III. 阅读（共两节，满分40分）
第一节：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳
选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
Moving in with a boyfriend causes women to eat more unhealthily and put on weight. But the opposite is true for men, whose long-term health benefits when they move in with a female partner.
Dieticians at Newcastle University said both partners try to please one another, and so change their dietary habits to suit their other half.
It leads men to eat more light meals, such as salads, fruit and vegetables, while women choose to make creamier, heavier dishes curry or rich pasta sauces, which may please their partner.
Women still have the strongest long-term influence over the couple’s diet and lifestyle, as they still have the traditional role of shopper and cook in most households.
The report, by Newcastle University’s Human Nutrition Research Centre, reviewed the finding of a variety of research projects from the UK, North America and Australia, which looked at the eating and lifestyle habits of couples.
The research shows that women are more likely to put on weight and increase their consumption of foods high in fat and sugar when they move in with their partner.
Women also use food as a comfort when dealing with emotional stress and have been found to gain weight when a relationship ends, while the same finding has not been observed in men.
Many couples reported food as being central to their partnership, and eating together in the evening was particularly important to many.
Report author and registered dietician Dr. Amelia Lake said, “The research has shown that your partner is a strong influence on lifestyle and people who are trying to live healthier lives should take this factor into consideration.”
1. According to the passage, moving in with a girlfriend, men _______.
A. have few changes of their dietary habits
B. have to eat more unhealthy foods
C. don’t like foods high in fat and sugar at all
D. try to eat foods that their girlfriends like
2. The underlined word “light”(in Paragraph 4 ) probably means ________.
A. not very heavy                         B. less in fat and sugar
C. gentle                                          D. not serious or important
3. According to the report by Newcastle University’s Human Nutrition Research Centre, ________.
A. women put on weight only because they want to suit their other half
B. when men are faced with emotional stress, they will change their dietary habits
C. eating together in the evening is a good way to communicate for couples
D. it is wrong to change your dietary habits to suit your partner
4. From the passage, we can infer that _________.
A. women should pay more attention to their partner’s influence on them
B. more men will play roles of shopper and cook in most households
C. couples will not change their dietary habits and lifestyle to please their partner
D. long-term health of men benefits when they move in with a female partner
5. What would be the best title for the passage?
A. Don’t be silly any more, women!         B. Which are better dietary habits?
C. Boyfriends make you fat                    D. Dr. Amelia Lake and his study

Until recently, women in advertisements wore one of three things — an apron, an attractive dress or a frown. Although that is now changing, many women still feel angry about offending advertisements. “This ad degrades women.” they protested（抗议）.Why does this sort of advertising exist? How can advertisers and ad agencies still produce, sometimes, after months of research, advertising that offends the consumer?

The ASA, the body which deals with complaints about print media, is carrying out research into how women feel about the way they are pictured in advertisements. Its conclusions are likely to be what the advertising industry already knows: although women are often annoyed by the ads, few feel strong enough to complain.

Women are not the only victims of poor and boring stereotypes（老套）— in many TV commercials men are seen either as useless, childish fools who are unable to perform the simplest household tasks, or as inconsiderate fellows, always on the lookout for an escape to the pub. But it is women who seem to suffer more from the industry’s inability to put people into an authentic present-day situation. Yet according to Emma Bennett, director of a London advertising agency, women are not aggressive or extremely angry about those stereotypes and sexist （歧视妇女）advertising. “They just find it annoying or tiresome.”

She says that it is not advertising’s use of the housewife role that bothers women, but the way in which it is handled. “The most important thing is the advertisement’s tone of voice. Women hate being insincerely praised or given desperately down-to-earth common-sense advice.”

In the end, the responsibility for good advertising must be shared between the advertiser, the advertising agency and the consumer. Advertising does not set trends but it reflects them. It is up to the consumer to tell advertisers where they fail, and the process of change will remain slow until people on the receiving end take the business seriously and make their –feelings known.

1.Despite recent changes in attitudes, some advertisements still fail to        .

2.According to the writer, the commonest fault of present-day advertising is to         .

3.Emma Bennett suggests that advertisement ought to        .

4.We can learn from the passage that advertising industry should         .

Spanish men will have to learn to change diapers and do dishwashing under the terms of a new law designed to strike a blow.

The law, due to be passed this month, is likely to cause a revolution in family affairs in a country where 40% of men reportedly don’t do housework at all. It will oblige men to “share domestic responsibilities and the care and attention” of children and elderly family members, according to the draft approved by the Spanish parliament’s justice commission.

“This will be a good way of reminding people what their duties are. It is something feminists (女权主义者) have been wanting for a long time,” said Margarita Uria, of the Basque Nationalist Party, who was behind what is an amendment to a new divorce law.

Failure to meet the obligations will be taken into consideration by judges when determining the terms of divorces. Men who refuse to do their part may be given less frequent contact with their children.

Spanish women spend five times longer on housework than husbands. Even when both have jobs outside the home, Spanish women still do three times as much work in the house.

“It is not just about housework, though,” said Ms. Uria.

A study five years ago by Spain’s Center for Sociological Investigation concluded that fathers spent an average of 13 minutes each day looking after their children.

Only 19 % of Spanish men thought it was right for mothers of school-age children to have a full-time job. More than a third thought mothers should not work outside the home at all.

The Change to the Spanish legal code will see domestic obligations added to a list of marital(婚姻的) duties that currently includes fidelity, living together and helping one another.

That should guarantee that, when the law—which will also make divorce proceedings faster and easier—is voted on in parliament in the next few weeks, the obligation to share domestic chores will be added to the statute books.

1. What is the percentage of Spanish men who don’t do any housework?

2.About the new law, which of the following is NOT true?

3.According to the fourth paragraph, which of the following is TRUE?

4.What is the general topic of the passage?

People often say, “The hand that rocks the cradle rules the world.” and “Behind every successful man there is a woman.” Both these sayings mean the same thing. Men rule the world, but their wives rule them.

Most American women like making their husbands and sons successful, but some of them want more for themselves. They want good jobs, and when they work they want to be paid. They also want to be as successful as men.

The American women’s liberation movement was started by women who didn’t want to stand behind successful men. They wanted to stand beside men and have the same chances for success. They didn’t want to be told that certain jobs or offices were closed to them. They refused to work side by side with men who did the same work for a higher pay.

A liberated woman must be proud of being a woman and have confidence in herself. If somebody says to her, “You have come a long way, baby.” She will smile and answer, “Not nearly as far as I’m going to go, baby.” This movement is quite new, and many American women don’t agree with it. But it has already made some important changes in women’s lives and in men’s lives, too.

1. From the first paragraph, we can learn that ________.

A. American women usually take care of their children by themselves

B. women in the United States are powerful

C. women play a very important role in men’s lives

D. if there is no woman, there is no man

2. From the passage we know that most American women today are _____.

A. fighting for their rights to work side by side with men

B. working hard at home to help their husbands and sons be successful

C. working side by side with men in all kinds of jobs

D. very confident about their future

3. The liberated women want to do all the following EXCEPT ___________.

A. stay at home to help their husbands be successful

B. have the same chances for success as men

C. get the same pay when doing the same work as men

D. seek for office and do some important jobs as men

4. By saying “Not nearly as far as I’m going to go”, a liberated woman is stating that _______.

A. she has nearly got to her destination

B. there is a little more than what she wants

C. she will never get to her ideal destination

D. it is not far enough and she will go a lot further

5. In this passage, the author suggests that in the United States _______.  

A. most women can’t get a good job

B. many women still don’t want to go out of their home to work

C. all families are still supported by men

D. all liberated women have achieved a lot

Throughout this long, tense election, everyone has focused on the presidential candidates and how they’ll change America. Rightly so. But selfishly, I’m more fascinated by Michelle Obama and what she might be able to do, not just for this country, but for me as an African-American woman. As the potential First Lady, she would have the world’s attention. And that means that for the first time people will have a chance to get up close and personal with the type of African woman they so rarely see.

Usually, the lives of black women go largely unexamined. The widespread theory seems to be that we’re all hot-tempered single mothers who can’t keep a man. Even in the world of make-believe, black women still can’t escape the stereotype (模式化的形象) of being eye-rolling, oversexed females raised by our never-married, alcoholic mothers.

These images have helped define the way all black women are viewed, including Michelle Obama. Before she ever gets the chance to commit to a cause, charity or foundation as First Lady, her most urgent and perhaps most complicated duty may be simply to be herself.

It won’t be easy. Because few mainstream publications (出版物) have done in-depth features on regular African-American women, little is known about who we are, what we think and what we face on a regular basis. For better or worse, Michelle will represent us all.

Just as she will have her critics, she will have millions of fans who usually have little interest in the First Lady. Many African-American blogs have written about what they’d like to see Michelle bring to the White House — mainly showing the world that a black woman can support her man and raise a strong black family. Michelle will have to work to please everyone — an impossible task. But for many African-American women like me, just a little of her poise (沉着), confidence and intelligence will go a long way in changing an image that’s been around far too long.

1.Why does Michelle Obama hold a strong fascination for the author?

2.What is the common stereotype of African-American women according to the author?

3.What do many African-Americans write about in their blogs?

4.What does the author say about Michelle Obama as a First Lady?