In 1947 a group of famous people from the art world headed by an Austrian conductor decided to hold an international festival of music, dance and theatre in Edinburgh. The idea was to reunite Europe after the Second World War.

       At the same time, the “Fringe” appeared as a challenge to the official festival. Eight theatre groups turned up uninvited in 1947, in the belief that everyone should have the right to perform, and they did so in a public house disused for years.

       Soon, groups of students firstly from Edinburgh University, and later from the universities of Oxford and Cambridge, Durham and Birmingham were making the journey to the Scottish capital each summer to perform theatre by little-known writers of plays in small church halls to the people of Edinburgh.

       Today the “Fringe”, once less recognized, has far outgrown the festival with around 1,500 performances of theatre, music and dance on every one of the 21 days it lasts. And years early as 1959, with only 19 theatre groups performing, some said it was getting too big.

       A paid administrator was first employed only in 1971, and today there are eight administrators working all year round and the number rises to 150 during August itself. In 2004 there were 200 places housing 1,695 shows by over 600 different groups from 50 different countries. More than 1.25 million tickets were sold.

40. What was the purpose of Edinburgh Festival at the beginning?

A. To bring Europe together again.

B. To honor heroes of World War 11.

C. To introduce young theatre groups.

D. To attract great artists from Europe.

41. Why did some uninvited theatre groups come to Edinburgh in 1947?

A. They owned a public house there.

B. They came to take up a challenge.

C. They thought they were also famous.

D. They wanted to take part in the festival.

42. Who joined the "Fringe" after it appeared?

A. Popular writers

B. University students.

C. Artists from around the world.

D. Performers of music and dance.

43. We may learn from the text that Edinburgh Festival_________.

A. has become a non-official event

B. has gone beyond an art festival

C. gives shows all year round

D. keeps growing rapidly

第二节：完型填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36---55各题所给的四个选项（A,B,C,D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项
Few countries will admit officially that they employ spies. _36_, from time to time a spy is caught and the public sometimes gets a glimpse (一瞥) of what is going on behind _37_ scenes. Spies are rarely _38_ these days. They are frequently tried and imprisoned. If a(n) _39_ is important enough, he is sometimes _40_ to an enemy country in exchange for an equally important spy whom the enemy had caught. Few people have the _41_ to witness such exchanges, for they are carried out in _42_
One cold _43_ morning last year, a small blue car stopped on a _44_ in a provincial town in northern Germany. _45_ men dressed in heavy black coats got out and stood on the bridge. 46_ they waited there, they kept on looking over the side. Fifteen minutes later, a motor-boat sailed past and _47_ the river-bank. Three men got_48_ the boat and looked up at the bridge. The men on the bridge _49_ walked down the stone steps leading to the _50_. No words were spoken when they _51_ the men from the boat. After a while, the _52_ moved off and three men _53_ the bridge. Now only two of them were _54_ black coats. The third was dressed in a light grey jacket. Anyone who had been watching the_55_ might not realized that two master spies had been exchanged on that cold winter morning.
36． A．As a result        B. Moreover     C. Therefore     D. However
37． A．political            B. war             C. personal      D. civil
38． A．caught            B. shot           C. praised       D. broadcast
39． A．leader             B. official       C. spy           D. judge
40． A．handed back          B. given out        C. held on        D. turn down
41． A．opportunity            B. pace          C. increase      D. performance
42． A．order               B. public          C. advance       D. secret
43． A．spring                 B. summer      C. autumn          D. winter
44． A．road                B. boat           C. railway          D. bridge
45． A．Kind                  B. Tall          C. Three          D. Old
46． A．While               B. In case         C. Before             D. Because
47． A．destroyed               B. drew up         C. sent away       D. set up
48． A．onto            B. over to        C. out of       D. opposite
49． A．silently           B. loudly            C. surprisedly     D. curiously
50． A．office            B. road           C. tree          D. river-bank
51． A．killed              B. met             C. saved         D. punished
52． A．car                B. bus              C. train             D. boat
53． A．left from            B. returned to      C. jumped off       D. died on
54． A．making             B. mending        C. wearing       D. tearing
55． A．film                 B. novel          C. river         D. scene

     The scene in the Hollywood movie The Day After Tomorrow, where global warming could soon turn the global climate (气候) into a new ice age, may never occur, according to new research.

    The next ice age could be 15,000 years away, say European scientists who last month announced a continuous record of 7.40,000 years of climate data (数据) obtained from the Antarctic ice.                         

     Scientists from 10 nations have now almost completely drilled through a 3,000-meter.depth of ice high in the Antarctic mainland. They figure out that the area where summer temperatures can fall to –40℃, has at least 900,000 years of snowfalls,, kept as neatly as the growth rings of a tree. And the ice and air caught in each layer(层) have begun to answer questions about the climates in the past..

     The results show that there have been eight ice ages in the past 740, 000 years and eight warmer periods. And by comparing the pattern of global conditions today with those of the past, the researchers reported in Nature that the present warm period could last another 15, 000 years.

     Research suggests that there is a very close connection between greenhouse gas levels and global average temperatures. It also shows that carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) levels are the highest for at least 440,000 years.         

     "If people say to you: the greenhouse effect is a good thing because we would go into an ice age otherwise, our data say no, a new ice age is not hanging over our heads,” said Eric Wolff from the British Antarctic Survey. "Now we have eight examples of how the climate goes in and out of ice ages… and you can learn what the rules are that go into the climate models that tell us about the future."

     Scientists found that whenever temperatures rose in the frozen record, so did carbon dioxide level. "In 440,000 years we have never seen greenhouse gas get as thick as it is today," said Dr Wolff.

48. In drilling through the ice in Antarctica, scientists, have found that______.

     A. the lowest temperature there is －40℃     B. the depth of ice is 3,000 meters

     C. the ice has existed for 15,000 years          D. snowfalls are kept in certain patterns

49. The information of the global climate conditions in the past can be obtained through______.

     A. separating carbon dioxide from the air     

   B. examining the growth rings of trees

     C. comparing temperatures in different areas

     D. studying the ice and air caught in each layer

50. We can infer from Eric Wolff's words that_______.

     A. there is something wrong with the data     B. greenhouse effect is always a bad thing

     C. a new ice age will not come in the near future

     D. greenhouse gas will get thick in the future

51. What would be the best title for the passage?

     A. Research over the Antarctic area.                    B. Warm period to last about 15, 000 years.

     C. Report on the eight ice ages in the past.    D. Hollywood movies and the global climate.

Which do you enjoy___your summer holiday,taking a part-time job or staying at home?

A.to spend                    B.spending             C.being spend                      D.spend

读下面短文，从短文后面各题的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出适合填入对应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
Every summer a great many students travel to other countries looking for work and adventure. Most of the    26        are in seasonal work, mainly connected with wourism and    27         
The pay is usually poor, but most people work abroad for the     28    of travel. You can pick grapes on farms in France, entertain kids on American summer camps, and, of course, there are  29    jobs in hotels and restaurants.
But it is not easy now to find work. “    30   you speak the language of the country well, there will be very few openings,” says Althea Ellis, an adviser in     31       for students.
“If you work with a family in Italy, you’ll have to speak Italian. When you wash dishes in a restaurant in Pairs, the owner will expect you to speak   32    . British students only have a language     33     for jobs in the USA and Australia.”
    34     enjoys the experience. Sarah James was employed to help forty American children in Europe. The two teachers with the children had never been     35     .One child lost his passport; another became seriously ill and was      36      home; the whole group was thrown out of one hotel because of the      37      they made, and what’s worse, Sarah herself was robbed on her only    38    evening of the entire trip. “ I did visit a lot of new places,” she says,“ but it wasn’t worth it. The pay was     39     and it really was a 24-hour-a-day job. The kids never slept!”
“The troubles is, students expect to have a(n)     40    time of it.” Althea Ellis points out. “After all, they see it as a    41     .In practice,     42      ,you have to work hard. At the same time, all vacation work is casual (临时的) work. You’ll have a job when the hotel, the restaurant, or the campsite is busy. In the other words, you’ll work if it’s convenient for the company that     43    you. But you have      44    employment rights. As soon as the holiday season      45     ,they’ll get rid of you.”