Anna Craig, 11, has a paper doll covered with stickers(贴纸). On each sticker is written a word, such as cheerful, smart or kind. “We choose stickers that can best describe ourselves and put them on our dolls,” explains Anna, who took part in the activity with a group of girls in the fourth grade last year.

  The activity is part of a program called “Beautiful Me.” The program’s goals are to help girls achieve a normal and healthy level of self-respect and develop basic skills of solving problems and handling relationships with others. So far, about 6,000 girls in New York, Chicago and Philadelphia, have joined in it.

  The organizers of “Beautiful Me” train teachers to present the program material to small groups of girls. They guide groups to carry out different activities. The activities include hands-on art activities, role-playing games and discussions on topics like making lasting friendships. Groups will show their performance, when they are ready.

  The organizers of “Beautiful Me” say the program helps girls understand their feelings, solve problems and get along well with others. Anna Craig says that she learns so many things from the program. But most importantly, she starts to appreciate the special qualities of other people. She also thinks that it’s important to feel good about herself. When people feel good about themselves, it is easy to make other people around them feel good too!

Last year, a report by a committee of education experts said that a lot of American students cannot write well. The report noted the concerns of business leaders and teachers. The experts said that more students should have to pass a writing test before they can finish high school. They pointed out that major college entrance tests are changing now to include a writing part.

　　Educators know that teaching students to write well is not easy. One problem is the amount of time needed to read through large amounts of work. So some companies have developed computer programs. These can grade student writing much more quickly than a person can. Writing tests can also cost less to carry out by computer than paper-and-pencil. These computer systems are known as e-readers. They use artificial (人工的) intelligence to think in a way like teachers. In the state of Indiana, computer grading of a statewide writing test began with a test of the system itself. For two years, both a computer and humans graded the student writing. Officials say there was almost no difference between the computer grades and those given by the human readers.

　　The entrance test commonly used by business schools, the GMAT, already uses e-readers. The GRE and TOEFL tests might start; officials are deciding. The GRE is the Graduate Record Examination. TOEFL is the Test of English as a Foreign Language.

　　Systems are also being used to grade writing in college classes. The computers read a few hundred examples of student writing already graded by humans. Then the systems compare new writings against those already examined.

　　How do teachers feel all about this? Many say machines can never do the job as well as people can. A computer can find spelling and grammar mistakes. But these teachers say it can never really understand what a writer is trying to say. Critics say a program cannot follow a thought or judge humor or understand a beautifully expressed idea.

　　But inventors of the programs say computer grading guarantees that each piece of writing is graded in the same way. They also say the systems are meant to judge knowledge more than creativity.

What do the teachers think of the computer system?

       A. They think highly of the computer systems.

       B. They think that computers cannot grade writing as well as people.

       C. They believe that computers can understand a writer’s idea well

       D. They are glad computers will spare their effort to correct students’ school work.

From the first paragraph we can conclude that _________.

       A. American students’ writing ability is being improved

       B. American students’ writing ability is not satisfactory

       C. business leaders and teachers are not worried about students’ writing

       D. all college entrance tests will include a writing part

Which of the following is NOT the advantage of e-readers?

       A. Saving much of teachers’ time.　    B. Saving a lot of money.

　    C. Being fair and objective.   D. Appreciating humor and beauty

The best title of this passage might be _________.

       A. Computer-graded Writing B. Human-graded Writing

       C. How to Improve Students’ Writing   D. Advantages of E-readers

International Studies (BA)

       Key features

       ● Recognizes the “global community”（国际社会）

       ● Has close connections with practical research

       ● Much of the teaching is done in small discussion groups

       About the course

       The course gives you chances to know great power polities between nation states. It will provide more space to study particular issues such as relationship among countries in the European Union, third world debt, local and international disagreement, and the work of such international bodies as the United Nations, the European Union, NATO, and the World Bank.

       The course puts theories into the working of the international system with close attention to particular countries. You will also have a better knowledge of methods of solving the international problems.

       Related courses

       BA (Hons) Community Management

       BA (Hons) Public Policy and Management

       Employment possibilities

       International organizations

       International business

Earth Science (BSc)

       Key features

       ● Based on key courses and the latest research findings

       ● Pays much attention to practical skills

       ● Offers chances for fieldwork（实地考察）

       About the course

       The demand for natural resources is becoming an increasingly serious problem for the future of mankind. Graduates in Earth Science will play an important role in meeting this demand, and in knowing the meaning of using the natural resources.

       The course covers geography and geology. You will carry out fieldwork in the UK and possibly overseas, and a research in an area of interest to you in the final year.

       Related courses

       BSc (Hons) Geograhpy

       BSc (Hons) Geology

       Employment possibilities

       Mineral, oil, water or other related engineering industries

International Studies is a course in ________.

       A. international polities       B. international business

       C. international systems        D. international bodies

After taking the course of International Studies, the students will _______.

       A. become practical and open-minded

       B. have a greater ability to discuss theories

       C. know how to settle international problems

       D. have good jobs in any international organizations

Earth Science, as described in the second text, ________.

       A. is attractive because of the chances for fieldwork

       B. pays more attention to practical skills than theories

       C. is built on important courses and the results of recent studies

       D. encourages students to play a role in using natural resources

It can be inferred that the above two texts are written for the students who _______.

       A. enjoy research work         B. plan to choose courses

       C. study in the UK               D. are interested in overseas fieldwork

原创（七）

Alcohol is often taken as a symbol of a special celebration or as a sign of friendship．So it is    36   to see people toasting with a large glass of alcohol to the health or fortune.   37   , every year, alcohol also ruins thousands of lives and destroys many happy families .

Some people drink alcohol to   38    their tension or pain. They   39    think that through drinking, they can   40    from their problems and worries. But it is never a   41   ．During those hours of drinking, alcohol only numbs（麻木）their senses and makes them forget their worries.   42   , when they wake up, their problems are still unsolved .

A   43   alcohol drinker is running the great   44   of getting heart diseases and liver（肝脏）failure. Too much alcohol taken into the body system, death will    45   occur. Alcohol also affects unborn babies    46   . Those pregnant mothers with    47    alcohol in their blood system risk    48   their unborn babies to suffer from defects（缺陷）at birth.     49   , babies are innocent victims due to their mothers’ mistake. Therefore they should be extremely cautious  of any alcohol and it is better to    50   all drinking during pregnancy(怀孕期).

Drunken driving is one of the worst    51    of alcohol abuse. Every year, many lives are lost due to   52    driving on roads and highways. A drunk driver cannot see and judge the distance    clearly and will find it difficult to control his vision and    53    on the road，so he    54    control over his reflexes. That is    55    accidents occur. Not only does he hurt himself but also other innocent road users.

36.A.normal                 B.common             C.ideal                  D. regular

37.A.Accidently            B. Fortunately        C.Excitedly           D. Unfortunately

38. A. relieve                      B.increase              C.create                 D.produce

39. A.usually               B.surely             C. mistakenly            D. aimlessly

40. A.differ                  B. solve                 C. cancel              D. escape

41. A. success               B. solution            C. fact                  D. decision

42. A. However             B. Meanwhile        C. So                   D. Besides

43. A. social                 B. heavy             C. addicted           D.light

44. A.advantages           B.possessions         C.risks                  D.measures

45. A. eventually           B. probably           C.hardly                D.strongly

46. A.anxiously            B. Disastrously    C. extensively        D.differently

47. A. proper                B.little                  C. excessive           D.no

48. A. causing              B.making                     C. having              D.protecting

49. A.Above all             B.First of all          C.All in all           D. After all

50.A. run out                      B.leave out            C. cut out             D.carry out

51.A. reasons                      B. causes              C. effects              D. examples

52. A. drunken             B.normal               C.careless              D. dangerous

53.A. patience              B.emotion             C. judgement         D.imagination

54.A.manages to           B.tries to               C.refuses to           D.fails to

55.A.when                    B.what                  C.where         D. how