Psychologists(心理学家) have known that what's going on inside our head affects our senses. For example, poorer children think coins are larger than they are, and hungry people think pictures of food are brighter. Professor Remi Radel wanted to investigate(look into) how this happens -- whether it's right away, as the brain receives signals from the eyes, or a little later, as the brain's higher-level thinking processes get involved.
Radel chose 42 students and each student was told to arrive at the lab at noon after three or four hours of not eating on the day of the test. Then they were told there was a delay. Some were told to come back in 10 minutes; others were given an hour to get lunch. So half the students were hungry when they did the experiment and the other half had just eaten.
For the experiment, the participant looked at a computer screen. One by one, 80 words flashed on the screen. A quarter of the words were food-related. After each word, the person was asked how bright the word was and asked to choose which of two words they'd seen -- a food-related word like gateau (cake) or a neutral (中性的) word like bateau (boat).
Hungry people saw the food-related words as brighter and were better at identifying food-related words. Because the word appeared too quickly for them to be reliably seen, this means that the difference is in perception (直觉), Radel says—it's not because of some kind of processing happening in the brain after you've already figured out what you're looking at.
"This is something great to me, that humans can really realize what they need or what they hope for, to know that our brain can really arrange for our motives and needs," Radel says. "There is something inside us that selects information in the world to make life easier.”
【小题1】The purpose of Radel's research is to let us know ____.

Psychologists(心理学家) have known that what's going on inside our head affects our senses. For example, poorer children think coins are larger than they are, and hungry people think pictures of food are brighter. Professor Remi Radel wanted to investigate(look into) how this happens -- whether it's right away, as the brain receives signals from the eyes, or a little later, as the brain's higher-level thinking processes get involved.

Radel chose 42 students and each student was told to arrive at the lab at noon after three or four hours of not eating on the day of the test. Then they were told there was a delay. Some were told to come back in 10 minutes; others were given an hour to get lunch. So half the students were hungry when they did the experiment and the other half had just eaten.

For the experiment, the participant looked at a computer screen. One by one, 80 words flashed on the screen. A quarter of the words were food-related. After each word, the person was asked how bright the word was and asked to choose which of two words they'd seen -- a food-related word like gateau (cake) or a neutral (中性的) word like bateau (boat).

Hungry people saw the food-related words as brighter and were better at identifying food-related words. Because the word appeared too quickly for them to be reliably seen, this means that the difference is in perception (直觉), Radel says—it's not because of some kind of processing happening in the brain after you've already figured out what you're looking at.

"This is something great to me, that humans can really realize what they need or what they hope for, to know that our brain can really arrange for our motives and needs," Radel says. "There is something inside us that selects information in the world to make life easier.”

1.The purpose of Radel's research is to let us know ____.

2.In the experiment 20 words that flashed on the screen had something to do with “____”.

3.Which of the following is true about the experiment?

4.What does the new study find?

Psychologists(心理学家) have known that what's going on inside our head affects our senses. For example, poorer children think coins are larger than they are, and hungry people think pictures of food are brighter. Professor Remi Radel wanted to investigate(look into) how this happens -- whether it's right away, as the brain receives signals from the eyes, or a little later, as the brain's higher-level thinking processes get involved.
Radel chose 42 students and each student was told to arrive at the lab at noon after three or four hours of not eating on the day of the test. Then they were told there was a delay. Some were told to come back in 10 minutes; others were given an hour to get lunch. So half the students were hungry when they did the experiment and the other half had just eaten.
For the experiment, the participant looked at a computer screen. One by one, 80 words flashed on the screen. A quarter of the words were food-related. After each word, the person was asked how bright the word was and asked to choose which of two words they'd seen -- a food-related word like gateau (cake) or a neutral (中性的) word like bateau (boat).
Hungry people saw the food-related words as brighter and were better at identifying food-related words. Because the word appeared too quickly for them to be reliably seen, this means that the difference is in perception (直觉), Radel says—it's not because of some kind of processing happening in the brain after you've already figured out what you're looking at.
"This is something great to me, that humans can really realize what they need or what they hope for, to know that our brain can really arrange for our motives and needs," Radel says. "There is something inside us that selects information in the world to make life easier.”

1. 1.

   The purpose of Radel's research is to let us know ____

   1. A.
      how our thinking has effect on our senses happens
   2. B.
      what it is the good time for students to have lunch
   3. C.
      whether poorer children think coins are larger than they are
   4. D.
      whether hungry people think pictures of food are brighter
2. 2.

   In the experiment 20 words that flashed on the screen had something to do with “____”

   1. A.
      boat
   2. B.
      food
   3. C.
      mind
   4. D.
      weather
3. 3.

   Which of the following is true about the experiment?

   1. A.
      The students should stare at the words in the book
   2. B.
      Each word appeared slowly in order that the participant could read it exactly
   3. C.
      After each word flashed on the screen, the person was asked to finish two tasks
   4. D.
      On the day of the test, all the students were very hungry because of the delay of their lunch
4. 4.

   What does the new study find?

   1. A.
      Actually our brain can arrange for our motives and needs
   2. B.
      In the experiment the brain was totally controlled by the senses
   3. C.
      People who had just eaten saw all the words more clearly than hungry people
   4. D.
      The participants saw the words look different long after the brain dealt with the information

Our senses aren't just delivering a strict view of what’s going on in the world; they're affected by what’s going on in our heads. A new study finds that hungry people see food-related words more clearly than people who've just eaten.

Psychologists have known for decades that what's going on inside our head affects our senses. For example, poorer children think coins are larger than they are, and hungry people think pictures of food are brighter. Rémi Radel of University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, France, wanted to investigate how this happens.

Does it happen right away as the brain receives signals from the eyes or a little later as the brain’s high-1evel thinking processes get involved. Radel recruited 42 students with a normal body mass index. On the day of his or her test, each student was told to arrive at the lab at noon after three or four hours of not eating. Then they were told there was a delay. Some were told to come back in 10 minutes; others were given an hour to get lunch first. So half the students were hungry when they did the experiment and the other half had just eaten.

For the experiment, the participant looked at a computer screen. One by one, 80 words flashed on the screen for about l/300th of a second each. They flashed at so small a size that the students could only consciously perceive. A quarter of the words were food-related. After each word, each person was asked how bright the word was and asked to choose which of two words they’d seen-a food-related word like cake or a neutral word like boat. Each word appeared too briefly for the participant to really read it.

Hungry people saw the food-related words as brighter and were better at identifying food- related words. Because the word appeared too quickly for them to be reliably seen, this means that the difference is in perception, not in thinking processes, Radel says. "This is something great to me. Humans can really perceive what they need or what they strive for. From the experiment, I know that our brain can really be at the disposal of our motives and needs. "Radel says.

1.Why was there a delay on the day of the experiment?

A. Because hungry people needed time to fill their stomach.

B. Because Radel wanted to create two groups of testers, hungry and non-hungry.

C. Because noon was not the right time for any experiment.

D. Because Radel needed time to select participants in terms of body mass index.

2.What does the writer want to tell us?

A. Human’s senses aren’t just delivering a strict view of what’s going on in the world.

B. What’s perceived by our senses affects our way of thinking.

C. Human brains can really be at the disposal of our motives and needs.

D. Thinking processes guarantee the normal functions of our senses.

3.What can we infer from the passage?

A. 42 participants are too small a number for a serious investigation.

B. An experiment with hungry and non-hungry participants is not reliable.

C. Our thinking processes are independent of our senses.

D. Humans can perceive what they need without involving high-level thinking processes

Our senses aren't just delivering a strict view of what’s going on in the world; they're affected by what’s going on in our heads. A new study finds that hungry people see food-related words more clearly than people who've just eaten.
Psychologists have known for decades that what's going on inside our head affects our senses. For example, poorer children think coins are larger than they are, and hungry people think pictures of food are brighter. Rémi Radel of University of Nice Sophia-Antipolis, France, wanted to investigate how this happens.
Does it happen right away as the brain receives signals from the eyes or a little later as the brain’s high-1evel thinking processes get involved. Radel recruited 42 students with a normal body mass index. On the day of his or her test, each student was told to arrive at the lab at noon after three or four hours of not eating. Then they were told there was a delay. Some were told to come back in 10 minutes; others were given an hour to get lunch first. So half the students were hungry when they did the experiment and the other half had just eaten.
For the experiment, the participant looked at a computer screen. One by one, 80 words flashed on the screen for about l/300th of a second each. They flashed at so small a size that the students could only consciously perceive. A quarter of the words were food-related. After each word, each person was asked how bright the word was and asked to choose which of two words they’d seen-a food-related word like cake or a neutral word like boat. Each word appeared too briefly for the participant to really read it.
Hungry people saw the food-related words as brighter and were better at identifying food- related words. Because the word appeared too quickly for them to be reliably seen, this means that the difference is in perception, not in thinking processes, Radel says. "This is something great to me. Humans can really perceive what they need or what they strive for. From the experiment, I know that our brain can really be at the disposal of our motives and needs. "Radel says

1. 1.

   Why was there a delay on the day of the experiment?

   1. A.
      Because hungry people needed time to fill their stomach
   2. B.
      Because Radel wanted to create two groups of testers, hungry and non-hungry
   3. C.
      Because noon was not the right time for any experiment
   4. D.
      Because Radel needed time to select participants in terms of body mass index
2. 2.

   What does the writer want to tell us?

   1. A.
      Human’s senses aren’t just delivering a strict view of what’s going on in the world
   2. B.
      What’s perceived by our senses affects our way of thinking
   3. C.
      Human brains can really be at the disposal of our motives and needs
   4. D.
      Thinking processes guarantee the normal functions of our senses
3. 3.

   What can we infer from the passage?

   1. A.
      42 participants are too small a number for a serious investigation
   2. B.
      An experiment with hungry and non-hungry participants is not reliable
   3. C.
      Our thinking processes are independent of our senses
   4. D.
      Humans can perceive what they need without involving high-level thinking processes