Centuries ago, man discovered that removing moisture from food helps to store it, and that the easiest way to do this is to expose the food to sun and wind.

    All foods including water — cabbage and other leaf vegetables contains as much as 93% water, potatoes and other root vegetables 80%, lean (瘦的) meat 75% and fish, anything from 80% to 60%, depending on how fatty it is. If this water is removed, the activity of the bacteria which cause food to go bad is controlled.

    Nowadays most foods are dried mechanically. The conventional method of such dehydration (脱水) is to put food in chambers (室) through which hot air is blown at temperature of about ll0'C at entry to about 43'C at exit. This is the usual method for drying such things as vegetables, minced meat, and fish.

    Liquids such as milk, coffee, tea, soups and eggs may be dried by pouring them over a heated steel cylinder (圆筒), then put them into a chamber through which a current of hot air passes. In the first process, the dried material comes off the roller (滚筒) as a thin film which is then broken up into small, though still relatively flakes (薄片). In the second process it falls to the bottom of the chamber as small powder. Where recognizable pieces of meat and vegetables are required, as in soup, the ingredients (成分) are dried separately and then mixed.

    Dried foods take up less room and weigh less than the same food packed in cans or

frozen, and they do not need to be stored in special conditions. For these reasons they

are invaluable to the climbers, explorers and soldiers in battle, who have little storage

space. They are also popular with housewives because it takes so little time to cook

them.

It can be inferred from the passage that ________.

  A. the rattier fish contain as much water as the lean one

  B. the rattier the fish is, the more water it may contain

  C. a fatty fish holds less water than a lean one

  D. the water content of fish has nothing to do with the content of their fat

The underlined word "conventional" in Paragraph 3 can most probably be replaced by _________.

  A. particular        B. scientific          C. usual               D. special

Which of the following statements is NOT true about drying food?

  A. The removal of water in food helps prevent it from going rotten.

  B. The open-air method of drying food has been known for hundreds of years.

  C. In the course of dehydration, the temperature of hot current coming from entry to exit is gradually going up.

  D. The process of drying liquids is much more complex than that of drying solid food.

The last paragraph mainly talks about __________.

  A. the reason why housewives like dried food

  B. the general convenience of dried food

  C. the methods of storing food

  D. the advantages of dried, canned and frozen food

 阅读理解 (共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)

第一节：请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Skin-diving is a new sport today．

This sport takes you into a wonderful new world． It is like a visit to the moon！When you are under water，it is easy for you to climb big rocks， because you are no longer heavy．

Here，under water，everything is blue and green．During the day，there is enough light． When fish swim nearby，you can catch them with your hands．

When you have tanks（罐子）of air on your back，you can stay in deep water for a long time．But you must be careful．

To catch the fish is one of the most interesting parts of this sport．On the other hand， you can clean the ships without taking them out of the water．You can get many things from the deep sea．

Now you can see that skin-diving is both useful and interesting．

1.Skin-diving can take you to _______ ．

    A．the moon    B．mountains    C．the sun    D．the deep sea

2.A skin-diver _______ under water in the day．

    A．can see everything clearly         B．can't see anything clearly

    C．can see nothing           D．can see only fishes

3. With a tank of air on your back，you can _______ ．

    A．catch fish very easily          B．stay under water for a long time

    C．be in safe place        D．have more fun

4. Which of these sentences is NOT TRUE ？

A．Skin-diving is a new sport．   

B．Skin-diving is like visiting the moon．

C．The only use of skin-diving is to have more fun．

D．Skin-diving is both interesting and useful．

阅读理解 (共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)

第一节：请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Skin-diving is a new sport today．

This sport takes you into a wonderful new world． It is like a visit to the moon！When you are under water，it is easy for you to climb big rocks， because you are no longer heavy．

Here，under water，everything is blue and green．During the day，there is enough light． When fish swim nearby，you can catch them with your hands．

When you have tanks（罐子）of air on your back，you can stay in deep water for a long time．But you must be careful．

To catch the fish is one of the most interesting parts of this sport．On the other hand， you can clean the ships without taking them out of the water．You can get many things from the deep sea．

Now you can see that skin-diving is both useful and interesting．

Skin-diving can take you to _______ ．

    A．the moon    B．mountains    C．the sun    D．the deep sea

A skin-diver _______ under water in the day．

    A．can see everything clearly         B．can't see anything clearly

    C．can see nothing           D．can see only fishes

With a tank of air on your back，you can _______ ．

    A．catch fish very easily          B．stay under water for a long time

    C．be in safe place        D．have more fun

Which of these sentences is NOT TRUE ？

A．Skin-diving is a new sport．   

B．Skin-diving is like visiting the moon．

C．The only use of skin-diving is to have more fun．

D．Skin-diving is both interesting and useful．

If you are looking for an animal to take the title of “most violent fish in the sea”, then the tiger puffer (河豚) fish would have to be a strong contestant. Not only is it deadly poisonous --- though that doesn’t stop people trying to eat it --- but it is also able to scare off enemies by inflating itself to become much larger than normal, when it is young it even chews on its own brothers and sisters.
Tiger puffer fish attach their eggs to rocks near the bottom of the sea, often at the mouths of bays. Then the larvae (幼鱼) move to the entries of rivers and lakes once they have grown a little. Then, having put on a lot of weight, they head out to sea. There’s no innocent childhood for the puffer fish, as Shin Oikawa of Kyushu University in Japan and his colleagues found out when they put the larvae of tiger puffer fish in the lab and monitored them for two months. They found that the larvae went through three steps in which their metabolic(新陈代谢) rates increased dramatically when they reached body weights of 0.002g, 0.01g, and 0.1g. When a larva went through one of these steps, its behavior also changed. For instance, once a larva had passed the first level it would have grown its first tooth and could start attacking larvae that had not yet reached that stage. Similarly, any larva that had reached the 0.01g or 0.1g levels would start attacking lighter larvae.
The researchers noted that the baby fish had a “relatively small mouth”, so rather than swallowing their brothers and sisters whole, they would bite pieces out of them. Despite this limitation, the fish caused plenty of deaths --- up to 12 per cent of the deaths that happened in the lab each day.
Those fish that grew fast enough to be able to chew on their fellows had an advantage. The extra food accelerated their growth and development. Tiger puffer fish are likely to be faster and swifter, so they can deal better with enemies.
As the name suggests, puffer fish can inflate to make themselves seem much larger than they really are, thus scaring off enemies. They do this by filling their stomachs, which are extremely elastic(弹性的), with water. If that’s not enough of a threat, the tiger puffer fish --- like most of the other puffer fish in the family --- carries a deadly toxin(毒素). Eat one puffer fish and the poison will paralyze (瘫痪) your muscles, including the muscles responsible for breathing, so death is usually caused by a lack of oxygen. Famously, the fish is a delicacy in Japan, where highly qualified chefs produce dishes that contain the safe level of the poison. Interestingly, the puffer fish does not go to the trouble of producing the poison itself. Instead, it hosts bacteria (细菌) that produce the stuff. It obtains these bacteria from its diet, so the youngest adult fish are not poisonous.
【小题1】All of the following statements account for the violence of puffer fish except that_____.

C
Centuries ago, man discovered that removing moisture（湿气） from food helps to store it, and that the easiest way to do this is to expose the food to sun and wind.
All foods including water — cabbage and other leaf vegetables contains as much as 93% water, potatoes and other root vegetables 80%, lean (瘦的) meat 75% and fish, anything from 80% to 60%, depending on how fatty it is. If this water is removed, the activity of the bacteria which cause food to go bad is controlled.
Nowadays most foods are dried mechanically. The conventional method of such dehydration (脱水) is to put food in chambers (室) through which hot air is blown at temperature of about ll0'C at entry to about 43'C at exit. This is the usual method for drying such things as vegetables, minced meat, and fish.
Liquids such as milk, coffee, tea, soups and eggs may be dried by pouring them over a heated steel cylinder (圆筒), then put them into a chamber through which a current of hot air passes. In the first process, the dried material comes off the roller (滚筒) as a thin film which is then broken up into small, though still relatively flakes (薄片). In the second process it falls to the bottom of the chamber as small powder. Where recognizable pieces of meat and vegetables are required, as in soup, the ingredients (成分) are dried separately and then mixed.
Dried foods take up less room and weigh less than the same food packed in cans orfrozen, and they do not need to be stored in special conditions. For these reasons theyare invaluable to the climbers, explorers and soldiers in battle, who have little storagespace. They are also popular with housewives because it takes so little time to cook them.
54．It can be inferred from the passage that ________.
A．the fattier fish contain as much water as the lean one
B．the fattier the fish is, the more water it may contain
C．a fatty fish holds less water than a lean one
D．the water content of fish has nothing to do with the content of their fat
55．The underlined word "conventional" in Paragraph 3 can most probably be replaced by ______.
A．traditional       B．scientific       C.particular         D.special
56．Which of the following statements is NOT true about drying food?     
A．The removal of water in food helps prevent it from going rotten.
B．The open-air method of drying food has been known for hundreds of years.
C．In the course of dehydration, the temperature of hot current coming from entry to exit is
gradually going up.
D．The process of drying liquids is much more complex than that of drying solid food.
57．The last paragraph mainly talks about __________.
A．the reason why housewives like dried food
B．the general convenience of dried food
C．the methods of storing food
D．the advantages of dried, canned and frozen food