摘要:澄清clarify

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  New York-About one fifth of US college and universities don't require the standard entrance exams, known as the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT)(学业能力倾向测试) and American College Test (ACCT), for many high school applicants(申请者).

  Fair Test, a Cambridge, Massachusetts group that supports less trust on testing, said last week it counted 383 out of 1,788 four-year schools that don't want entrance exams at all.

  The last Fair Test court managed three ago proved 280 schools that don't require entrance tests. The total rose for two reasons: More college dropped the exams, and the other clarify(澄清) their admission rules.

  The Fair Teat survey follows last month's call from the University of California to end the SAT admission requirement. President Richard Atkinson wants students judged by want they have learned, not how they have scored.

  Last summer, the elite(优秀人才) women's school, Mount Holyoke College in South Hadley, Massachusetts, declared applicants no longer need submit(呈交) scores from the SAT test of reasoning.

  Some high schools also are questioning the roles of admission test. Still the exams aren't going away. Even as some colleges give up entrance tests, others are using or replacing them. Some are giving scores less weight, asking instead for essay(论文), references and out-of-school activities.

  The non-profit(非赢利的) College Broad, which owns the SAT, notes the majority of colleges and universities still demand a test score for applicants. The SAT and ACT were established decades ago by colleges and universities as a way of. predicting(预告) a student's success.

  Critics(批评家) have long attacked the test as unfair, mainly because whites tend to do better than other groups.

1.From the first paragraph we can know that in America ________.

[  ]

A.colleges and universities do not require any entrance exams

B.colleges and universities are short of students

C.colleges and universities don't all need entrance exams

D.colleges and universities entrance exams are too difficult

2.It can be found in this passage that ________.

[  ]

A.Fair Test is a test that is more difficult than SAT

B.Fair Test is a test that is much easier than ACT

C.Fair Test is an organization that does research on exams

D.Fair Test is a group the organizes better exams over Americans

3.The underlined sentence “the exams aren't going away” means ________.

[  ]

A.the exams are unnecessary for students

B.the exams will soon be stopped

C.the exams will remain at the same level

D.the exams are still demanded

4.From this passage we can conclude that ________.

[  ]

A.white students are cleverer than other students

B.the entrance exams will be stopped by the government

C.colleges and universities have different requirements

D.none of the students are satisfied with the entrance exams

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For the person keeping a journal, whatever he experiences and wants to hold he can write down. But to get it down on paper begins another adventure. For he has to focus on what he has experienced, and to be able to say what, in fact, the experience is. What of it is new? What of it is remarkable because of associations in the memory it stirs up? It is a good or bad thing to have happened? And why, specifically? The questions multiply  (增多) themselves quickly. As one tries to find the words that best represent this discovery, the experience becomes even clearer in its shape and meaning.

Beyond the value of the journal as record, there is the value of the discipline it teaches. The journalist begins to pay closer attention to what happened to and around himself. He develops and sharpens his skills of observation. He learns the usefulness of languages as a means of representing what he sees, and gains skill and certainty in the expression of his experiences. To have given up one’s experience to words is to have begun marking out the limits and potential of its meaning. In the journal that meaning is developed and clarified (澄清、阐明) to oneself. When the intention of the development of that meaning is the consideration of another reader, the method of the journal redirects itself and it becomes the essay.

According to the author, keeping a journal is good for ________.

A. observation and expression

B. certainty and discipline

C. experience and adventure

D. consideration and development

By keeping a journal, one can ________.

A. develop the usefulness of language

B. develop his memory

C. clarify the consideration to everyone

D. have a thorough understanding of his experience

Which of the following statements is NOT correct?

A. The journalist can express what has happened.

B. A journal can serve as a record of the past happening.

C. The journalist must be able to observe closely.

D. Writing helps develop the consideration of others.

The passage is mainly about ________.

A. how to write a journal

B. the expressions of a journal

C. the values of keeping a journal

D. how to solve the problems in a journal

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For the person keeping a journal, whatever he experiences and wants to hold he can write down. But to get it down on paper begins another adventure. For he has to focus on what he has experienced, and to be able to say what, in fact, the experience is. What of it is new? What of it is remarkable because of associations in the memory it stirs up? It is a good or bad thing to have happened? And why, specifically? The questions multiply  (增多) themselves quickly. As one tries to find the words that best represent this discovery, the experience becomes even clearer in its shape and meaning.
Beyond the value of the journal as record, there is the value of the discipline it teaches. The journalist begins to pay closer attention to what happened to and around himself. He develops and sharpens his skills of observation. He learns the usefulness of languages as a means of representing what he sees, and gains skill and certainty in the expression of his experiences. To have given up one’s experience to words is to have begun marking out the limits and potential of its meaning. In the journal that meaning is developed and clarified (澄清、阐明) to oneself. When the intention of the development of that meaning is the consideration of another reader, the method of the journal redirects itself and it becomes the essay.
【小题1】According to the author, keeping a journal is good for ________.

A.observation and expression
B.certainty and discipline
C.experience and adventure
D.consideration and development
【小题2】By keeping a journal, one can ________.
A.develop the usefulness of language
B.develop his memory
C.clarify the consideration to everyone
D.have a thorough understanding of his experience
【小题3】Which of the following statements is NOT correct?
A.The journalist can express what has happened.
B.A journal can serve as a record of the past happening.
C.The journalist must be able to observe closely.
D.Writing helps develop the consideration of others.
【小题4】The passage is mainly about ________.
A.how to write a journal
B.the expressions of a journal
C.the values of keeping a journal
D.how to solve the problems in a journal

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