There are about 22 million non-European Americans, mainly Black Americans, Red Indians, Latin Americans and other peoples．

　　The Red Indians number about 600,000．They are the natives of America．They look somewhat like Tibetans．They are not red, but brown．They were called Indians by mistake．When Columbus landed in the New World in 1492, he thought he had landed in India and called the people Indians．

　　The Black people had a sad history．Nearly all of them are descendants(后裔)of Africans brought from Africa to America sold as slaves in the 17th and 18th centuries．Today, they are about 21 million in number or 11 percent of total American population．Most of them lived in the South till the 1930s and since then more and more were leaving the South to look for work in the industrial North．Today, 60 percent of Black Americans live in New York, Chicago and other big cities．

　　Mexicans who belong to Latin Americans are the 2nd biggest minority nationality．Most of them are immigrant(移民)farm workers．The Puerto Ricans, from the island of Puerto Rica off the coast of Florida, live mostly in the slums(贫民窟)of big cities like New York and Chicago．These two peoples like the Afro-Americans mostly live below the poverty line．

　　There are Chinese people living in America, too－almost a quarter of million(the exact figure is 236,000)．Many of them went to America about 100 years ago to build the railways there．They suffered a great deal．Today, most Chinese Americans live in California(a state facing the Pacific Ocean)and New York, and also in Hawaii, and archipelago(群岛)in the mid-Pacific, which is counted as the 50th state of the U．S．A．

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阅读理解：

　　There are about 22 million non-European Americans, mainly Black Americans, Red Indians, Latin Americans and other peoples．

　　The Red Indians number about 600,000．They are the natives of America．They look somewhat like Tibetans．They are not red, but brown．They were called Indians by mistake．When Columbus landed in the New World in 1492, he thought he had landed in India and called the people Indians．

　　The Black people had a sad history．Nearly all of them are descendants(后裔)of Africans brought from Africa to America sold as slaves in the 17th and 18th centuries．Today, they are about 21 million in number or 11 percent of total American population．Most of them lived in the South till the 1930s and since then more and more were leaving the South to look for work in the industrial North．Today, 60 percent of Black Americans live in New York, Chicago and other big cities．

　　Mexicans who belong to Latin Americans are the 2nd biggest minority nationality．Most of them are immigrant(移民)farm workers．The Puerto Ricans, from the island of Puerto Rica off the coast of Florida, live mostly in the slums(贫民窟)of big cities like New York and Chicago．These two peoples like the Afro-Americans mostly live below the poverty line．

　　There are Chinese people living in America, too－almost a quarter of million(the exact figure is 236,000)．Many of them went to America about 100 years ago to build the railways there．They suffered a great deal．Today, most Chinese Americans live in California(a state facing the Pacific Ocean)and New York, and also in Hawaii, and archipelago(群岛)in the mid-Pacific, which is counted as the 50th state of the U．S．A．

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阅读理解

　　Little New Year, which falls about a week before the lunar New Year, is also known as the Festival of the Kitchen God, the deity(神)who oversees the moral character of each household．In one of the most distinctive traditions of Spring Festival, a paper image of the Kitchen God is burnt on Little New Year, sending the god's spirit to Heaven to report on the family's conduct over the past year．

　　The Kitchen God is then welcomed back by pasting a new paper image of him beside the stove．From this advantage point, the Kitchen God will oversee and protect the household for an-other year．The close association of the Kitchen God with the Lunar New Year has resulted in Kitchen．God Festival being called Little New Year．Although very few families still make offerings to the Kitchen God on this day, many traditional holiday activities are still very popular．

　　Studies of popular Chinese religion indicate that the Kitchen God did not appear until after the invention of the brick cooking stove．The cooking stove was a fairly late development in the history of human civilization．Ancient writings indicate that the Fire God, the earliest form of the Kitchen God, was worshipped long before the stove was invented．

　　Zhu Rong, China's ancient Fire God．was a popular folk deity and had many temples built in his honor．Stone lined fire pits, an early form of the brick stove, are still commonly used．Among China's ethnic minorities．People in these regions make offerings to the Fire Pit God．The Fire Pit God appeared between the Kitchen God and the Fire God in the history of Chinese folk deities．

　　The Kitchen God appeared soon after the invention of the brick stove．The Kitchen God was originally believed to reside in the stove, and only later took on human form．

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