He lost his arms in an accident that killed his father．Since then, he has had to depend on the 1    of his younger brother． For the sake of taking care of him, his younger brother became his shadow, never leaving him alone for years． Except for writing with his toes, he was completely 2    to do anything in his life．

As the two brothers grew up together, they had their share of     3    and they would often quarrel．Then one day, his younger brother wanted to    4    from him, living his own life． So he was heart-broken and didn't know what to do．

A similar misfortune befell （降临于） a girl, too． One night her mother, who suffered from mental illness,    5   ． So her father went out looking for her mother．She tried to prepare meals for her parents, only to overturn the kerosene （煤油） light on the stove，resulting in a fire which took her hands away．

Though her elder sister showed her willingness to take care of her, she was determined to be 6    independent． And most of all she learned to be self-reliant（靠自己）． Once she wrote the following in her composition：“I am    7   ． Though I lost my arms, I still have legs． Though my wings are broken, my heart can still     8    ．”

　　One day，the boy and the girl were both invited to a television interview program．The boy told the TV host about his  9  future at being left on his own, while the girl was full of  10 for her life．They both were asked to write something on a piece of paper with their toes．The boy wrote：My younger brother's arms are my arms;     11    the girl wrote: Broken wings, flying heart．

They had both endured （忍受） the same sufferings, but their different    12   determined the nature of their lives． It is true that life is unpredictable．Disasters can strike at any time． How you deal with misfortune is the true    13    of your character．If you choose only to    14    or escape from the suffering, it will always follow you wherever you go．But if you decide to be strong, the hardship will turn out to be a    15    on which new hopes will arise．

1． A． comfort                B． hands                    C． advice                   D． arms

2． A． active                   B． unable                   C． keen                   D． skilful

3． A． problems               B． thoughts                C． tastes                    D． events

4． A． suffer                   B． leave                   C． separate                D． differ

5． A． recovered            B． returned                C． retired          D． disappeared

6． A． simply                  B． completely        C． possibly                D． partly

7． A． lucky                    B． happy                   C． stressful                D． relaxed

8． A． break                    B． beat                      C． fly                        D． imagine  

9． A． uncertain               B． bright                    C． awful                    D． remote

10． A． pressure              B． confidence            C． regret                   D． doubt

11． A． for                      B． so                        C． while                    D． and

12． A． attitudes          B． hopes              C． characters        D． experiences

13． A． meaning              B． value           C． power              D． test

14． A． protest                B． complain        C． struggle             D． involve

15． A． disaster               B． career                   C． fortune                 D． forecast

Let children learn to judge their own work. A child learning to talk does not learn by being corrected all the time: if corrected too much, he will stop talking. He notices a thousand times a day the difference between the language he uses and the language those around him use. Bit by bit, he makes the necessary changes to make his language like other people’s. In the same way, children learn to do all the other things they learn to do without being taught--- to walk , run, climb, whistle, ride a bicycle --- compare their own performances with those of more skilled people, and slowly make the needed changes. But in school we never give a child a chance to find out his mistakes for himself, let alone(更不用说) correct them. We do it all for him. We act as if we thought that he would never notice a mistake unless he was made to. Soon he becomes dependent on the teacher. Let him do it himself. Let him work out, with the help of other children if he wants it, what this word says, what the answer is to that problem, whether this is a good way of saying or doing this or not.

    If it is a matter of right answers, as it may be in mathematics or science, give him the answer book. Let him correct his own papers. Why should we teachers waste time on such routine(常规的) work? Our job should be to help the child when he tells us that he can’t find the way to get the right answer. Let’s end all this nonsense of grades, exams and marks. Let us throw them all out, and let the children learn what all educated persons must some day learn: how to measure their own understanding, how to know what they know or do not know.

    Let them get on with this job in the way that seems most sensible(合情理的) to them, with our help as school teachers if they ask for it. The idea that there is a body of knowledge to be learnt at school and used for the rest of one’s life is nonsense(无意义的) in a world as complicated and rapidly changing as ours. Anxious parents and teachers say, “But suppose they fail to learn something essential(基本的), something they will need to get on in the world?” Don’t worry! If it is essential, they will go out into the world and learnt it.

What does the writer think is the best way for children to think?

By listening to their parents’ instructions. 

By asking a great many questions.

By making mistakes and having them corrected. 

By copying what other people do.

What does the writer think teachers should not do?

A. Give children correct answers.        

B. Point out children’s mistakes to them.

C. Allow children to mark their own work.    

D. Encourage children to copy one another.

According to the passage, learning to speak and learning to ride a bike are _____.

A. the most important skills                  B. the basic skills children should master

C. almost the same as learning other skills     D. much different from learning other skills.

The writer thinks that children’s progress should only be estimated(评估) by ______.

A. the children themselves                B. their parents

    C. their teachers                         D. education authorities(权威)

The writer is afraid that children will grow up into adults who are ______.

A. too selfish                            B. too independent

C. dependent and unable to use basic skills    D. able to think for themselves

A businessman had two sons. While he gave the younger son a lot of love and gifts, he neglected (忽视) the elder son. It was completely puzzling (令人费解) and no one knew why.

When the boys grew up, they were asked to manage the father’s business. The elder son was absorbed in the business. From morning till late in the evening, he was busy working. Within a few years, he ran the business very well and even expanded (扩大) it.

What about the younger son? He didn't have much to do except have a good time. But the father believed that his favorite son would be a success. If the elder son could be a successful businessman, surely the younger one, with a higher education, would do much better.

A few years later, the results of his decision became clear. Uninterested in business, the younger son continued spending his time enjoying himself. And he went out of business. But the elder son’s far smaller share (份) of business had expanded and he had proved himself to be a good decision maker.

Ashamed at the turn of events, the father met the elder son and was angry with the younger one. The elder son, who was listening to all this quietly, suddenly said he wanted to set up an independent business and live on his own.

“Why?” asked the father.

“I blame (责备) one person for the way my brother has turned out, and it’s not him. You can’t blame children for the faults (过失) of their parents, can you?” asked the elder son.

Before the younger son went into the father’s business, he______.

A. was interested in business          B. had achieved great success

C. often looked down upon his brother  D. was well-educated at school

Why did the father treat the two sons differently?

A. the elder son didn’t work hard      B. no one knew why he did it

C. the younger son was hardworking   D. he wanted to do an experiment

Which is NOT the reason for the younger son’s going out of business?

A. he himself didn’t work hard

B. his father didn’t educate him properly

C. he was not interested in business at all

D. he was busy working every day

What does the text really want to teach us?

A. Parents are responsible for children’s development.

B. Once something is done, you should do it well.

C. Interest is the most important for success.

D. One has responsibility for what he himself has done.

A businessman had two sons. While he gave the younger son a lot of love and gifts, he neglected (忽视) the elder son. It was completely puzzling (令人费解) and no one knew why.
When the boys grew up, they were asked to manage the father’s business. The elder son was absorbed in the business. From morning till late in the evening, he was busy working. Within a few years, he ran the business very well and even expanded (扩大) it.
What about the younger son? He didn't have much to do except have a good time. But the father believed that his favorite son would be a success. If the elder son could be a successful businessman, surely the younger one, with a higher education, would do much better.
A few years later, the results of his decision became clear. Uninterested in business, the younger son continued spending his time enjoying himself. And he went out of business. But the elder son’s far smaller share (份) of business had expanded and he had proved himself to be a good decision maker.
Ashamed at the turn of events, the father met the elder son and was angry with the younger one. The elder son, who was listening to all this quietly, suddenly said he wanted to set up an independent business and live on his own.
“Why?” asked the father.
“I blame (责备) one person for the way my brother has turned out, and it’s not him. You can’t blame children for the faults (过失) of their parents, can you?” asked the elder son.
【小题1】Before the younger son went into the father’s business, he______.

A．the elder son didn’t work hard	B．no one knew why he did it
C．the younger son was hardworking	D．he wanted to do an experiment

A businessman had two sons. While he gave the younger son a lot of love and gifts, he neglected (忽视) the elder son. It was completely puzzling (令人费解) and no one knew why.
When the boys grew up, they were asked to manage the father’s business. The elder son was absorbed in the business. From morning till late in the evening, he was busy working. Within a few years, he ran the business very well and even expanded (扩大) it.
What about the younger son? He didn't have much to do except have a good time. But the father believed that his favorite son would be a success. If the elder son could be a successful businessman, surely the younger one, with a higher education, would do much better.
A few years later, the results of his decision became clear. Uninterested in business, the younger son continued spending his time enjoying himself. And he went out of business. But the elder son’s far smaller share (份) of business had expanded and he had proved himself to be a good decision maker.
Ashamed at the turn of events, the father met the elder son and was angry with the younger one. The elder son, who was listening to all this quietly, suddenly said he wanted to set up an independent business and live on his own.
“Why?” asked the father.
“I blame (责备) one person for the way my brother has turned out, and it’s not him. You can’t blame children for the faults (过失) of their parents, can you?” asked the elder son.
【小题1】. Before the younger son went into the father’s business, he______.

A．he himself didn’t work hard

B．his father didn’t educate him properly

C．he was not interested in business at all

D．he was busy working every day

A．Parents are responsible for children’s development.

B．Once something is done, you should do it well.

C．Interest is the most important for success.

D．One has responsibility for what he himself has done.