阅读训练

阅读下面短文，判断句子的正(T)误(F)。

　　X-rays were first discovered by a German scientist, Wilhelm Konrad Rontgen, in 1895, almost by accident． He and several other scientists were experimenting with passing electric currents through certain gases in a special glass tube from which the air had been moved． One day Rontgen noticed that, even when the tube was covered with black paper, some strange kind of radiation was coming through and making a screen nearby glow． Rontgen could not see anything coming out of the tube, but then he discovered that if he put the screen in the next room on the other side of a closed door, the rays could pass not only through black paper but also through wood．

　　The next thing he found out was that if he put his hand between the rays and a photographic plate , the rays would print a shadow of the bony framework of his hand on the plate． In fact , the rays could pass as easily through the fleshy part of his hand as through the black paper, but hardly at all through the bone． So Rontgen made the first X-ray picture of a hand, showing just how the bones in the hand fit together．

1．What puzzled Rontgen one day during his experiment was the．black-paper-covered tube．

2．The screen didn't stop glowing even when it was moved to the next room．

3．Rontgen put his hand between the rays and a photographic plate to stop the radiation．

4．The rays proved to be unable to pass through wood．

5．From the passage , we know X-rays are invisible．

　　The way people hold to the belief that a fun - filled, pain free life equals happiness actually reduces their chances of ever attaining real happiness. If fun and pleasure are equal to happiness then pain must be equal to unhappiness. But in fact, the opposite is true: more often than not things that lead to happiness involve some pain.

As a result, many people avoid the very attempts that are the source of true happiness. They fear the pain inevitably(不可避免的)brought by such things as marriage, raising children, professional achievement, religious commitment (义务), self - improvement.

Ask a bachelor(单身汉)why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying. If he is honest he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment. For commitment is in fact quite painful. The single life is filled with fun, adventure, excitement. Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing features.

Couples with infant children are lucky to get a whole night’s sleep or a three - day vacation. I don’t know any parent who would choose the word fun to describe raising children. But couples who decide not to have children never know the joys of watching a child grow up or of playing with a grandchild.

Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations. It liberates（解放） time: now we can devote more hours to activities that can genuinely increase our happiness. It liberates money: buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless. And it liberates us from envy: we now understand that all those who are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all.

1. According to the author, a bachelor resists marriage chiefly because _______ .

A. he finds more fun in dating than in marriage

B. he believes that life will be more cheerful if he remains single

C. he is reluctant to take on family responsibilities

D. he fears it will put an end to all his fun adventure and excitement

2. Raising children, in the author’s opinion is ________ .

A. a rewarding task                  B. a thankless job

C. a moral duty                     D. a source of inevitable pain

3. From the last paragraph, we learn that envy sometimes stems from ________

A. hatred　　 B. ignorance      C. prejudice　　　D. misunderstanding

4. To understand what true happiness is one must ________ .

A. have as much fun as possible during one’s lifetime

B. be able to distinguish happiness from fun

C. put up with pain under all circumstances

D. make every effort to liberate oneself from pain

5. What is the author trying to tell us?

A. It is important to make commitments

B. One must know how to attain happiness.

C. Happiness often goes hand in hand with pain.

D. It is pain that leads to happiness.

As the pace of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through lift, being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body.                              

Stress is a natural part of everyday life and there is no way to avoid it. In fact, it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be. A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.                                                

The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress, and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities. Others lose heart at the first signs of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress, in whatever form, we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between "fight" or "flight" and in more primitive days the choice made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme, but however little the stress is, it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long, through continued exposure to stress, that health becomes endangered. Such serious conditions as high blood pressure and heart disease have established links with stress. Since we cannot remove stress from our lives (it would be unwise to do so even if we could), we need to find ways to deal with it.                                                               

People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because_____.                                                  

A. they do not know how to enjoy themselves                                       

B. they do not believe that relaxation is important for health      C. they are travelling fast all the time                                                    

D. they are becoming busier with their work  

According to the writer, the most important character for a good manager is his ________.   

A. not fearing stress                                                  B. knowing the art of relaxation         

C. high sense of responsibility                                   D. having control over performance   

Which of the following statements is true?  

A. We can find some ways to avoid stress.  

B. Stress is always harmful to people. 

C. It is easy to change the habit of keeping oneself busy with work.  

D. Different people can withstand different amounts of stress.  

In Paragraph 3, "such a reaction" refers back to_______. 

A. "making a choice between 'flight' or 'fight'"                                                         

B. "reaction to stress both chemically and physically"                                                     

C. "responding to crises quickly"

D. "losing heart at the signs difficulties" 

In the last sentence of the passage, "do so " refers to ______.     

A. "expose ourselves to stress"                               

B. "find ways to deal with stress" 

C. "remove stress from our lives"                   

D. "established links between diseases and stress"

When Chinese student Du Juan brought her American boyfriend home two years ago to use the toilet, her Japanese roommate became so upset that she shouted in English: "I hate you."

   Du, then 21 and an undergraduate at Bridgewater State College in Massachusetts, was shocked. So was her boyfriend.

"Later I realized that she didn't literally mean what she said and that she was not aware of the full meaning of the word 'hate' in English," said Du. "It was more a problem with translation," she added.

Cultural differences can cause confusion about what words or even actions mean, an issue that has come to the forefront recently following the arrest of a Chinese doctoral degree student in New Jersey.

Zhai Tiantian, who studied at the Stevens Institute of Technology, has been accused of trying to set fire to a campus building and of making threats to a professor who gave him a low mark. No physical altercation took place but Zhai reportedly said something along the lines of "at worst, I will risk anything on the line." The professor called the campus police.

According to the indictment sheet（起诉书）, Zhai is facing the serious charge of making a terroristic threat.

For a few days, Chinese media mistranslated, or misunderstood, the charges and reported that Zhai was being charged with terrorism.

Some language experts have speculated（推测） that the disagreement between Zhai and the professor can also be chalked up to cultural and linguistic differences. "What Chinese people regard as acceptable speech may be regarded by Americans as threats," said Luo Gang, the Chinese Consulate's Overseas Chinese Affairs consul. "This is an unfortunate incident. Even though Zhai intended no harm, he has done himself a great deal of harm."

Du, now 23, said she supports Zhai's actions in fighting to save his academic career, but added he needs to learn more about communication in a foreign language.

"Chinese students in a foreign country must prepare more in terms of languages and conversation skills to avoid misunderstandings," she said.

1.What does the underlined word “altercation” mean？

   A. fight     B. check    C. education    D. experiment

2.By saying “It was more a problem with translation”, what does Du Juan mean?

   A. Translation was not the real problem, as Du Juan and her roommate can both speak English.

   B. Du Juan can not understand what her roommate meant at all.

   C. Her roommate didn’t know what “hate” really meant in daily conservation.

   D. Her roommate spoke such poor English that she felt angry.

3.Which of the following statements about Zhai Tiantian is true?

   A. He set fire to a campus building.

   B. He argued with a professor because he received a low mark.

   C. He has received a doctor’s degree at the Stevens Institute of Technology.

   D. He is facing a serious charge because he murdered the professor.

4.What is the main idea of the passage?

   A. Du Juan’s unpleasant experience abroad.   

   B. Confusion caused by translation.

   C. Conservational skills in a foreign country.   

   D. Cultural differences between China and America.

Speeding off in a stolen car, the thief thinks he has got a great catch．But he is in for an unwelcome surprise．The car is fitted with a remote immobilizer, and a radio signal from a control centre miles away will ensure that once the thief switches the engine off, he will not be able to start it again．

The idea goes like this．A control box fitted to the car contains a mini-cellphone, a micro-processor and memory, and a GPS （全球定位系统） satellite positioning receiver．If the car is stolen, a coded （编码的） cellphone signal will tell the control centre to block the vehicle’s engine management system and prevent the engine being restarted．

In the UK, a set of technical fixes is already making life harder for car thieves．“The_pattern_of_vehicle_crime_has_changed,” says Martyn Randall, a security expert．He says it would only take him a few minutes to teach a person how to steal a car, using a bare minimum of tools．But only if the car is more than 10 years old．[来源:]

Modern cars are far tougher to steal, as their engine management computer won’t allow them to start unless they receive a unique ID code sent out by the ignition （点火） key．In the UK, technologies like this have helped achieve a 31% drop in vehicle-related crime since 1997．

But determined criminals are still managing to find other ways to steal cars, often by getting hold of the owner’s keys．And key theft is responsible for 40% of the thefts of vehicles fitted with a tracking system．

If the car travels 100 metres without the driver confirming their ID, the system will send a signal to an operations centre that it has been stolen．The hundred metres minimum avoids false alarms due to inaccuracies in the GPS signal．

Staff at the centre will then contact the owner to confirm that the car really is missing, and keep police informed of the vehicle’s movements via the car’s GPS unit．

1.The remote immobilizer is fitted to a car to ________．

         A．prevent car theft by sending a radio signal to the car owner

         B．help the police make a surprise attack on the car thief

         C．prevent the car thief from restarting it once it stops

         D．allow the car to lock automatically when stolen

2.By saying “The pattern of vehicle crime has changed”, Martyn Randall suggests that ________．

         A．it takes a longer time for the car thief to do the stealing

         B．self-prepared tools are no longer enough for car theft[来源:学&科&网]

         C．the thief has to make use of computer technology

         D．the thief has lost interest in stealing cars over 10 years old

3.________ is necessary in making a modern car tougher to steal．

         A．A coded ignition key                                 B．A unique ID card

         C．A special cellphone signal                    D．A GPS satellite positioning receiver[来源:ZXXK]

4.The operations centre will first ________ after receiving an alarm．

         A．start the tracking system                             B．contact the car owner

         C．block the car engine                                       D．locate the missing car