Many people like the feeling of the gentle wind in spring. Many like to see the falling leaves dancing in the wind in autumn. But sometimes, when the wind becomes a storm, it can be very destructive(毁灭性的).

　 A series of such storms struck the US last month and caused very serious damage and human pain.

　 Every year, major storms cause many problems around the world. There is nothing people can do to stop these powerful forces of nature. But new techniques are helping scientists to predict(预测) how, when, and where big storms will happen. The more exact scientists' warnings are, the better people can prepare for the storms.

　 Predictions are improving. "We've gotten better over the years, especially the last few years," says Phil Klotzback, a scientist at an American university. How is a storm formed? Even if scientists know where a storm will happen, winds can suddenly change, carrying the storm to a new direction. "For a hurricane to happen, conditions have to be just right," Klotzbach says.

　 First, the ocean water needs to be warm enough so that it evaporates and rises into the air. As it rises, the vapor(水蒸气) cools and turns back into liquid. This process gives off heat. This produces energy like an engine that causes winds to increase. It drives the formation（形成） of a hurricane.

　 If wind speeds reach 40 miles per hour, the system is called a "tropical storm"（热带风暴）, and it gets a name. At 75 miles per hour, it becomes a hurricane.

　 Hurricanes that hit the US start when a thunderstorm forms off the coast of Africa. Storms also develop over tropical waters in other parts of the world.

　 On average, 60 or 70 storms form off Africa every year. About 10 of them get names. There are usually about six hurricanes. Two tend to be very big, with winds of 115 miles per hour or higher.

　 The hurricane season lasts from June to November. Ninety percent of all hurricanes hit in August, September, and October.

　 1. According to the text, hurricanes usually _____.

　　　 A. form off the coast of Africa and America

　　　 B. travel at 40 miles per hour and get its name

　　　 C. cause sea winds to rise and blow over the sea

　　　 D. hit parts of the world in summer and autumn

　 2. If _______________, people can prepare for the storms better.

　　 　A. people fully realize the destroy of storms

　　　 B. scientists give predictions or warnings of storms more exactly

　　　 C. scientists know where a storm will happen

　　　 D. conditions of the storms are just to be right.

　 3. The underlined word "evaporates"(in Paragraph 5) probably means

　　　 "_____".

　　　 A. begins to move　　　　　　　 B. gets lost

　　　 C. becomes hot　　　　　　　　 D. changes into a gas

　 4. Which of the following about the information of a hurricane is the

　　　 correct order?

　　　 a. The ocean water evaporates and goes into the air.

　　　 b. Heat creates energy and causes winds to increase.

　　　 c. The vapor cools.

　　　 d. The ocean water is warm enough.

　　　 e. The vapor changes back into liquid.

　　　 f. This course gives out heat.

　　　 A. a, d, e, b, c, f　　　　　　　　 B. a, b, c, f, d, e

　　　 C. d, a, c, e, f, b　　　　　　　　 D. d, a, b, c, e, f

　 5. Which of the following statements is NOT true?

　　　 A. The speed of the biggest two hurricanes reaches 115miles per hour.

　　　 B. About one third of the hurricanes tend to be very big.

　　　 C. One out of six or seven storms get names.

　　　 D. Every year at least 60 storms form off Africa.

Many people like the feeling of the gentle wind in spring. Many like to see the falling leaves dancing in the wind in autumn. But sometimes, when the wind becomes a storm, it can be very destructive (毁灭性的).

A series of such storms struck the US last month and caused very serious damage and human pain.

Every year, major storms cause many problems around the world. There is nothing people can do to stop these powerful forces of nature. But new techniques are helping scientists to predict how, when, and where big storms will happen. The more exact scientists’ warnings are, the better people can prepare for the storms.

Predictions are improving. “We’ve gotten better over the years, especially the last few years,” says Phil Klotzback, a scientist at an American university. How is a storm formed? Even if scientists know where a storm will happen, winds can suddenly change, carrying the storm to a new direction. “For a hurricane to happen, conditions have to be just right,” Klotzback says.

　 First, the ocean water needs to be warm enough so that it evaporates and rises into the air. As it rises, the air containing drops of water cools and turns back into liquid. This process gives off heat. This produces energy like an engine that causes winds to increase. It drives the formation of a hurricane.

If wind speeds reach 40 miles per hour, the system is called a “tropical storm”, and it gets a name. At 75 miles per hour, it becomes a hurricane. Hurricanes that hit the US start when a thunderstorm forms off the coast Africa. Storms also develop over tropical waters in other parts of the world.

On average, 60 or 70 storms form off Africa every year. About 10 of them get names. There are usually about six hurricanes. Two tend to be very big, with winds of 115 miles per hour or a bit higher.

The hurricane season lasts from June to November. Ninety percent of all hurricanes hit in August, September and October.

68. According to the text, hurricanes usually ________.

A. form off the coast of Africa and America

B. hit parts of the world in summer and autumn

C. cause sea winds to rise and blow over the sea

D. strike the US but cause no damage

69. The underlined word “evaporates” (in Paragraph 5) probably means “________ .”

A. begins to move　　 B. gets lost　　 C. becomes hot　 D. changes into a gas

70. Which of the following about the information of a hurricane is the correct order?

a. The ocean water evaporates and goes into the air.

b. Heat creates energy and causes winds to increase.

c. The vapor cools.　　　　　　　　　　　　

d. The ocean water is warm enough.

e. The vapor changes back into liquid.　　　

f. This course gives out heat.

　 A. a, d, e, b, c, f　　　 B. a, b, c, f, d, e　　 C. d, a, c, e, f, b　　 D. d, a, b, c, e, f

III.完形填空（共20小题,每题1.5分,满分30分）
阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,然后从36-55各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。
When children are very young, they learn from their grandparents and parents what is proper and good behavior.
A two-year-old child always  36  of himself or herself first. Sometimes, he or she tells people “This is  37 .” Of course, the  38  of sharing has to be  39  so that the child learns to  40  along with another child.
It is  41  for a family member to train the child so that he or she can  42  how to serve others and become a useful person in  43 . Discipline(纪律) should always be given with  44 .
Once a young child is taught to  45 , the child begins to realize that  46  is not a punishment but a valuable  47  in life. The idea of discipline becomes more important  48  the child is a student in elementary school..
If a person is  49 , he or she will not have  50  in life. If a person is trained, it doesn’t  51  what job he or she accepts, and there will be a  52  result. Parents and grandparents are very  53  that young children learn discipline early in their life, for happiness and pride will be the  54  of their achievements.
Usually, it is in middle school that children decide whether they will accept discipline as the road to success. For those who do, the  55  is very bright leading to a happy life.
36.A. cares          B. says 　　   C. speaks          D. thinks
37.A. mine          B. ours        C. theirs           D. yours
38.A. fact         B. idea         C. reason       D. mind
39.A. exchanged   B. introduced    C. brought          D. known
40.A. come          B. go          C. do             D. get
41.A. necessary   B. easy          C. hard         D. clear
42.A. learn     B. study     C. guess         D. remember
43.A. country    B. family    C. society       D. public
44.A. dislike    B. excitement   C. love        D. anger
45.A. live        B. share          C. play       D. work
46.A. homework  B. order       C. exam     D. discipline
47.A. lesson      B. text         C. class       D. work
48.A. though    B. because    C. since         D. when
49.A. taught     B. unknown        C. popular        D. untrained
50.A. help       B. business         C. success     D. purpose
51.A. matter    B. like     C. seem         D. appear
52.A. bad        B. good    C. final         D. natural
53.A. careful    B. worried    C. surprised      D. hopeful
54.A. example         B. reason    C. result         D. point
55.A. future      B. sun        C. day        D. sky

The research is so designed that once ______ nothing can be done to change it.

　 A. begins 　 B. having begun C. beginning 　 D. begun

阅读理解

　　Every living thing has a physical boundary(分界线) that separated it from its external environment. Beginning with the bacteria and the simple cell and ending with man, every organism has a certain limit which marks where it begins and ends.

　　Anyone who has had experience with dogs, particularly in the countryside such as on farms, is familiar with the way in which the dog handles space. In the first place, the dog knows the limits of his aster's yard and will defend it against encroachment. There are also certain places where he steeps: a spot next to the fireplace, a spot in the kitchen, or one in the dinning room if he is allowed there. In short a dog has fixed points to which he returns time after time depending upon the occasion. One can also observe that the dog creates zone he is in, a trespasser(非法进入者) can cause different behaviours when he crosses the invisible lines which are meaningful to the dog.

　　This is particularly noticeable in females with pup-pies. A mother who has a new litter(一胎所生的小动物) in a little-used barn wall claim the barn as her territory. When the door opens she may make a slight movement or stir in one corner. Nothing else may happen as the intruder moves ten or fifteen feet into the barn. Then the dog may raise her head or get up circle about and lie down as another visible boundary is crossed. One can tell about where the line is by withdrawing and watching when her head goes down. As additional lines are crossed, there will be other signals, a thumping(重击) of the tail, a low moan or a growl. One can also observe comparable behavior in other vertebrates(脊椎动物)－fish, birds and mammals.

1．A dog on a farm knows ________.

[　　]

A．the size of its master's yard

B．the only fixed place where it should sleep

C．it should not sleep in the kitchen

D．the area that it should defend

2．A female dog with puppies will probably ________.

[　　]

A．attack any stranger who comes near

B．signal differently according to different occasions

C．raise her head at the sight of a stranger

D．growl when a stranger leaves her territory

3．It can be inferred from the third paragraph that mother dogs ________.

[　　]

A．have a sense of gradual territory

B．protect their babies cautiously

C．are ready to attack strangers

D．prefer to raise babies in barns

4．In the second paragraph, the underlined word “encroachment” probably means ________.

[　　]

5．Which of the following is FALSE according to the passage?

[　　]

A．Dogs sleep at certain places in the yard or house.

B．logs will respond to territory trespasser.

C．The boundary lines are visible and meaningful to dogs.

D．Fish, birds belong to vertebrates.