When you are advised to “get an education” if you want to raise your income, you are only told half the truth, what you should be told is to get just enough education to provide manpower for your society, but not too much education that would prove an embarrassment to your society. Get a high school diploma, at least. Without that, you are occupationally dead, unless your name happens to be George Bernard Shaw or Thomas Alva Edison and you can successfully drop out in grade school.

Get a college degree, if possible. With a BA, you are on the launching pad. But now you have to start to put on the brakes. If you go for a master’s degree, make sure it’s an MBA, and only from a first – rate university. Beyond this, the famous law of diminishing returns (报酬递减规律性) begins to take effect. Do you know, for instance, that heavy truck drivers earn more a year than full professors? Yes, the average 1977 salary for those truckers was $ 24,000, while the full professor managed to average just $ 23,930.

A Ph.D. is the highest degree you can get, but except for a few specialized fields such as physics or chemistry, where the degree can quickly be turned to industrial or commercial purposes, you are facing a dark future. There are more Ph. Ds unemployed or underemployed in this country than any other part of world by far.

If you become a doctor of Philosophy in English or History or Anthropology or Political Science or language or – worst of all – in Philosophy, you run the risk of becoming overeducated for our national demands.

Thousands of Ph. Ds are selling shoes, driving cars, waiting on tables and filling out fruitless 　applications month after month. And then maybe taking a job in some high school or lifeless college that pays much less than the doorkeeper earns.

Income and education are closely related. Far enough, that is, to make you useful to the gross  national product, but not so far that nobody can turn much of a　profit on you.

1．According to the writer, what the society expects of education is to turn out people who _______

       A．will become loyal citizens to a nation

       B．can always take good care of themselves

       C．will not be a shame to society or their families

       D．can meet the demands as a source of manpower

2．If you are as gifted as Bernard Shaw or Edison         .

       A．you can get a high school diploma without difficulty

       B．you can be professionally successful without a diploma

       C．the least you should do is to get a diploma

       D．you will be successful in grade school

3．Many Ph. Ds are out of work because        .

       A．they are of little commercial value to the society

       B．they prefer easy jobs with more money

       C．there are fewer jobs in high schools

       D．they are wrongly educated

4．According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?        

       A．The higher your education level is, the more money you’ll earn.

       B．If you are too well – educated, you may make things difficult for the society.

       C．One must think carefully before going for a master’s degree.

       D．Bernard Shaw didn’t finish high school, nor did Edison.

阅读理解

阅读下列短文，掌握其大意，然后从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中选出最佳选项。

　　When your parents advise you to“get an education”in order to raise your income, they tell you only half the truth. What they really mean is to get just enough education to provide manpower for your society, but not so much that you prove an embarrassment to your society.

　　Get a high school diploma, at least. Without that, you will be occupationally dead unless your name happens to be George Bernard Shaw or Thomas Alva Edison, and you can successfully drop out in grade school.

　　Get a college degree, if possible. With a B. A., you are on the launching pad (火箭发射台). But now you have to start to put on the brakes. If you go for a master's degree, make sure it is an MBA, which is to bring you returns.

　　Do you know, for example, that truck drivers earn more per year than full professor? Yes, the average 1977 salary for those truckers was $24,000, while the full professors managed to earn just $23,030.

　　A Ph. D. is the highest degree you can get. Except for a few specialized fields such as physics or chemistry where the degree can quickly be turned to industrial or commercial purposes, if you seek such a degree in any other field, you will face a dim future. There are more Ph.D. s unemployed or underemployed in this country than any other part of the world.

　　If you become a doctor of philosophy in English or history or political science or languages or worst of all--in philosophy, you run the risk of becoming overeducated for our national demands. Not for our needs, mind you, but for our demands.

　　Thousands of Ph. D. s are selling shoes, driving cars, waiting on table, and endlessly filling out applications month after month. They may also take a job in some high school or backwater(穷乡僻壤的) college that pays much less than the doorkeeper earns.

　　You can consider the level of income to be equal to the level of education only so far. Far enough, that is, to make you useful to the gross national product (GNP), but not so far that nobody can turn much of a profit on you.

1．According to the writer, what the society expects of education is to turn out people who _____.

[　　]

A．will not be a disgrace to society

B．will become loyal citizens

C．can take care of themselves

D．can meet the nation's demands as a source of manpower

2．Many Ph.D. s are out of job because _____.

[　　]

A．they are improperly educated

B．they are of little commercial value to their society

C．there are fewer jobs in high schools

D．they prefer easier jobs that make more money

3．Which of the following is NOT true?

[　　]

A．Bernard Shaw didn't finish high schools, nor did Edison.

B．One must think carefully before pursuing a master degree.

C．The higher your education level is, the more money you will earn.

D．If you are too well-educated, you may be overeducated for society's demands.

4．The nation is only interested in people _____.

[　　]

A．with diplomas

B．who specialize in physics and chemistry

C．who are valuable to the gross national product

D．who have got doctor's degree

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A，B，C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

　　When your parents advise you to“get an education”in order to raise your income, they tell you only half the truth. What they really mean is to get just enough education to provide manpower for your society, but not so much that you prove an embarrassment to your society.

　　Get a high school diploma, at least. Without that, you will be occupationally dead unless your name happens to be George Bernard Shaw or Thomas Alva Edison, and you can successfully drop out in grade school. Get a college degree, if possible. With a B. A. , you are on the launching pad. But now you have to start to put on the brakes. If you go for a master's degree, make sure it is an M. B. A% . , and is famous law of diminishing returns begins to take effect.

　　Do you know, for instance, that long haul truck drivers earn more per year than full professors? Yes, the average 1977 salary for those truckers was $ 24,000. While the full professors managed to earn just $ 23,030. A Ph. D. is the highest degree you can get. Except for a few specialized fields such as physics or chemistry where the degree can quickly be turned to industrial or commercial purposes, if you pursue such a degree in any other field, you will face a dim future. There are more Ph. D. s unemployed or underemployed in this country than any other part of the world.

　　If you become a doctor of philosophy in English or history or anthropology (人类学) or political science or languages orworst of allin philosophy(哲学), you run the risk of becoming overeducated for our national demands. Not for our needs, mind you, but for our demands. Thousands of Ph. D. s are selling shoes, driving cars, waiting on table, and endlessly filling out applications month after month. They may also take a job in some high school or backwater college that pays much less than the janitor(看门人) earns.

　　You can equate the level of income with the level of education only so far. Far enough, that is, to make you useful to the gross national product, but not so far that nobody can turn much of a profit on you.

1．According to the writer, what the society expects of education is to turn out people who ________.

[　　]

A．will not be a disgrace to society

B．will become loyal citizens

C．can take care of themselves

D．can meet the nation's demands as a source of manpower

2．Many Ph. D. s are out of job because ________.

[　　]

A．they are improperly educated

B．they are of little commercial value to their society

C．there are fewer jobs in high schools

D．they prefer easier jobs that make more money

3．The nation is only interested in people ________.

[　　]

A．with diplomas

B．who specialize in physics and chemistry

C．who are valuable to the gross national product

D．both A and C

4．Which of the following is NOT true?

[　　]

A．Bernard Shaw didn't finish high schools, nor did Edison.

B．One must think carefully before pursuing a master degree.

C．The higher your education level, the more money you will earn.

D．If you are too well-educated, you'll be overeducated for　society's demands.

5．The writer sees education as ________.

[　　]

A．a means of providing job security and financial security and a means of meeting a country's demands for technical workers

B．a way to broaden one's horizons(见识)

C．more important than finding a job

D．an opportunity that everyone should have