When one person gains weight, their close friends often follow. Researchers have just offered

evidence in a study that says obesity（肥胖）appears to spread through society. But the findings

might also offer hope.

    If friends help make obesity acceptable, then they might also be influential in losing the fat.

The researchers note that support groups are already an effective tool in dealing with other socially influenced problems, like alcoholism(酗酒).

　　The findings appeared in the New England Journal of Medicine. The researchers used information collected from 12,000 people. It was collected between 1972 and 2003 as part of the Framingham Heart Study.

　　The information was highly detailed. There was even contact information for close friends of the people in the study.

　　The researchers examined more than 40,000 social ties. They found a person’s chances of becoming severely overweight increased by 50% if a friend had become obese. The risk for a wife or husband was a little less than that.

Nicholas Christakis of Harvard Medical School was a lead researcher in the study. He says there is a direct causal relationship between a person getting fat and being followed in weight gain by a friend.

　　The study found that the sex of the friends was also an influence. In same-sex friendship, a person had a 71% increased risk of becoming obese. Men had a 44% increased risk of becoming obese after weight gain in a brother. In sisters, it was 67%.

　　The researchers also considered the effect of where people lived in relation to each other. James Fowler of the University of California was the other lead expert. He says a friend who lives a few hundred kilometers away has as much influence as one in the same neighborhood. He says the study demonstrates the need to consider that a major part of people’s health is tied to their social connections.

　　Both researchers say their research shows that obesity is not just a private medical issue, but also a public health problem.

1．What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph Two mean?

　　A．Obesity has negative influence on close friends.

　　B．Friends might also play a part in losing weight.

　　C．One might have positive influence on one’s friend.

　　D．Friendship may have little to do with one’s health.

2．Which of the following statements would Nicholas Christakis agree to?

　　A．If one gains weight, one’s friends are likely to get fat.

　　B．Social problems like alcoholism are easy to deal with.

　　C．Friends usually don’t follow each other to lose weight.

　　D．One might influence others on their social behavior.

3．James Fowler seems to believe that__________ .

　　A．a friend who lives nearby affects us most

　　B．one’s health has nothing to do with friends

　　C．social connections have effects on one’s life

　　D．a friend living faraway has the same influence as one’s neighbor

4．The author makes his point clear in the text that__________ .

　　A．a major part of people’s health is based on their genes

　　B．friends living closer have greater influence on one’s health

　　C．social relationship is closely connected with people’s health

　　D．people’s physical condition is subject （受支配的） to social connections

完形填空 (共20小题；每小题1．5分，满分30分)

       阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后所给各题的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑

We should learn to put love in motion every day．We should show our children that even the   36  act of kindness counts．

The chiming clock announced it was time to leave for church, but I was far from   37 ．Seeing this, my husband   38   to iron my clothes for me．Our 3-year-old daughter approached him．

“Are you ironing   39   shirt, Daddy? ” she asked．

“No, I’m ironing Mommy’s shirt．”

“Oh, did you think it was your shirt? ” A small giggle（咯咯笑）escaped her   40  ．“That’s silly．” k+s-5#u 

“No, I knew it was Mommy’s shirt．” he said．

A(n)   41   expression crossed my daughter’s face．“Then why are you doing that?”

“Because your Mommy is a special person, and I like to   42   her．” he answered．

“Oh,” she happily replied, and then skipped out of the room．“I’m going to help my brother．”

As our children’s   43   teachers, we know that little eyes watch our every move．They imitate not only our actions, but our 　44  ．For example, we often hear our children   45   their brothers, sisters or friends in a   46   we know they learned from   47  ．But on the positive side, the propensity (倾向性) to   48   can serve us well when we try to model, and   49  teach, an attitude of kindness and cheerful servanthood．

We all try to do nice things for our family．Think about the last time when you cooked a meal or folded laundry．  50   did you feel about   51   your family in this way? Were you glad to do it   52   did you feel resentful that you were stuck with this mundane (平凡的) chore?   53  , none of us has a cheerful servant’s heart every day．  54   if we want our children willingly to reach out to others and show kindness and compassion, it is essential that they see us doing the   55  ．

36．A．biggest    B．smallest  C．least            D．best

37．A．relaxed    B．satisfied         C．ready    D．happy

38．A．showed    B．provided C．supplied    D．offered

39．A．my        B．your            C．our             D．their

40．A．lips       B．nose            C．eyes     D．ears

41．A．upset      B．funny           C．puzzled  D．proud

42．A．offer      B．gain     C．give     D．help

43．A．last       B．first     C．closest   D．best

44．A．behavior B．attitudes   C．manners        D．thought

45．A．praise     B．point    C．appreciate       D．scold

46．A．tone       B．word    C．voice    D．accent

47．A．others      B．friends          C．us              D．teachers

48．A．imitate     B．give            C．obtain           D．learn

49．A．in charge      B．in detail       C．in return             D．in turn

50．A．What     B．How            C．That            D．Whether  

51．A．serving    B．caring         C．leaving          D．building

52．A．and         B．or     C．but        D．otherwise

53．A．Surprisingly     B．Naturally            C．Regularly            D．Patiently

54．A．Maybe     B．Still     C．Otherwise       D．But

55．A．good            B．job            C．example             D．same