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Wing-wah Yam says she could not have done it without the backing of her family.
The road to scientific discovery is tougher for women than for men and Professor Vivian Wing-wah
Yam says she couldn't have succeeded without such a supportive family. The 47-year-old from Hong
Kong University was one of five women scientists, from each continent, to receive the 2011
L'Oreal-UNESCO For Women in Science Awards at a ceremony on March 3, at UNESCO
Headquarters in Paris. It is the 13th edition of the award since 1998.
Yam's long and fruitful research on solving the energy problem won her the prize for Asia and the
Pacific. There are several renewable and sustainable(可持续的) energy solutions, like solar power,
which could provide an unlimited source of energy. Some problems must be resolved, however, such as
the low efficiency of solar cells and their high supply costs. Yam and her colleagues hope to overcome
these problems by developing and testing new photoactive(光敏的) materials.
She became the third Chinese women scientist honored with the so-called "woman's Nobel Prize"
award, after Professor Li Fanghua from the Chinese Academy of Sciences in 2003, and Professor Ye
Ruyu from Hong Kong University of Science and Technology in 2004.
"People think chemists are bad guys, but we are the good guys," Yam said in a humorous aside
before explaining her research project on photoactive materials in an earlier speech at L'Institut de
France. For Yam, chemistry is science, but also an art. Amazed by the universe, nature and color in her
childhood, Yam decided on a career in chemistry. "One of the beauties of chemistry is the ability to
create new molecules and chemical species. I have always associated chemists with artists, creating new
things with innovative(革新的) ideas," Yam said.
As a mother of two daughters, 12 and 14, Yam said she is lucky to have been supported by her
family. She was inspired as a child by her father, a professor in the Civil Engineering Faculty at Hong
Kong University. Yam added her husband, Mak Shingtat, a PhD in chemistry, who accompanied Yam
to the awards ceremony, was also fully supportive of her work. "I can't imagine how my career could
move on without his understanding and support," she said. "I often stay late at night in the laboratory. He
always waits for me outside."
Yam received her bachelor and PhD degrees from the University of Hong Kong (HKU). She taught
at City Polytechnic of Hong Kong before joining HKU as a faculty member, and headed the chemistry
department for two terms from 2000 to 2005. At 38, she was the youngest member elected to the
Chinese Academy of Sciences. She is also a Fellow of TWAS, the Academy of Sciences for the
Developing World, and was awarded the State Natural Science Award and the Royal Society of
Chemistry (RSC) Centenary Medal. 2011 is the 100th anniversary of Marie Curie's second Nobel Prize,
coinciding (一致的)with the International Year of Chemistry. Today, Curie is still a role model for women
in science.
Although the participation of women in science, is promoted by UNESCO, notably through
L'Oreal-UNESCO, there are still too few women doing high-level science, says UNESCO
Director-General Irina Bokova. The latest UNESCO report shows less than 40 percent of countries
provide girls and boys equal access to education.
Each year, the L'Oreal-UNESCO For Women in Science Award recognizes 15 young women
from all over the world, especially developing countries, to encourage and finance their studies. More
than 200 young women scientists are currently supported. "I do not think there is a difference between
men and women in terms of their intellectual abilities and research capabilities (能力)," Yam said. "As
long as one has the passion, dedication and determination to pursue research wholeheartedly, one can
excel regardless of one's gender or background."
Yam said some young women, who require stability and security, often have to give up their research
because of family pressures. "The only way for women to succeed in science is to get the mental and
material support from family and society. There is a day-care center at my university, and my husband
and mother-in-law help a lot with the housework, so I am able to spend my time on research," she said.
"I have two young daughters, and it is too early to tell whether or not they want to pursue careers in
science. But, I will encourage them to always defend their ideas. To remain determined, and to never be
afraid of failure - this is the advice that they will need to succeed in realizing their dreams."
Yam also acknowledged her colleague's support, at the awards ceremony. "This (award) not only
recognizes me, but my colleagues and students and my country, China."
B. equal to Women's Nobel Prize
C. held for more than 14 times
D. only to in honour of Marie Curie
B. She was amazed by the universe, nature and color in her childhood.
C. She wanted to find the beauties of chemistry.
D. She was encouraged by her supportive family.
B. Their passion, dedication and determination are the same.
C. Women require stability and security.
D. Women can't get the mental and material support from family and society.
B. doing research and test on new photoactive materials
C. inventing an unlimited resource
D. finding solutions on renewable and sustainable energy
B. be willing to accept sb/sth as valid or approve
C. show appreciation by giving an honor or award
D. know sb/sth again
B. Tthe co-work from her students.
C. The help from her colleagues
D. The support from her family
There is much discussion today about whether economic growth is desirable. At an early period, our desire for material wealth may have been justified. Now, however, this desire for more than we need is causing serious problems. Even though we have good intentions, we may be producing too much, too fast.
Those who criticize economic growth argue that we must slow down. They believe that society is approaching certain limits on growth. These include the fixed supply of natural resources, the possible negative effects of industry on the natural environment, and the continuing increase in the world's population. As society reaches these limits, economic growth can no longer continue, and the quality of life will decrease.
People who want more economic growth, on the other hand, argue that even at the present growth rate there are still many poor people in the world. These proponents of economic growth believe that only more growth can create the capital（资金）needed to improve the quality of life in the world. Furthermore, they argue that only continued growth can provide the financial resources required to protect our natural surroundings from industrialization.
This debate over the desirability of continued economic growth is of vital importance to business and industry. If those who argue against economic growth are correct, the problems they mention cannot be ignored. To find a solution, economists and the business community must pay attention to these problems and continue discussing them with one another.
(1) According to those who argue against economic growth we must slow down for the following reasons except that ________
[ ]
A．our natural surroundings are in danger of being destroyed by industry.
B．the fixed supply of natural resources marks a point beyond which economic growth cannot continue.
C．the world population is ever increasing.
D．more efforts should be made to improve the quality of our material life.
(2) It can be inferred that the underlined word“proponents” (paragraph 3) most probably means ____.
[ ]
A．arguments in support of something
B．disagreements
C．people who argue against something
D．people who argue for something
(3) The passage is mainly about _______.
[ ]
A. the contradiction（矛盾）between economists and the business community
B．the present debate on economic growth
C．the importance of the debate on economic growth
D．the advantages and disadvantages of economic growth
(4) We may infer from the passage that ______.
[ ]
A．the author describes the case as it is
B．the author is for economic growth
C．the author is against continued economic growth
D．the author is very much worried about the problems caused by continued economic growth
查看习题详情和答案>>There is much discussion today about whether economic (经济的) growth is desirable．At an earlier period, our desire for material wealth may have proved proper．Now, however, this desire for more than we need is causing serious problems．Even though we have good intentions, we may be producing too much, too fast．
Those who criticize economic growth argue that we must slow down．They believe that society is coming near to certain limits on growth．These include the fixed supply of natural resources, the possible bad effects of industry on the natural environment, and the continuing increase in the world's population．As society reaches these limits, economic growth can no longer continue, and the quality of life will decrease．
People who want more economic growth, on the other hand, argue that even at the present growth rate there are still many poor people in the world．These proponents of economic growth believe that only more growth can create the capital needed to improve the quality of life in the world．Furthermore, they argue that only continued growth can provide the financial (财政的) resources required to protect our natural surroundings from industrialization．
This discussion over the desirability of continued economic growth is very important to business and industry．If those who argue against economic growth are correct, the problems they mention cannot be ignored (忽视)．To find an answer, economists and the business community must pay attention to these problems and continue discussing them with one another．
1．According to those who argue against economic growth we must slow down for the following reasons EXCEPT that________．
[ ]
A．our natural surroundings are in danger of being destroyed by industry
B．the fixed supply of natural resources marks a point beyond which economic growth cannot continue
C．the world population is ever increasing
D．more efforts should be made to improve the quality of our material life
2．The passage is mainly about________．
[ ]
A．the importance of the discussion on economic growth
B．the advantages and disadvantages of economic growth
C．the discussion over the desirability of continued economic growth
D．the relationship between economic growth and environment
3．The underlined word proponents most probably means ________．
[ ]
A．arguments in support of something
B．disagreements
C．people who argue for something
D．people who argue against something
4．We may infer from the passage that ________．
[ ]
A．the author is objective in describing the discussion over economic growth
B．the author is for economic growth
C．the author is against continued economic growth
D．the author is worried about the problems caused by continued economic growth
查看习题详情和答案>>Those who criticize economic growth argue that we must slow down. They believe that society is approaching certain limits on growth. These include the fixed supply of natural resources, the possible negative effects of industry on the natural environment, and the continuing increase in the world's population. As society reaches these limits, economic growth can no longer continue, and the quality of life will decrease.
People who want more economic growth, on the other hand, argue that even at the present growth rate there are still many poor people in the world. These proponents of economic growth believe that only more growth can create the capital needed to improve the quality of life in the world. Furthermore, they argue that only continued growth can provide the financial resources required to protect our natural surroundings from industrialization.
This debate over the desirability of continued economic growth is of vital importance to business and industry. If those who argue against economic growth are correct, the problems they mention cannot be ignored. To find a solution, economists and the business community must pay attention to these problems and continue discussing them with one another.
1. According to those who argue against economic growth we must slow down for the following reasons except that
A. our natural surroundings are in danger of being destroyed by industry
B. the fixed supply of natural resources marks a point beyond which economic growth cannot continue
C. the world population is ever increasing
D. more efforts should be made to improve the quality of our material life
2. We may infer from the context that “proponents” (Para. 3) most probably means
A. arguments in support of something B. disagreements
C. people who argue for something
D. people who argue against something
3. The passage is mainly about——.
A. the contradiction between economists and the business community
B. the present debate on economic growth
C. the advantages and disadvantages of economic growth
D. the importance of the debate on economic growth
4. We may infer from the passage that
A. the author describes the case as it is
B. the author is for economic growth
C. the author is against continued economic growth
D. the author is very much worded about the problems caused by continued economic growth
查看习题详情和答案>>
There is much discussion today about whether economic growth is desirable. At an earlier period, our desire for material wealth may have been justified. Now, however, this desire for more than we need is causing serious problems. Even though we have good intentions, we may be producing too much, too fast.
Those who criticize economic growth argue that we must slow down. They believe that society is approaching certain limits on growth. These include the fixed supply of natural resources, the possible negative effects of industry on the natural environment, and the continuing increase in the world's population. As society reaches these limits, economic growth can no longer continue, and the quality of life will decrease.
People who want more economic growth, on the other hand, argue that even at the present growth rate there are still many poor people in the world. These proponents of economic growth believe that only more growth can create the capital needed to improve the quality of life in the world. Furthermore, they argue that only continued growth can provide the financial resources required to protect our natural surroundings from industrialization.
This debate over the desirability of continued economic growth is of vital importance to business and industry. If those who argue against economic growth are correct, the problems they mention cannot be ignored. To find a solution, economists and the business community must pay attention to these problems and continue discussing them with one another.
1. According to those who argue against economic growth we must slow down for the following reasons except that
A. our natural surroundings are in danger of being destroyed by industry
B. the fixed supply of natural resources marks a point beyond which economic growth cannot continue
C. the world population is ever increasing
D. more efforts should be made to improve the quality of our material life
2. We may infer from the context that “proponents” (Para. 3) most probably means
A. arguments in support of something B. disagreements
C. people who argue for something
D. people who argue against something
3. The passage is mainly about——.
A. the contradiction between economists and the business community
B. the present debate on economic growth
C. the advantages and disadvantages of economic growth
D. the importance of the debate on economic growth
4. We may infer from the passage that
A. the author describes the case as it is
B. the author is for economic growth
C. the author is against continued economic growth
D. the author is very much worded about the problems caused by continued economic growth
查看习题详情和答案>>