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Kids are better than adults at learning how to speak various languages. Research now shows that young infants might have some best language skills of all.
Researchers in Canada, at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver, studied 36 babies from English?speaking families. Twelve of them were 4 months old, 12 were 6 months old, and the rest were 8 months old. They watched video clips of a woman talking in silence. The woman was fluent in English and French. In some clips, she read a storybook in English. In other clips, she read in French.
After watching clip after clip of the woman reading in just one language, the babies eventually started to look away, apparently because they were bored. The researchers then showed the babies a new silent clip of the woman reading a story in the other language. At that point, the 4? and 6?month olds started looking at the screen again. The 8?month olds, by contrast, didn't pay any attention.
The second study involved 36 infants of the same age. These babies were from English?speaking families. They watched silent clips of the woman reading one set of sentences in either English or French until they grew bored. Then, they saw clips showing the woman read different sentences, but in the same language that she had been speaking, none of them showed a renewed interest.
A third trial included 24 infants of the same age whose families spoke both English and French at home. In the first set of clips, the woman spoke in one language, and in the second set she used the other language. All babies in this study had a longer look at clips after the woman switched languages.
Together, these results suggest that “visual information about speech may play a more critical role in language learning than previously predicted，” says lead researcher and psychologist Whitney M．Weikum.
Title: Babies' Language__71__
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| Procedures | Age group | Situations | Babies'__72__ |
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| 8 months | watching video clips of a woman talking in two languages __73__ |
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| The second study | 36 babies of the same age from English?speaking__76__ | watching silent clips of the woman reading in either English or French | ●seeing clips showing the woman's reading in different languages ●having no __77__ in the woman's reading in the same language |
| A third trial | 24 infants of the same age from bilingual families | watching clips of the woman speaking | looking __78__ at clips after the woman switched languages |
| __79__ | Visual information plays an __80__ role in language learning. |
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Parents and doctors have the same worry over especially low birth weight newborns. ___66___ A trend has therefore developed to make special formulas（配方）of extra nutrients and protein-rich foods for these tiny babies. Unfortunately, a British study has found that this practice could have negative long-term effects, such as high blood pressure in adulthood.
Between 1993 and 1995, Atul Singhal of the Institute of Child Health and his colleagues researched 299 full-term newborns, each of whom weighed very little for their age. The babies’ moms had decided not to breastfeed（用母乳喂养）.
___67___ The rest received a formula with more nutrients than the standard formula. The growth of all of these children was compared to that of 175 similarly low birth weight babies whose mothers had chosen to breastfeed their children for their 9 months. ___68___ They found 83 babies from normal-formula group, 70 babies from extra-formula group, and 95 babies from the breastfed group. ___69___ According to the latest data, children who received the extra formula had significantly higher blood pressure than those in the other two groups.
Seven human tests have indeed shown that when infants are overfed before being stopped breastfeeding, they have an increased possibility to become fat as youngsters.
No matter how big a child is at birth, he or she will probably reach the same adult height no matter how quickly the baby grows. But reaching one’s adult size at a slow-to-moderate speed may have a lot of benefits, as Singhal says. ___70___
A. Half of these children were given a normal infant （幼儿）formula for 9 months.
B. When they grow up, they might have high blood pressure.
C. These babies have very little energy because they are so small.
D. Six to eight years later, the researchers gave the children a series of measurements and tests.
E. The results were quite surprising.
F. Tiny babies will grow much slower if they are not specially fed.
G. His advice to parents: Be patient. Don’t rush a child’s growth.
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根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Linguistic（语言学的） Puzzles
How did language begin? What was the world's first language? Do all languages come from one, original language? 71 .
In the 4th century BC, the Greek historian Herodotus wrote this account: Psamtik I an Egyptian King, wanted to find out what the oldest language in the world was． 72 ．He told his servant to find two newborn babies．When the servant had found them, the king gave them to a shepherd （牧羊人） and said, "Keep these babies with the goats．Take care of them, but do not talk to them．Listen for any words that they say．" The king wanted to find out what language the children would speak if they were left alone．He said, "The first words they speak will come from the original language of the world．"
_73 ． He told the king．who asked his scholars about this word．They told him that the Phiygians, who lived in an area which is now Turkey, called bread "becos．" The king said, "Then Phiygian is the oldest language．" Today we know that the king's conclusion was wrong．We don't know why the children said "becos"．
74 . Scholars discovered that many European and southern Asian languages belonged to the same "family" and that they started from the same parent language, Proto-Indo-European．Linguists think that it had split into several different languages, including Greek and Sanskrit, between 2000 and 1000 BC．Other languages, such as English and Spanish, developed from later splits．
75_ . Two questions that interest linguists are: How does language change? Why does language change? If you like solving mysteries, historical linguistics may be the job for you．
A．Nowadays, we study the origin of language more scientifically
B．He was talking about this problem with his scholars when he had an idea
C．The King was very kind to his servant and his servant remained royal to him
D．Linguists are the scholars who are very interested in categorizing the language families
E．People have been trying to find the answers to these questions for more than 2 ,000 years
F．One day, while the babies were babbling to each other, the shepherd heard them say "becos"
G．Linguists have classified many language families, and they are still trying to categorize others
查看习题详情和答案>>Linguistic(语言学的) Puzzles
How did language begin? What was the world's first language? Do all languages come from one original language? __71___ .
In the 4th century BC, the Greek historian Herodotus wrote this account: Psamtik I，an Egyptian King, wanted to find out what the oldest language in the world was. __72___ .He told his servant to find two newborn babies.When the servant had found them, the king gave them to a shepherd (牧羊人) and said, “Keep these babies with the goats.Take care of them, but do not talk to them.Listen to any words that they say.” The king wanted to find out what language the children would speak if they were left alone.He said, “The first words they speak will come from the original language of the world.”
__73___ . He told the king who asked his scholars about this word.They told him that the Phiygians, who lived in an area which is now Turkey, called bread “becos”．The king said, “Then Phiygian is the oldest language.” Today we know that the king's conclusion was wrong.We don't know why the children said “becos”．
__74___ . Scholars discovered that many European and southern Asian languages belonged to the same “family” and that they started from the same parent language, ProtoIndoEuropean.Linguists think that it had split into several different languages, including Greek and Sanskrit, between 2000 and 1000 BC.Other languages, such as English and Spanish, developed from later splits.
__75___ . Two questions that interest linguists are: How does language change? Why does language change? If you like solving mysteries, historical linguistics may be the job for you.
A．Nowadays, we study the origin of language more scientifically
B．He was talking about this problem with his scholars when he had an idea
C．The King was very kind to his servant and his servant remained royal to him
D．Linguists are the scholars who are very interested in categorizing the language families
E．People have been trying to find the answers to these questions for more than 2000 years
F．One day, while the babies were babbling to each other, the shepherd heard them say “becos”
G．Linguists have classified many language families, and they are still trying to categorize others
查看习题详情和答案>>
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Linguistic（语言学的） Puzzles
How did language begin? What was the world's first language? Do all languages come from one, original language? 1 .
In the 4th century BC, the Greek historian Herodotus wrote this account: Psamtik I an Egyptian King, wanted to find out what the oldest language in the world was． 2 ．He told his servant to find two newborn babies．When the servant had found them, the king gave them to a shepherd （牧羊人） and said, "Keep these babies with the goats．Take care of them, but do not talk to them．Listen for any words that they say．" The king wanted to find out what language the children would speak if they were left alone．He said, "The first words they speak will come from the original language of the world．"
_3 ． He told the king．who asked his scholars about this word．They told him that the Phiygians, who lived in an area which is now Turkey, called bread "becos．" The king said, "Then Phiygian is the oldest language．" Today we know that the king's conclusion was wrong．We don't know why the children said "becos"．
4 . Scholars discovered that many European and southern Asian languages belonged to the same "family" and that they started from the same parent language, Proto-Indo-European．Linguists think that it had split into several different languages, including Greek and Sanskrit, between 2000 and 1000 BC．Other languages, such as English and Spanish, developed from later splits．
5_ . Two questions that interest linguists are: How does language change? Why does language change? If you like solving mysteries, historical linguistics may be the job for you．
A．Nowadays, we study the origin of language more scientifically
B．He was talking about this problem with his scholars when he had an idea
C．The King was very kind to his servant and his servant remained royal to him
D．Linguists are the scholars who are very interested in categorizing the language families
E．People have been trying to find the answers to these questions for more than 2 ,000 years
F．One day, while the babies were babbling to each other, the shepherd heard them say "becos"
G．Linguists have classified many language families, and they are still trying to categorize others
查看习题详情和答案>>