finally rose last month as Requblican Senator(参议员) John McCain and Democratic Senator Barack Obama were formally selected as candidates of the two major parties.This may be one of the hardest decisions voters have to make between two appealing candidates.The big question for voters,as they face both an economic downturn and international threats,is :who will they elect? A young first - term senator promising change and new ideas,or a longtime senator with strong military experience and a reputation as a maverick(特立独行的人)？
American voters have never seen a candidate quite like Obama.He has a white mother from the US and a black fater from Kenya who left the family when Obama was very young.He spent part of his youth in Indonesia.
However,McCain has a very different life story.
He grew up in a Navy family and was a daring pilot during the Vietnam War in the 1960s. When Obama was in kindergarten in Indonesia,McCain's plane was shot down over Ietenam and he became a prisoner of war.McCain could have been set free if he disowned America but he refused and so was held for five years.
"We need a president who is very,very old,"McCain joked at his age as many others do.If elected,he would be 72 when he takes office and the oldest man to step in.
So in the end,the election may depend on several factors that are hard to judge:Will Obama's race matter to a significant number of voters ? Will workingclass whites who tended to support his primary (党内初选) oponent,Hillary Clinton,vote for Obama? And perhaps most important of all,will uncertain voters be more attracted to Obama's vision or to McCain's experience?
Whatever happens,one thing is clear,however:Whoever walks into the White House on January 20,2009,will find huge challenges waiting for him in the Oval Office,both at home and abroad.
64.______makes the result of the election hard to predict.
A.Whether working class whites care about Obama's inexperience
B.The economic trouble the country now faces
C.Who uncertain voters will finally decide to vote for
D.McCain being too old to govern the country
65.The appeal in Obama as a presidential candidate lies in _________
A.his multi - cultural background
B.his belife in tradition
C.his inexperience in politics
D.his fantastic promises
66.The word "disown" in Paragraph 6 means closest to ______.
A.flee from
B.turn his back on
C.not keep it private
D.expose secrets about
67.The challenges that will face the new preident______.
A.are not mentioned in the text
B.include buklding a strong party and a friendly image
C.refer to the problems of immigrants and economy
D.refer to the problems of economy amd international relations
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Last year, a report by a committee of education experts said that a lot of American students cannot write well. The report noted the concerns of business leaders and teachers. The experts said that more students should have to pass a writing test before they can finish high school. They pointed out that major college entrance tests are changing now to include a writing part.
Educators know that teaching students to write well is not easy. One problem is the amount of time needed to read through large amounts of work. So some companies have developed computer programs. These can grade student writing much more quickly than a person can. Writing tests can also cost less to carry out by computer than paper-and-pencil. These computer systems are known as e-readers. They use artificial (人工的) intelligence to think in a way like teachers. In the state of Indiana, computer grading of a statewide writing test began with a test of the system itself. For two years, both a computer and humans graded the student writing. Officials say there was almost no difference between the computer grades and those given by the human readers.
The entrance test commonly used by business schools, the GMAT, already uses e-readers. The GRE and TOEFL tests might start; officials are deciding. The GRE is the Graduate Record Examination. TOEFL is the Test of English as a Foreign Language.
Systems are also being used to grade writing in college classes. The computers read a few hundred examples of student writing already graded by humans. Then the systems compare new writings against those already examined.
How do teachers feel all about this? Many say machines can never do the job as well as people can. A computer can find spelling and grammar mistakes. But these teachers say it can never really understand what a writer is trying to say. Critics say a program cannot follow a thought or judge humor or understand a beautifully expressed idea.
But inventors of the programs say computer grading guarantees that each piece of writing is graded in the same way. They also say the systems are meant to judge knowledge more than creativity.
What do the teachers think of the computer system?
A. They think highly of the computer systems.
B. They think that computers cannot grade writing as well as people.
C. They believe that computers can understand a writer’s idea well
D. They are glad computers will spare their effort to correct students’ school work.
From the first paragraph we can conclude that _________.
A. American students’ writing ability is being improved
B. American students’ writing ability is not satisfactory
C. business leaders and teachers are not worried about students’ writing
D. all college entrance tests will include a writing part
Which of the following is NOT the advantage of e-readers?
A. Saving much of teachers’ time. B. Saving a lot of money.
C. Being fair and objective. D. Appreciating humor and beauty
The best title of this passage might be _________.
A. Computer-graded Writing B. Human-graded Writing
C. How to Improve Students’ Writing D. Advantages of E-readers
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Is bottled water better for you than tap? Or should you choose vitamin-enriched water? Experts say, skip it all．None of these products is likely to make you any healthier．Below, we look at four major myths about the benefits of drinking water． 1 Experts say there’s an easy way to judge．If you are not thirsty, your fluid intake is likely “just right”
Myth No 1：Drink eight glasses each day．
Scientists say there’s no clear health benefit of drinking so much water a day． 2 “Nobody really knows,” says Dr．Stanley Goldfarb, a kidney expert at the University of Pennsylvania．
Myth No．2：Lots of water equals healthier skin．
The body is already 60 percent water． 3 Adding a few extra glasses of water each day has a limited effect．“It’s such a tiny part of what’s in the body,” says Goldfarb．“ It’s very unlikely that one’s getting any benefit．”
Myth No．3： 4
A more accurate statement may be：Drinking water is a helpful tool for dieters．“Water is a great strategy for dieters because it has no calories,” says Madeline Fernstrom of the University of Pittsburgh．“So you can keep your mouth busy without food and get a sense of satisfaction．” But water is not magical, she adds．“Other zero-calorie options such as diet sodas are fine, too．”
Myth No．4：It’s easy to get dehydrated(脱水的)during a workout．
Dehydration sets in when a person has lost 2 percent of his or her body weight． 5 “It’s also obvious that individuals in hot, dry climates have an increased need for water,” says Goldfarb．“But for a walk in the park, no water bottle is necessary．”
A．So where does the standard advice come from?
B．But it’s unclear whether these changes are clinically significant．
C．So for a 200-pound man, this means losing 4 pounds of water．
D．Drinking extra water leads to weight loss．
E．Drink as much water as you can．
F．So, if you take a 200-pound man, he’s 120 pounds of water．
G．But first, how do you know if you’re drinking enough water?
阅读理解
A poor traveller stopped under the tree to eat the boiled rice and vegetables which he had brought with him. A few metres away , there was a small shop by the side of the road where a woman was frying （油炸） fish and selling it to travellers. The woman watched the poor traveller carefully, and when he finished his food and began to go, she shouted rudely, “You haven't paid me for the fried fish!”
“But I have not had any fried fish!” he said.
“But everyone can see that you enjoyed the smell of my fried fish with your rice and vegetables ,” said the woman , “If you had not smelled the fish , your meal would not have been so pleasant!”
Soon a crowd collected, and although they supported the poor traveller, they had to admit that wind was blowing from the shop to the place where he had eaten, and that it had carried the smell of the fried fish to him.
Finally, the woman took the poor traveller to a judge , who said , “The woman says that the traveller ate his meal with the smell of her fried fish. The traveller agrees that the wind was blowing from the woman's shop to the place where he ate his rice and vegetables and that it carried the smell of her fried fish to his nose while he was eating, so he must pay for it. What does your fried fish cost” he asked the woman.
“Twenty-five cents a plate ,” she answered , delighted.
“Then go outside together,” said the judge. “There the traveller must hold up a twenty-five cent piece so that its shadow （影子） falls on the woman's hand. The price of the smell of a plate of fried fish is the shadow of twenty-five cents.”
1．Why did the traveller refuse to pay the woman for the fried fish? Because ________.
[ ]
A．he was poor
B．he was rude
C．he was supported by a crowd
D．he hadn't eaten her fried fish at all
2．When the judge asked the woman a question, she felt ________.
[ ]
3．Which of the followng statements is true?
[ ]
A．The traveller bought the boiled rice and vegetables and ate them by the side of the road.
B．The judge had no idea what the woman meant.
C．In the fifth paragraph , the first “it” has the same meaning as the second “it” .
D．The woman got nothing but the shadow of twenty-five cents in the end.
4．What do you think of the judge after reading the passage?
[ ]
A．He was foolish.
B．He was clever.
C．He was neither foolish nor clever.
D．He was kind enough to give the woman twenty-five cents.
5．What is the best title for the passage?
[ ]
A．The Smell and the Shadow
B．A Poor Traveller
C．A Rude Woman
D．A Woman and a Traveller
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