摘要: The murder case is by the police now.

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  A Charlotte, N.C., man was charged with first-degree murder of a 79-year-old woman whom police said he scared to death.In an attempt to evade policemen after a bank robbery, the Associated Press reports that 20-year-old Larry Whitfield broke into the home of Mary Parnell.Police say he didn't touch Parnell but that she died after suffering a heart attack that was caused by terror.Can the guy be held responsible for the woman's death?Prosecutors(公诉人)said that he can under the state's murder rule, which allows someone to be charged with murder if he or she causes another person's death while committing or fleeing from a severe crime like robbery-even if he or she doesn't kill someone on purpose.

  But, medically speaking, can someone actually be frightened to death?We asked Martin Samuels, chairman of the neurology department at Brigham and Women's Hospital in Boston.

  Absolutely, no question about it.

  The body has a natural protective method called the fight-or-flight response(战或逃反应), which was originally described by Walter Cannon, the chairman of Harvard University's physiology department from 1906 to 1942.If, in the wild, an animal is faced with a life-threatening situation, the autonomic nervous system responds by increasing heart rate, increasing blood flow to the muscles, and slowing digestion, among other things.All of this increases the chances of succeeding in a fight or running away from an aggressive beast.This process certainly would be of help to primitive humans.However, in the modern world there is obvious decline of the fight-or-flight response.

  The autonomic nervous system uses the chemical messenger to send signals to various parts of the body to activate the fight-or-flight response.This chemical is toxic in large amounts; it damages the organs such as the heart, lungs, liver and kidneys.It is believed that almost all sudden deaths are caused by damage to the heart.There is almost no other organ that would fail so fast as to cause sudden death.Kidney failure, liver failure, those things don't kill you suddenly.

  By the way, any strong positive or negative emotions such as happiness or sadness can cause the same result.There are people who have died in intercourse or in religious passion.There was a case of a golfer who hit a hole in one, turned to his partner and said,“I can die now”, and then he dropped dead.For about seven days after the 9/11 terrorist attacks on the World Trade Center and Pentagon there was an increase of sudden cardiac death among New Yorkers.

(1)

Why the Charlotte, N.C., man was charged?

[  ]

A.

Because he threatened the policemen to kill an old woman.

B.

Because he caused an old woman's terror and she died.

C.

Because he beat an old woman and caused her heart attack

D.

Because he murdered an old woman while robbing a bank.

(2)

Which of the following about the fight-or-flight response is true?

[  ]

A.

The fight-or-flight response was raised and proved by Martin A.Samuels.

B.

It is a natural protective method that can't be found in all creatures but humans.

C.

The ancient humans had a superior fight-or-flight response than modern ones.

D.

The fight-or-flight response is beneficial to both our actions and organs.

(3)

What activity can we infer is less likely to damage the organs?

[  ]

A.

Winning a big lottery.

B.

Missing a dead family.

C.

Watching a horror movie.

D.

Listening to a sweet song.

(4)

The purpose of the passage is ________.

[  ]

A.

to explain why people will die of a heart attack

B.

to offer some advice on protecting us from heart failure

C.

to compare different kinds of feelings to cause a death

D.

to show strong emotions can cause a sudden death

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  A hotel worker went on a shooting rampage at a Tampa(坦帕,美国港市) hotel on Thursday, killing four co-workers in the hotel and a woman in a nearby parking lot, police said. The gunman also wounded three people before he was taken into custody (拘留). Police said this latest one in a series of mass (人数极多的) shootings in the United States, began about mid-afternoon at the Radisson Bay Harbour on Courtney Campbell. Witnesses (目击者) described a chaotic (处于混乱状态的)scene as the gunman fired shots in the lobby and pool area of the hotel before commandeering (强取) a car and fleeing. “I came here from New York City to escape the craziness there and wound up in one of the most insane (疯狂的) situations I have ever been in,” a witness to the shootings told local media (大众传媒). Police said the gunman fled to a nearby restaurant parking lot, where he shot and killed a woman and took another car. The gun-man, who had two weapons, was quickly cornered by pursuing (追捕,追赶) police and offered no resistance when he was taken into custody. It was the worst shooting rampages in Tampa since May of 1998, when a man who had been arrested as a suspect (嫌疑犯) in the shooting death of his four-year-old son escaped from police custody and shot to death three police officers. That assailant (攻击者) ,Hank Earl Cart, held police at bay for four hours at a gas station north of Tampa before killing himself.

  The hotel killings were the latest in a series of mass shootings in the United States. last month, in the worst mass murder in Hawaii’s history, a 15-year employee of Xerox shot seven men to death at the Honolulu warehouse where he worked. In September a gunman killed seven people at a youth group at the crowded Wedgwood Baptist Church in Texas before turning the gun on himself. And in July a gunman described as a depressed (沮丧的) person killed nine people in Atlanta before turning the gun on himself. He had earlier killed his wife and two children in a suburb.

1.There are ________ people killed in the Tampa hotel shootings.

[  ]

A.four
B.five
C.six
D.eight

2.The word “rampage” (Sentence 1, Para. 1) most probablymeans ________.

[  ]

A.attack
B.fight
C.game
D.disturbance

3.The passage is probably found in ________.

[  ]

A.a newspaper
B.a magazine
C.a text book
D.a hotel guide book

4.Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

[  ]

A.There are a series of mass shootings in the United States.

B.The shooting at a Tampa hotel is the worst one up to now.

C.Many gunmen killed themselves after shooting people dead.

D.The gunman in Atlanta case killed nine people before he killed his family members.

5.The passage mainly tells us about ________.

[  ]

A.hotel shootings in America

B.the latest shootings in America

C.serious shootings in American

D.the worst shooting in America

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阅读理解。
     George Zimmerman's first court appearance before a Florida judge came on Tuesday in connection
with the shooting of 17-year-old Trayvon Martin. The case has caused a national debate in the United
States about race, self-defense laws and gun control.
    It was the first time the public had gotten to see and hear from George Zimmerman. The judge said he
had found probable cause to move ahead with the case and told Zimmerman he would be formally
charged on May 29th.  
    Zimmerman turned himself into authorities on Wednesday night, just before special prosecutor (检举
人)Angela Corey announced the charge against him.
    Corey told reporters she would fight for Trayvon Martin.
    "It's the victims and justice that we work tirelessly for " Corey said.
    Zimmerman says he shot Martin in self-defense after spotting the teenager in a gated community
where   Martin's father lives. He told police Martin attacked him during a conflict.The shooting caused a
national cry led by Martin's parents who insisted their son was murdered. They also accused Zimmerman
of targeting their son because he was black.
     "We just wanted an arrest and we got it," Trayvon Martin's mother Fulton said.
     Many in Sanford, Florida -the city where the shooting took place-welcomed the charge.
     "All of us were wanting this to move on and get to this process where it is now into the justice
system," one man said.
     "It was long overdue (迟到的) and I am glad they decided to do something," another said.
     Police did not initially charge Zimmerman with a crime because of a Florida law that says a person
has a right to stand his or her ground and meet force with force. Prosecutor Corey say:
     '' I'm prepared to argue the issue if Zimmerman uses the self-defense law in court''.
     Mark O'Mara, Zimmerman's lawyer, would not make his plan public, but he said his client (委托人)
was worried about the trial.
     "If found guilty of the second-degree murder charge, Zimmerman could face up to life in prison.",
O'Mara said.
1. Why did the case draw so much attention around U.S.A?
A. Because George Zimmerman was very cruel when he killed Trayvon Martin.
B. Because Trayvon Martin's father was a famous lawyer.
C. Because the case was related with race, self-defense laws and gun control.
D. Because George Zimmerman would be sentenced to life in prison.
2. What's Angela Corey's attitude towards this case?
A. She showed sympathy for the black people.
B. She wanted to defend justice for the victims.
C. She hated George Zimmerman very much.
D. She was against self-defense.
3. Which of the relationships is NOT true?
A. Zimmerman shot Martin during a conflict.
B. Mark O'Mara was Zimmerman's lawyer.
C. Sybrina Fulton was Martin's mother.
D. Angela Corey was the judge of the case.
4. Which of the following statements is the Fact?
A. Zimmerman turned himself into authorities before he was charged.
B. Zimmerman would be put into prison.
C. Zimmerman shot Martin in self-defense in a gated community.
D. Zimmerman targeted Trayvon Martin because he was black.
5. From the passage we can know         .
A. all people welcomed the charge in the city where the shooting took place
B. Zimmerman and Trayvon Martin's mother couldn't agree on how the thing happened
C. Mark O'Mara was willing to make his plan public
D. police did not charge Zimmerman with a crime at last
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