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“Hi，howareya.” some people say when they see a familiar face.The words run together into a mass，all sense and meaning lost. All the same，people do care how you are.After they greet you，it’s likely you will greet them back，with an equally meaningless phrase like，“Can’t complain，can’t complain.”You could probably complain，at length，or share a brilliant thought you were just beginning when a greeting interrupted you.You don’t though，you say，“Great，you？”
You are not giving each other information about your health and well?being.All the same，you are sharing information.You’re acknowledging each other’s positions as acknowledged friends，or at least as accepted acquaintances.And you are reestablishing the ties that may have lapsed(衰退) since yesterday，when you last met at the elevator or the entrance to the train station.
It’s what anthropologist(人类学家) Bronislaw Malinoski called a phatic(交流感情的) communication.Its message is not in the words you use，but in the fact that you speak ritually(仪式上地) accepted words.In Asia，for example，people may ask one another if they have eaten，or if they are busy.They’re not really asking for their lunch menu or their agenda，they are saying hello.A phatic signal merely says, “I see you there.” It says hi.
There’s embarrassment of being near people without acknowledging them.That uncomfortable feeling is one reason why lonely passengers in the subway may behave as if they cannot see anyone around them or may escape their uncomfortable situation with a book.Some people read all the way home，and never turn a page.
Your friend isn’t asking how you are，and you aren’t telling him.However，he is recognizing your existence，and when you answer，you are recognizing his.In addition，the set speech you have shared opens the door to closer communications if both agree.Someday，you may come to real close friendship，and really tell one another how you are.
Meanwhile，people who greet one another this way do care.They care enough to recognize someone’s essential humanity(人性)．They send a signal across the space between，to share，very briefly and lightly，in awareness of one another.
Your greetings prove that neither of you has become a social outcast.How are you？You are still a member of society in good status.You are still the one who knows the rituals and secret passwords necessary to get to work each day.
1.When people greet，they ________.
A．want to show their different educational backgrounds
B．show nothing related with the words themselves
C．want to know other people’s privacy
D．express something special
2. According to Bronislaw Malinoski，a phatic communication ________.
A．is rarely used by Asian people
B．is too complex to be used often
C．helps establish or keep certain relationships
D．often ruins the normal relationships between friends or acquaintances
3.Some people seldom greet strangers because ________.
A．they want to be polite to others
B．they feel uncomfortable to do it
C．they don’t know when to greet them
D．they want to do something meaningful
4.What does the text mainly tell us?
A．Greetings should be given better expressions.
B．Greetings convey different meanings to different people.
C．Greetings help prove an individual’s social independence.
D．Greetings help an individual be connected with the society.
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| When I was in Germany, one day at Christmas-time I went to a post office to send a letter. To my 1 I found people queuing (排队) some paces away from the person at the saving deposit window. 2 so? Each did his business 3 but the line never moved a step 4 . I was very 5 , so I walked to the window to find out the cause. There was a notice on which was written "Thank you for your 6 for other's privacy (隐私)" -a polite 7 to keep people away from interfering into other's 8 (money matters are regarded as privacy in Western countries). I was deeply impressed by the 9 and stayed a while to watch: they were waiting so 10 at a distance that they seemed quite 11 to the practice. The 12 thing happened at a public telephone box. 13 waiting for their turns always kept their distance-enough to be out of 14 . It's another typical example! From then on I 15 to watch their ways of doing things, manners, treatment 16 towards others. I found the Germans always mindful of other's privacy. They avoided putting others in an embarrassing (窘迫) situation. For instance, they never 17 about age, incomes or the place to buy such a coat, 18 would they comment on the others or jewelry others wore. Their laws 19 reading diaries or opening letters without permission. That shows 20 matters are not allowed to be disturbed. | ||||
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完形填空
When I was in Germany, one day at Christmas-time I went to a post office to send a letter. To my 1 I found people queuing (排队) some paces away from the person at the savings deposit window. 2 so? Each did his business 3 but the line never moved a step 4 , I was very 5 , so I walked to the window to find out the cause. There was a notice on which was written “Thank you for your 6 for other’s privacy (隐私)”—a polite 7 to keep people away from nosing into other’s 8 (money matters are regarded as privacy in Western countries). I was deeply impressed by the 9 and stayed a while to watch: they were waiting so 10 at a distance that they seemed quite 11 to the practice. The 12 thing happened at a public telephone box. 13 waiting for their turns always kept their distance—enough to be out of 14 . It’s another typical example!
From then on I 15 to watch their ways of doing things, manners, treatment 16 towards others. I found the Germans always mindful of other’s privacy. They avoided putting others in an embarrassing (窘迫)situation. For instance, they never 17 about age, incomes or the place to buy such a coat, 18 would they comment on the others or jewelry others wore. Their laws 19 reading diaries or opening letters without permission. That shows 20 matters are not allowed to be disturbed.
1. A. sorrow B. anger C. delight D. surprise
2. A. Why B. How C. What D. Where
3. A. in secret B. with care C. in turn D. by turns
4. A. slower B. nearer C. farther D. longer
5. A. curious B. angry C. interested D. impatient
6. A. care B. respect C. help D. search
7. A. voice B. phrase C. warning D. sentence
8. A. pockets B. savings C. needs D. affairs
9. A. word B. sight C. people D. matters
10. A. honestly B. anxiously C. nervously D. calmly
11. A. used B. familiar C. uncomfortable D. polite
12. A. interesting B. strange C. same D. different
13. A. They B. These C. Those D. That
14. A. sight B. hearing C. touch D. question
15. A. went on B. took care C. paid attention D. took charge
16. A. moving B. shown C. facing D. offered
17. A. asked B. heard C. worried D. learned
18. A. so B. nor C. not only D. if
19. A. appreciate B. stop C. hate D. forbid
20. A. pubic B. personal C. small D. important
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阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从41-60各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
When I was in Germany, one day at Christmas-time I went to a post office to send a letter. To my 41 I found people queuing some paces away from the person at the savings deposit window. 42 so? Each did his business 43 but the line never moved a step 44 . I was very 45 , so I walked to the window to find out the cause. There was a notice on which was written “Thank you for your 46 for other’s privacy”—a polite 47 to keep people away from nosing into other’s 48 (money matters are regarded as privacy in Western countries). I was deeply impressed by the 49 and stayed a while to watch: they were waiting so 50 at a distance that they seemed quite 51 to the practice. The 52 thing happened at a public telephone box. 53 waiting for their turns always kept their distance—enough to be out of 54 . It’s another typical example!
From then on I 55 to watch their ways of doing things, manners, treatment 56 towards others. I found the Germans always mindful of other’s privacy. They avoided putting others in an embarrassing situation. For instance, they never 57 about age, incomes or the place to buy such a coat, 58 would they comment on the others or jewelry others wore. Their laws 59 reading diaries or opening letters without permission. That shows 60 matters are not allowed to be disturbed.
A. sorrow B. anger C. delight D. surprise
A. Why B. How C. What D. Where
A. in secret B. with care C. in turn D. by turns
A. slower B. nearer C. farther D. longer
A. curious B. angry C. interested D. impatient
A. care B. respect C. help D. search
A. voice B. phrase C. warning D. sentence
A. pockets B. savings C. needs D. affairs
A. word B. sight C. people D. matters
A. honestly B. anxiously C. nervously D. calmly
A. used B. familiar C. uncomfortable D. polite
A. interesting B. strange C. same D. different
A. They B. These C. Those D. That
A. sight B. hearing C. touch D. question
A. went on B. took care C. paid attention D. took charge
A. moving B. shown C. facing D. offered
A. asked B. heard C. worried D. learned
A. so B. nor C. not only D. if
A. appreciate B. stop C. hate D. forbid
A. pubic B. personal C. small D. important
查看习题详情和答案>>When I was in Germany, one day at Christmas-time I went to a post office to send a letter. To my (16)______ I found people queuing some paces away from the person at the savings deposit window.
(17)_____so? Each did his business (18)_____ but the line never moved a step (19)_____. I was very (20)____, so I walked to the window to find out the cause. There was a notice on which was written “Thank you for your (21)_____for other's privacy”—a polite (22)_____to keep people away from nosing into other's (23)_____ (money matters are regarded as privacy in Western countries). I was deeply impressed by the (24)____ and stayed a while to watch: they were waiting so (25)____ at a distance that they seemed quite (26) _____to the practice. The (27)____ thing happened at a public telephone box. (28)_____ waiting for their turns always kept their distance—enough to be out of (29)____ . It's another typical example!
From then on I (30)____ to watch their ways of doing things, manners, treatment (31)____ towards others. And I found the Germans always mindful of other's privacy. They avoided putting others in an embarrassing(窘迫)situation. For instance, they never (32)____ about age, incomes or the place to buy such a coat, (33)_____would they comment on the others or jewelry others wore. Their laws (34)_____ reading diaries or opening letters without permission. That shows (35) ____matters are not allowed to be disturbed．
16．A．sorrow B．anger C．delight D．surprise
17．A．Why B．How C．What D．Where
18．A．in secret B．with care C．in turn D．by turns
19．A．slower B．nearer C．farther D．longer
20．A．curious B．angry C．interested D．impatient
21．A．care B．respect C．help D．search
22．A．voice B．phrase C．warning D．sentence
23．A．pockets B．savings C．needs D．affairs
24．A．word B．sight C．people D．matters
25．A．honestly B．anxiously C．nervously D．calmly
26．A．used B．familiar C．uncomfortable D．polite
27．A．interesting B．strange C．same D．different
28．A．They B．These C．Those D．That
29．A．sight B．hearing C．touch D．question
30．A．went on B．took care C．paid attention D．took charge
31．A moving B．shown C．facing D．offered
32．A asked B．heard C．worried D．learned
33．A．so B．nor C．not only D．if
34．A．appreciate B．stop C．hate D．forbid
35．A．public B．personal C．small D．important
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