摘要: In what city did miniskirts probably first appear? A. Paris. B. Singapore. C. New York. D. London.

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根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

The First Americans

    There was a time long ago when a land bridge connected Asia and North America.The first settlers in North America crossed this land bridge from what is now Siberia to Alaska.The people who made this initial crossing were probably following the animals they used for food.

    Finally, the oceans rose and the land bridge between the continents disappeared.The settlers, who I shall call the "First Americans" , could not return to their homeland. 71 

    For the next few thousand years, the First Americans moved south and east throughout North and South America.They made the journey all the way from Alaska to the southern tip of South America, a distance of more than 10,000 miles.  72 

    In the far north, above the Arctic Circle, the First Americans became hunters of the ocean. 73 __ In the summer, they gathered berries and other plants.In the winter, they stayed in lodges much of the time preparing for the next summer.It was a hard life, but they learned to survive in these terrible conditions.

    Farther south, in what is now Arizona, Utah, Colorado, and New Mexico, the First Americans became cliff dwellers.They began by living in caves that already existed in the cliffs. 74  The dwellings they built in many ways resembled today's apartment buildings.

     75  They built a system of dams and canals so they could store and use water almost any time of the year.They were so successful that they could raise fruits and vegetables that were not found naturally in the desert.

A. They also discovered foods like corn and potatoes.

B. Along the way, they established many different civilizations.

C. They discovered how to add to the caves by building structures of wood and stone.

D. People living near each other tended to share similar environments and customs.

E. They built boats of animal skins and hunted or fished for their food.

F. They would have to survive in the New World, they had discovered.

G. The First Americans of the Southwest learned to water the desert.

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阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。

  You've given up your fair share of sleep-will you ever feel rested again?

  Let's do some sleep math.You lost two hours of sleep every night last week because of a big project due on Friday.On Saturday and Sunday, you slept in, getting four extra hours.On Monday morning, you were feeling so bright-eyed, and you only had one cup of coffee, instead of your usual two.But don't be cheated by your energy: You're still carrying around a heavy load of sleepiness, or what experts call "sleep debt"-in this case something like six hours, almost a full night's sleep.

  Sleep debt is the difference between the amount of sleep you should be getting and the amount you actually get.It's a deficit(缺乏)that grows every time we skim some extra minutes off our nightly sleep."People accumulate sleep debt gradually without being noticed," says psychiatrist William C.Dement, founder of the Stanford University Sleep Clinic.Studies show that such short-term lack of sleep leads to a foggy brain, worsened vision, and trouble remembering.Long-term effects include obesity, insulin(胰岛素)resistance, and heart disease.A survey by the National sleep Foundation reports that we're losing one hour of sleep each night——more that two full weeks of sleep each year.

  The good news is that, like all debt, with some work, sleep debt can be repaid.Adding an extra hour or two of sleep a night is the way to catch up.For the long-term lack of sleep, take it easy for a few months to get back into a natural sleep pattern.

  Go to bed when you are tired, and allow your body to wake you in the morning(no alarm clock allowed).You may find yourself catatonic(有紧张感的)in the beginning of the recovery cycle: Expect to have ten hours' shut-eye per night.As the days pass, however, the amount of sleeping time will gradually decrease.

  So earn back that lost sleep-and follow the orders of your inner sleep needs, and you'll feel better.“When you put away sleep debt, you become superhuman,”says Stanford's Dement, talking about the improved mental and physical capabilities that come with being well rested.

(1)

The example of sleep math is used to illustrate ________.

[  ]

A.

in what case you build up a sleep diet.

B.

Why you need six hours' sleep every night.

C.

why you are full of energy even when you don't have enough sleep.

D.

you should drink coffee to keep energetic.

(2)

The author begins Paragraph 3 with ________

[  ]

A.

an example

B.

a definition

C.

an order

D.

a story

(3)

By saying the underlined sentence in the last paragraph, Dement means ________.

[  ]

A.

a superman always needs a lot of sleep.

B.

You can become superman after you repay your debt.

C.

you will be in a good state with enough sleep.

D.

you will become superhuman if you don't make up for sleep debt.

(4)

What might be the most suitable title for the passage?

[  ]

A.

How can you keep energetic?

B.

Can you have a good sleep?

C.

What is sleep debt?

D.

Can you catch up on lost sleep?

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阅读理解

  The campaign is over.The celebrations have ended.And the work for US president-elect Barack Obama has begun.

  The 47-year-old politician rose to the highest post because of his stand against the war in Iraq and his plans to fix a weak economy.But what will the first 47-year-old African-American president do for race relations?

  Obama’s victory appears to have given blacks and other minorities a true national role model.For years, many looked to athletes and musicians for inspiration.As Darius Turner, an African-American high school student in Los Angeles, told the Los Angeles Times,“Kobe(the basketball player)doesn’t have to be everybody’s role model anymore.”

  Recent polls(民意测验)also suggest that Obama’s victory has given Americans new optimism about race relations.For example, a USA Today poll found that two-thirds of Americans believe relations between blacks and whites“will finally be worked out”.This is the most hopeful response since the question was first asked during the civil rights revolution in 1963.

  However, it’s still too early to tell whether Obama’s presidency will begin to solve many of the social problems facing low-income black communities.

  Although blacks make up only 13 percent of the US population, 55 percent of all prisoners are African-American.Such numbers can be blamed on any number of factors on America’s racist past, a failure of government policy and the collapse(瓦解)of the family unit in black communities.

  It is unlikely that Obama will be able to reverse(扭转)such trends overnight.However, Bill Bank, an expert of African-American Studies, says that eventually young blacks need to find role models in their own communities.“That’s not Martin Luther King, and not Barack Obama,”he told the Los Angeles Times.“It’s actually the people closest to them.Barack only has so much influence.”

  In the opinion of black British politician Trevor Phillips, Obama’s rise will contribute more to multiculturalism than to race relations in the US.

(1)

For years, before Obama was elected president of the US, ________.

[  ]

A.

Kobe was the only role model for all the blacks

B.

blacks could only find role models on the basketball court

C.

minorities in America couldn’t find role models in their real life

D.

American blacks had no role model who was successful in political area

(2)

According to Bill Bank, ________.

[  ]

A.

Obama is not the proper role model for African-Americans

B.

young blacks should not be so much influenced by Obama

C.

blacks should find other role models because Obama is far from their reality

D.

it’s better for young blacks to find role models in those who are close to them

(3)

What do you think the author is probably going to talk about in the next paragraph?

[  ]

A.

In what ways Obama will contribute to racial relations in the US.

B.

How Obama will influence Americans as a national role model.

C.

How Obama will contribute to multiculturalism in the US.

D.

How to choose a role model in his community as a young black.

(4)

What would be the best title for this passage?

[  ]

A.

The First African-American President

B.

America’s New Role Model

C.

Obama-A Successful Black

D.

Choosing a Right Role Model

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根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

  The First Americans

  There was a time long ago when a land bridge connected Asia and North America.The first settlers in North America crossed this land bridge from what is now Siberia to Alaska.The people who made this initial crossing were probably following the animals they used for food.

  Eventually, the oceans rose and the land bridge between the continents disappeared.The settlers, who I shall call the "First Americans", could not return to their homeland.  1  

  For the next few thousand years, the First Americans migrated south and east throughout North and South America.They made the journey all the way from Alaska to the southern! tip of South America, a distance of more than 10,000 miles.  2  

  In the far north, above the Arctic Circle, the First Americans became hunters of the ocean.  3   In the brief summer, they gathered berries and other plants.In the winter, they stayed in lodges much of the time preparing for the next summer.It was a hard life, but they learned to survive in these harsh conditions.

  Farther south, in what is now Arizona, Utah, Colorado, and New Mexico, the First Americans became cliff dwellers(悬崖居民).They began by living in caves that already existed in the cliffs.  4   The dwellings they constructed in many ways resembled today's apartment buildings.

    5   They built a system of dams and canals so they could store and use water almost any time of the year.They were so successful that they could raise fruits and vegetables that were not found naturally in the desert.

  In Mexico and South America, the First Americans founded civilizations that were among the greatest in the world.They built huge pyramids, lived in fabulous cities, and made great advances in science and mathematics long before the Europeans arrived.

A.They also discovered foods like corn and potatoes.

B.Along the way, they established many different civilizations.

C.The First Americans of the Southwest learned to irrigate the desert.

D.They would have to survive in the New World, they had discovered.

E.They built boats of animal skins and hunted or fished for their food.

F.People living near each other tended to share similar environments and customs.

G.They discovered how to add to the caves by building structures of wood and stone.

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