摘要: Go to see a doctor, you are ill. 7

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An important factor that plays a part in susceptibility (易受影响) to colds is age.A study done by the University of Michigan School of Public Health indicated the fact that seems to hold true for the general population.Babies are the group suffering most from colds, averaging more than six colds in their first years.Boys have more colds than girls up to age three.After the age of three, girls are more susceptible than boys, and teenage girls average three colds a year to boy's two.

The general frequency of colds continues to decline into adults.Elderly people who are in good health have as few as one or two colds annually.One exception is found among people in their twenties, especially women, who show a rise in cold infections(感染), because people to this age group are most likely to have young children.Adults who delay having children until their thirties and forties experience the same sudden increase in cold infections.

The study also found that economics (经济状况) plays an important role.As income increases, the frequency at which colds are reported in the family decreases.Families with the lowest income suffer about a third more colds than families at the upper end.Lower income generally forces people to live in closer quarters than those typically occupied by wealthier people, and crowding increases the opportunities for the cold virus to travel from person to person.Low income may also influence diet.The degree to which poor nutrition affects susceptibility to colds is not yet clearly proved, but an inadequate diet is suspected of lowering resistance generally.

1.What factors cause people to catch colds easily?

       A.Age and pregnancy.

B.Health and pregnancy.

       C.Health and economics.

D.Age and economics.

2.Why does the lowest income lead to the rapid spread of colds?

       A.Because poor people can't afford to go to see a doctor.

       B.Because balanced diet has definitely affected poor people.

       C.Because people with the lowest income have limited living space.

       D.Because cold virus don't have opportunities to travel in poor families.

3.How does the study prove that age plays a part in susceptibility to colds?

       A.Using comparison.                   B.Using graphs.

       C.Using description.                   D.Using argument.

4.What can you learn from the passage?

       A.Families with the lowest income suffer less colds than rich families.

       B.The general frequency of colds are likely to increase among the poor.

       C.Women in their twenties are most likely to avoid cold infections.

       D.The general frequency of colds continue to rise into the adults.

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A farmer grew some vegetables in his garden. One day his wife was ill and he had no money. He had to sell some cabbages and carrots in the market. The next morning he took two baskets of vegetables to town. But it was raining hard that afternoon and there were few people in the street. When his vegetables were sold out, it was dark. He bought some medicine and hurried to his village.
On his way home he saw a person lying on the snow. He placed his baskets on the ground and was going to help the person to get up. At that time he found it was a dead man and there was much blood on his body. He was so afraid that he ran away quickly, without taking the baskets with him.
The next afternoon the farmer was sent to the police station. Having shown the baskets, an officer asked: “Are these yours?” “Yes, sir.” the farmer answered timidly(胆怯地)。”Have you killed the man?” “No, no, sir.” the farmer said in a hurry.” When did you see the dead man?” ”About seven last evening.” “Did you see who killed the man?” “No, Sir.” The officer brought out a knife and asked, “Have you seen it yet?” ”No, Sir.’ The officer became angry and told the policemen to beat him up and send him into prison.
That evening the officer went on trying .Pointing to the knife, he asked again,” Have you seen it yet?” ”Yes, Sir.” The officer was happy and asked,” When and where?” “I saw it here this afternoon, sir.”
【小题1】The farmer decided to sell the vegetables to           .

A.buy some food for his family
B.buy some medicine for his wife
C.go to see a doctor
D.go to the cinema
【小题2】The farmer didn’t sell out his vegetables until the evening because           .
A.they were too bad
B.they were very expensive
C.it rained hard that morning
D.few people liked to go out on such a bad day
【小题3】As          , the farmer decided to help the person to stand up.
A.he wanted to get some money from him.
B.the person was one of his friends
C.he thought the person would thank him.
D.he thought the person had drunk too much
【小题4】The farmer ran away quickly because        .
A.the policemen were coming towards him.
B.his wife was waiting for him at home
C.he was afraid to see a dead man.
D.it was so late that he couldn’t stay there any longer.
【小题5】The officer tried the farmer to        .
A know who had killed the man.
B. know if he had seen the dead man
C .ask when he saw the dead man
D .ask if he had seen the knife

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 Most people feel lonely sometimes, but it usually only lasts between a few minutes and a few hours. This kind of loneliness is not serious. In fact, it is quite normal. For some people, though, loneliness can last for yeas. Now researchers say there are three different types of loneliness.
  The first kind of loneliness is temporary(暂时的). This is the most common type. It usually disappears quickly and does not require any special attention. The second kind, situational loneliness, is a natural result of a particular situation-for example, family problem, the death of a loved one, or moving to a new place. Although this kind of loneliness can cause physical problems, such as headaches and sleeplessness, it usually does not last for more than a year.
  The third kind of loneliness is the most severe. Unlike the second type, chronic(长期的)usually lasts more than two years and has no specific cause. People who experience habitual loneliness have problems socializing and becoming close to others. Unfortunately, many chronically lonely people think there is little or nothing they can do to improve their condition.
Psychologists agree that one important factor in loneliness is a person's social contacts, e.g. friends, family members, co-workers, etc. we depend on various people for different reasons. For instance, our families give us emotional support, our parents and teachers give us guidance, and our friends share similar interests and activities. However, psychologists have found that, though lonely people may have many social contacts, they sometimes feel they should have more. They question their popularity.
  Psychologists are trying to find ways to help habitually lonely people for two reasons: they are unhappy and unable to socialize and there is a connection between chronic loneliness and serious illness such as heart disease. While temporary and situational loneliness can be normal, healthy part of life, chronic loneliness can be a sad, and sometimes dangerous condition.
【小题1】How would you treat temporary loneliness according to the passage?

A.Talk to friendsB.Just ignore it
C.Go to see a doctorD.Ask your teachers for guidance
【小题2】"It" in the last sentence of the second paragraph refers to _____.
  A. temporary loneliness                                        B. situational loneliness
  C. a new place                             D sleeplessness
【小题3】The topic of the 4th paragraph is that____.
A.one problem of loneliness is a person's social contacts
B.we depend on various person for different reasons
C.lonely people don't have many social problems
D.lonely people don't have many friends
【小题4】Why do psychologists want to help chronically lonely people?
A.Chronic loneliness can cause family problems  B.Chronic loneliness can cause serious illness
C.Chronic loneliness can not be overcome  D.A, B and C are all correct
【小题5】What is the best title for the passage?
A.Three Kinds of LonelinessB.Loneliness and Diseases
C.Loneliness and Social ContactsD.Chronic Loneliness

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Imagine your body is like the house you live in.Every day, your family creates rubbish.The rubbish builds up until it is put out for the weekly garbage collection.
Now, say you put three bags of garbage out.but because one of the collectors was away sick, only two bags are collected.You take the leftover bag inside to be put out again next week.The following week you put on another three bags.plus the leftover bag from last week.But again, only two bags are collected.Imagine this cycle is repeated over the following weeks.
This is a simple description of what happens to your body when your kidneys (肾脏)don't work efficiently.Your body is nol thoroughly emptied of waste products.Other areas of the bodv such as blood pressure and red blood cell production are affected and the insidious process that may lead to kidney failure begins.
It's not uncommon for people to lose up to 90% of their kidney function before deveoping any symptoms.There may be no warning signs. This makes early detection (诊查)difficult.
Kidney's main job is to remote toxins(毒素) and unwanted water from our blood.Every day our kidneys clean an average of 200 litres of blood.Kidney failure may be a gradual and silent process, going unnoticed because there is no apparent pain.
Research shows that more than 35% of the patients requiring dialysis (透析)do not see a kidney specialist before they have to do so.Some risk factors for kidney disease such as age and genetic make up are out of our control; however, some changes in lifestyle may help prevent kidney damage.Two major risk factors for kidney disease, diabetes (糖尿病)and high blood pressure, have been on the rise over the last few decades.Both conditions are chiefly affected by being overweight and not getting enough exercises, which are the potential risk factors for the kidney disease.
66.The author gives the example of the house we live in to indicate that ______.
A.it doesn't matter much if the waste in our body is not emptied in time
B.our body will not produce any waste if our kidneys work efficiently
C.it's important for our body to empty the waste in time every day
D.it's safe and harmless for our body to keep some waste
67.The underlined word “insidious” in Paragrap 3 means          .
A.smooth and safe                 B.apparent and fast
C.gradual and unnoticed       D.long and painful
68.We can infer that when we find some symptoms related to our kidneys,          .
A.the kidney failure begins
B.the kidneys can still work properly
C.we have lost about 10% of kidney function
D.the kidneys may have been seriously damaged
69.How many risk factors of kidney disease are mentioned in the passage?
A.Six.     B.Five.  C.Four.  D.Two.
70.Which of the following helps prevent kidney damage most effectively?
A.Go to see a kidney specialist shortly before dialysis starts.
B.Take enough exercise and make early detection of kidney disease.
C.Try to keep low blood pressure and a stable lifestyle.
D.Go to hospital whenever you find any warning signs.

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