摘要：作状语的非谓语动词是分词和不定式. 1 现在分词与过去分词的区别 现在分词表主动.“令人-- ,过去分词表被动.“感到-- 这是两者最重要的区别.如: This news is exciting . I am excited at the news. 另外.描述事物或事情的性质一般用现在分词,描述人的情感则用过去分词.如: I don’t think it surprising for such a bad man to have been punished. There was a surprised expression in her eyes. 2 现在分词的时态与语态 主动语态 被动语态 doing being done having done having been done 过去分词时间意义 1)已完成.如: Written in simple English, the book is easy to read. 2) 与谓语动作同时.如: Heated ,water changes into steam. 3 分词用作表时间.原因.条件.让步.伴随或补充说明的状语 Not understanding its meaning, he asked the teacher to explain the word.(原因.not understanding 与谓语动词asked同时) Having made a decision, they immediately set out to work.(时间.having made a decision先于谓语动词set out) Having been experimented many times, this new product will be put into mass production.(原因.having been experimented谓语动词put 且与主语product为被动关系) The boy sat in the dark room, frightened and trembling . 4 不定式用作表目的.结果.方式和形容词原因的状语 1)目的 He got up early not to miss the first bus. 2)结果 too-to, so-as to, such-as to, enough to. She is too young to dress herself. Will you be so kind as to turn down the radio ? He hurried home to find his mother was dying fast. 表示“预先未曾估计到.令人不愉快 的结果.用不定式.若表示按事情发展的过程.必然会产生的结果则用分词. Their car was caught in a traffic jam, causing the delay. 3)方式 The water in this well is unfit to drink. The river is dangerous to swim in. 不定式作方式状语.句子主语是不定式动词的逻辑宾语.该动词不能带宾语.如it .且必须用主动语态.若动词为不及物动词.应加上适当介词. 4)形容词原因状语 I am very glad to meet you.

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