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Psychology has a new application in the field of medicine. Many doctors, together with their patients, are looking for alternative methods of treatment of physical problems. In large hospitals, modern therapy（疗法） seems to focus on the physical disease. Patients may feel they are treated like broken machines. Some doctors have recognized this as a problem. They are now using psychological therapy, in which the patient is working with the doctors against the disease with the help of medicine. The patient does not wait for the medicine and treatment to cure him or her, but instead the patient joins in the fight.
The doctor knows that a disease affects a patient's body physically. The body of the patient changes because of the disease. He is not only physically affected, but also has an emotional response to the disease. Because his mind is affected, his attitude and behavior change. The medical treatment might cure the patient's physical problems, but the patient's mind must fight the emotional ones. For example, the studies of one doctor, Carl Simonton, M. D., have shown that a typical cancer patient has predictable attitudes. She typically feels depressed, upset, and angry. Her constant depression makes her acts unfriendly toward her family, friends, doctors, and nurses. Such attitudes and behaviors prevent recovery. Therefore, a doctor's treatment must help the patient change that. Simonton's method emphasizes treatment of the “whole” patient.
The attitude of a cancer patient receiving radiation therapy, an X-ray treatment, can become more positive. The physician who is following Simonton's psychological treatment plan suggests that the patient imagine that he or she can see the tumor（肿瘤） in the body. In the mental picture, the patient "sees" a powerful beam of radiation like a million bullets of energy. The patient imagines the beam hitting the tumor cells and causing them to shrink. For another cancer patient, Dr. Simonton asks him to imagine the medicine going from the stomach into the bloodstream and to the cancer cells. The patient imagines that the medicine is like an army fighting the diseased cells and sees the cancer cells gradually dying and his blood carry away the dead cells. Both the medical therapy and the patient's positive attitude fight the disease.
Doctors are not certain why this mental therapy works. However, this use of psychology does help some patients because their attitudes about themselves change. They become more confident because they use the power within their own minds to help stop the disease.
Another application of using the mind to help cure disease is the use of suggestion therapy. At first, the doctor helps the patient to concentrate deeply. The patient thinks only about one thing. He becomes so unaware of other things around him that he is asleep, or rather in a trance（催眠状态）. Then the physician makes “a suggestion” to the patient about the medical problem. The patient's mind responds to the suggestion even after the patient is no longer in the trance. In this way, the patient uses his mind to help his body respond to treatment.
Doctors have learned that this use of psychology is helpful for both adults and children. For example, physicians have used suggestion to help adults deal with the strong pain of some disease. Furthermore, sometimes the adult patient worries about her illness so much that the anxiety keeps her from getting well. The right suggestions may help the patient to stop being anxious. Such treatment may help the patient with a chronic（慢性的）diseases. Asthma （哮喘） is an example of a chronic disorder. Asthma is a disease that causes the patient to have difficulty in breathing. The patient starts to cough and sometimes has to fight to get the air that he or she needs. Psychology can help relieve the symptoms of this disorder. After suggestion therapy, the asthma patient breathes more easily.
Physicians have learned that the psychological method is very useful in treating children. Children respond quickly to the treatment because they are fascinated by it. For example, Dr. Basil R. Collison has worked with 121 asthmatic children in Sydney, Australia, and had good results. Twenty-five of the children had Excellent results. They were able to breathe more easily, and they did not need medication. Another forty-three were also helped. The symptoms of the asthma occurred less frequently, and when they did, they were not as strong. Most of the children also felt better about themselves. Doctors have also used suggestion to change habits like nail-biting, thumb-sucking, and sleep-related problems.
Many professional medical groups have accepted the medical use of psychology and that psychology has important applications in medicine.
55. What does the passage mainly discuss?
A. How to use the mind against disease.
B. How modern therapy focuses on the disease.
C. Responses from the medical world.
D. How suggestion therapy benefits adults and children.
56. How does psychological therapy work?
A. The patient waits for the medicine and treatment to cure him.
B. The doctor uses medical treatment to cure the patient's problems.
C. The doctor, the medicine, and the patient work together to fight disease.
D. The patient uses his mind to cure himself.
57. What can we learn from the studies of Carl Simonton, M. D.?
A. The medical treatment can cure the patient's mental disease.
B. The treatment of a patient by treating the body and the mind is necessary.
C. The mental treatment is more important than medical treatment.
D. Few patients have emotional response to the disease.
58. The use of psychological therapy is helpful to some patients in that .
A. the medical effect is better with psychological therapy than without it
B. the patients can see a powerful beam of radiation hitting their tumor cells
C. the patients' attitudes towards themselves have changed
D. the patients are easy to accept the methods the doctors use to treat them
59. It can be learned from the passage that suggestion therapy cannot be used to .
A. help adults deal with the strong pain of some diseases
B. help the patients with chronic diseases
C. help change some bad habits
D. help cure patients of insomnia（失眠症）
60. According to the passage, which of the following remains unknown so far?
A. The value of mental therapy.
B. The effectiveness of suggestion therapy.
C. The working principle of suggestion therapy.
D. The importance of psychology in medical treatment.
查看习题详情和答案>>单词拼写
57. Smiles around the world can be f____________, hiding other feelings like anger, fear or worry.
58. Yesterday, another student and I, r_______________ our university’s student association, went to the Capital International Airport to meet this year’s international students.
59. This character was a social f____________ but was loved for his optimism and determination to overcome all the difficulties.
60. In 1972 he was given a special Oscar for his o___________ work in films.
61. Though there is a g______________ gap between my parents and me, I try my best to understand them..
62. After careful c________________, they have decided to accept our offer.
63. Don’t a_______ with me, for I won’t change my decision.
64. The tramp ,a poor, h__________ man with a moustache, wore large trousers, worn-out shoes and a small round black hat.
查看习题详情和答案>>Wanted，Someone for a Kiss
We’re looking for producers to join us on the sound of London Kiss 100 FM. You’ll work on the station’s music programs. Music production experience in radio is necessary，along with rich knowledge of modern dance music. Please apply in writing to Producer Vacancies，Kiss 100.
Father Christmas
We’re looking for a very special person，preferably over 40，to fill our Father Christmas suit.
Working days：Every Saturday from November 24 to December 15 and every day from December 17 to December 24 except Sundays, 10:30－16:00.
Excellent pay.
Please contact the Enterprise Shopping Centre，Station Parade，Eastbourne.
Accountants Assistant
When you join the team in our Revenue Administration Unit，you will be providing assistance within all parts of the Revenue Division，dealing with post and other general duties. If you are educated to GCSE grade C level we would like to talk to you. This position is equally suitable for a school leaver or for somebody who has office experience.
Wealden District Council
Software Trainer
If you are aged 24-45 and have experience in teaching and training，you could be the person we are looking for. You should be good at the computer and have some experience in program writing. You will be allowed to make your own decisions，and to design courses as well as present them. Pay upwards of￡15，000 for the right person. Please apply by sending your CV (简历) to Mrs R. Oglivie, Palmlace Limited.
57．Who should you get in touch with if you hope to work in a radio station？
A．Producer Vacancies，Kiss 100.
B．Mrs Oglivie，Palmlace Limited.
C．The Enterprise Shopping Centre.
D．Wealden District Council.
58．We learn from the ads that the Enterprise Shopping Centre needs a person who________.
A．is aged between 24 and 40
B．may do some training work
C．should deal with general duties
D．can work for about a month
59．Which position is open to recent school graduates？
A．Producer，London Kiss.
B．Father Christmas.
C．Accountants Assistant.
D．Software Trainer.
60．What kind of person would probably apply to Palmlace Limited？
A．One with GCSE grade C level.
B．One with some office experience.
C．One having good computer knowledge.
D．One trained in producing music programs.
查看习题详情和答案>>短文填词
My hometown used to be a beautiful place. Thick forests
and green grass land could be seen _____. From the 1970’s, 56. __________
in order to build more houses and get more _____(谷物), people there 57. __________
cut more and more trees, _____(随着) time went by, the whole forest was 58. __________
cut and the green hills became wasteland. As a _____, the sandstorm 59. __________
hit there _____ and then and the people are suffering a lot. What I 60. __________
want to say is that I do hope everyone could r what the result 61. __________
would be if they don’t pay enough attention to the _____(环境). We 62. __________
should love the forests and _____ more trees, not cut them as you like. 63. __________
Thus we could improve the c of life. I wrote this to the China 64. __________
Daily and it was _____(发表, 出版) soon. 65. __________
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Many people take it for granted that black is a color of bad related to darkness and white to purity. However, that is not always the case. Did you know thatching while white should always mean something good. This may be because, in their opinion, black is r the same one colour may mean differently in different places of the world?
In the English-speaking world, black is the colour of mourning. People wear black clothes at the funeral. Red is concerned with danger or bloodshed（流血）. Yellow is the word for fear. If you are afraid, you are yellow. Yet none of these sayings is true outside the English-speaking world. In China and Korea white is the colour of mourning. In Russia, China and some other countries, red stands for beauty, life and excellence. In Italy and Germany, you are yellow with anger, not with fear.
Even within the English-speaking area it is not difficult to find colour contradictions（矛盾）. A redcap in the United States is a porter in a railway station. In Britain, however, a redcap is a military policeman. Both names are logical because both men wear red caps. Similarly, the British term for an American white collar worker is sometimes called a black-coated worker.
One does not have to cross an area to find color differences. Would you rather be red-blooded? If we go back to the origin, we find that both terms are logical as both names suggest. The expression "blueblood" comes from Spain, where some noble families proudly said that they had "blue blood". But then why "blue" blood? Because they were fairskinned, and it is only natural that their blood vessels（血管）stood out appearing blue.
56. Yellow is concerned with anger in _______.
A. Russia B. Britain C. Germany D. China
57. The two meanings of the term "redcap" form a difference in _______.
A. pronunciation B. climate C. logical relationship D. custom
58. Both Britain and America would probably agree that _______.
A. black is the color of mourning B. a black-coated worker is employed in an office
C. red stands for beauty and excellence D. a redcap is a porter in a station
59. The best title for this passage is _______.
A. The Origin of Blue Blood B. The Development of the Symbolic Use of Colors
C. Colors that Carry Bad Meanings D. The Meaning Concerned With Certain Colors
60. When some Spanish called themselves "blueblood", they actually meant _______.
A. they had heart trouble and their faces looked blue B. they came from a noble family
C. they had blue blood in their vessels D. they were fairskinned
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