The beat generation mainly referred to the youth who were born and brought up around the Second World War. They showed their ignorance of almost everything traditional, such as government authority ,respect for parents, one’s duty, moral standards, and traditional customs. They developed a kind of absolute individualism and liberty. They preferred long hair, mini dresses or close fitting clothes to show off the figure. They advocated （倡导）freedom of sex and cohabitation (同居).Their influence could be seen from the fact that about one third of the American couples living together were not married by law. And the divorce rate was very high. The endless U.S wars abroad and sharp class struggle at home caused many American youths to develop a kind of cynicism. They doubted the existing social system, possibility of harmonious human relations, and the long honored standard for correct behavior. They felt society overlooked their needs. Therefore, they refused to do any duty that was required of them by society. They declared “Don’t believe anyone over thirty.” All this came from the sick society. It’s wrong to imagine they all fought against capitalism in support of revolutionary things. Some of their ideas were even more decadent (颓废的)and impractical. It was an abnormal phenomenon in an abnormal society.?

72.Based on the passage, how many of one hundred and twenty American couples of the beat

generation practiced cohabitation?       

A. about 20 couples.             B. about 30 couples.

C. about 60 couples.             D. about 40 couples.?

73.Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage??

A. The beat generation’s refused to do any duty.?

B. The beat generation was in support of almost everything traditional.?

C. The beat generation believes no one except that he is over thirty.?

D. The beat generation’s ideas were not impractical.?

74.“Cynicism” in this passage most probably means____.?

A. a state of mind against realism

B. a state of mind doubting everything in existence?

C. a theory advocating mutual help

D. a theory advocating individualism?

75..This passage is mainly about ____.?

A. the young Americans

B. the generation gap?

C. the education of the young

D. an American social phenomenon?

Summer is a busy time for travel. For years, people have wondered whether they are safe from viruses when they travel in small, enclosed areas. They worry about close contact with others who may be sick.

The current spread of a swine flu(猪流感) virus has added to these concerns. Recently, the World Health Organization raised its warning about the new H1N1 virus to its highest level. W.H.O. Director-General Margaret Chan declared the sickness a pandemic–a disease that has spread to many nations. Given this information, many people want to know how safe it is to travel?

The answers people are getting may seem conflicting. For example, a W.H.O. statement urged nations not to close their borders or limit trade and travel. Director-General Chan said cases are generally not that serious for most people. Still, W.H.O. officials continue to report new cases across the world.

In the past, the W.H.O. and experts noted guidance for disease spread on airplanes. The experts said you could get infected only if you sit within two rows of someone who is sick. That would be a distance of up to three meters from the sick person. And this was true only if you sat there for more than eight hours.

But a travel-health expert says this guidance may not be helpful for swine flu. He suggests steps that could help prevent getting swine flu on an airplane. His advice includes keeping the airflow over your seat on the “low” position. The doctor says you should point the equipment so the flow of air is just in front of your face.

Doctors say anyone with pain, swelling(肿胀) or red skin on a leg during or after a long trip may have a blood clot(凝块). Anyone with such signs should see a doctor as soon as possible. The condition many times can be treated with drugs that thin the blood and stop the clot from moving through the body.

68．The underlined word “conflicting” is closest in meaning to ________.

A. in disagreement        B. not true                           C. the same                          D. unbelievable

69．According to Director-General Chan, the swine flu is ________.

A. a disease spread on airplanes                                B. a very dangerous disease

C. a disease requiring limit travel                              D. a widely spread disease

70．Which of the following is the travel-health expert’s opinion on traveling in an airplane?

A. It’s safe to sit within two rows of a sick person.

B. It’s helpful to keep air flowing right before your face.

C. It’s important for a passenger to stay in a plane within 8 hours.

D. It’s certain that a passenger will have a blood clot after a long flight.

71．What would be the best title for the text?

A. Stop Traveling in Case of Swine Flu                  B. Experts’ Arguments Over Swine Flu

C. Prevention of Swine Flu on the Trip                   D. No News Is the Best News

As late as 1800, women’s only place was in the home. The idea of woman in the business world was unthinkable. Men were certain that no woman could do a good job outside her home. This was such a widely accepted idea that when the well-known Bronte sisters began writing books in 1864, they had to sign their books with men’s names instead.

Teaching was the first profession open to women soon after 1800. But even that was not an easy profession for women to enter because most schools and colleges were open only to men. Oberlin College in Ohio was the first college in America to accept women.

Hospital nursing became respectable work for women only after Nightingale became famous. Seeing that she was not only a nurse but also a rich and well-educated woman, people began to believe it was possible for women to nurse the sick and still be “ladies”. Miss Nightingale opened England’s first training school for nurse in 1860.

The invention of the typewriter in 1867 helped to bring women out of the home and into the business world. By 1900, thousands of women were working at real jobs in schools, hospitals and offices in both England and America. Some women even managed to become doctors or lawyers. The idea that women could work in the business world had been accepted.

1. Why couldn’t women become teachers easily? Because___________

A. the first profession open to them was writing.

B.  most schools and colleges were open only to men.

C.  they wanted to be nurses instead.

D.  they had to work in the business world.

2. The article is mainly about __________.

A.  women are in the business world

B.  the famous Bronte sisters

C.  schools and colleges in America

D.  rights for American women

3. Which fact does the article lead you to believe?

A. The Bronte sisters thought that they were men.

B.  England’s first training school for nurses was in Ohio.

C.  There are more men than women in professional jobs.

D.  Women find it necessary to work harder than before.

People today expect to be examined when they enter a doctor's office. At least they expect their blood pressure and temperature to be measured. However, as recently as two hundred years ago, a doctor's treatment depended on talking with patients. In general, the communication between doctors and their patients was the most important part of medical methods. The modem age of medicine began with the stethoscope ,an instrument for listening to patients heartbeat and breathing. Before that, a doctor did not touch a patient. In fact, there was no such things as a medical examination.
The stethoscope──and all other medical instruments──-had a serious effect, on the practice of medicine. Doctors became better at finding the medical problems. More lives were saved. At the same time, doctors gave less importance to the communication between patients and doctors. Some doctors actually stopped talking to their patients. It is easy to understand why some sick people thought themselves as broken machines.
1. A stethoscope can be used to________.
A. check health conditions     B. cure some illness
C. measure temperature       D. treat heart disease
2. Doctors gave less importance to the communication between patients and doctors mainly because________.
A. modern medical instruments were used
B. they could cure more diseases and save more lives
C. they had much more medical experience than before
D. they were too busy to have time to talk with patients
3. Some sick people thought of themselves as broken machines, which suggested that_______.
A. modern doctors should treat their patients as machines
B. the level of the treatment was greatly improved
C. they thought they were useless just like broken machines
D. they were not satisfied with the manner in which doctors treated them
4. The best title for this passage should be________.  
A. Medical Methods of Two Hundred Years Ago
B. The Development of Medical Methods
C. The Modem Age of Medicine
D. The Use of the Stethoscope

Prolonging human life has increased the size of the human population. Many people alive today would have died of childhood diseases if they had been born 100 years ago. Because more people live longer, there are more people around at any given time. In fact, it is a decrease in death rates, not an increase in birthrates, that has led to the population explosion.
Prolonging human life has also increased the dependency load. In all societies, people who are disabled or too young or too old to work are dependent on the rest of society to provide for them. In hunting and gathering cultures, old people who could not keep up might be left behind to die. In times of famine, infants might be allowed to die because they could not survive if their parents starved, where as if the parents survived they could have another child. In most contemporary(当代的) societies, people feel a moral obligation to keep people alive whether they can work or not. We have a great many people today who live past the age at which they want to work or are able to work; we also have rules which require people to retire at a certain age. Unless these people were able to save money for their retirement, somebody else must support them. In the United States many retired people live on social security checks which are so little that they must live in near poverty. Older people have more illnesses than young or middle-aged people; unless they have wealth or private or government insurance, they must often “go on welfare” if they have a serious illness.
When older people become senile (衰老的) or too weak and ill to care for themselves, they create grave problems for their families. In the past and in some traditional cultures, they would be cared for at home until they died. Today, with most members of a household working or in school, there is often no one at home who can care for a sick or weak person. To meet this need, a great many nursing homes and convalescent (疗养的) hospitals have been built. These are often profit making organizations, although some are sponsored by religious and other nonprofit groups. While a few of these institutions are good, most of them are simply “dumping (倒垃圾的) grounds” for the dying in which “care” is given by poorly paid, overworked, and under skilled personnel.
【小题1】The author believes that the population explosion results from _______.