本文是属于夹叙夹议体裁，反映的是海洋污染的问题。希望能够从中得到警示，让我们反醒自己的行为。彻底认识到保护自然就是保护我们自己！！

Every year 2. 2 million tons of oil are spilled（ 散落，溅出 ）into the ocean. Actually, this only amounts to a small percentage of the total 1. 6 billion tons of oil shipped around the world each year. However, this spilled oil has terrible effects on ocean life, including the coastlines where the off washes up onto shore. Some of the largest spills in history were caused by oil tankers running into each other or by an oil tanker sailing into shallow water and hitting the bottom of the ocean.

After these spills, officials try to discover who or what was at fault to help prevent similar accidents in the future.

One of the worst oil spills in history occurred along the Alaskan coastline in 1989. In this accident, 42,000 tons of oil spilled from a tanker which resulted in terrible damage to this sensitive natural area. In this spill, the tanker's captain, who was tired from overwork and drinking alcohol, had gone to___________. He gave control of the ship to the third mate. The third mate was unfamiliar with the path the ship took, and he ran the ship onto Blighe Reef. Blighe Reef is a natural underwater rock wall near the Alaskan coast. Damaged by the reef, the ship leaked oil out into the ocean. More than 1,600 kilometers of coastline were affected by the oil spill. Some scientists who studied nature in the area guessed that 580,000 birds and 5,500 others died when the oil from the spill covered their skin. As well, smaller shellfish and other sea creatures were later eaten by seals, whales, and other animals. The most oil ever spilled was actually dumped on purpose as an act of ecological warfare. The term ecological warfare means to fight by doing harm to nature in the area under attack. In 1990, Iraq sent soldiers into Kuwait and set off the Persian Gulf War. As part of the Iraq war plan, 900,000 tons of oil were let out into the Persian Gulf Way Iraq. This oil covered 1,500 square kilometers of water in the Persian Gulf. The oil also damaged 650 kilometers of the coastline of both Kuwait and Saudi Arabia. In some places, oil floating on the water was measured to be 43 centimeters thick. Water birds, water plants, and baby fish were all seriously affected by the oil. The long-term effects of this act on the food chain in the area are bound to cause problems tar into the future.

1. What’s the best title of the passage?

2. Which sentence in the passage is the closest in meaning to the following one?

Officials make efforts to do research into the oil spill accidents and don’t want to see the similar things happen again in the future.

3. Please fill in the blank in the passage with proper words or phrases to complete the sentence.（within ten words）

4. What do you think of the oil spill accident happening in 1990 in the Persian Gulf ?（within 30 words）

5. Translate the underlined sentence into Chinese.

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

The Transport Industry In the UK

The transport industry employs around 2.3 million people in the UK across some 196,000 companies. Worth over ￡75 billion to the economy, it ensures that goods, services and people can move as efficiently as possible.

  1.   Traffic and transport construction jobs are essential to ensure that there are no long-term disruptions（中断） in transport. Without traffic and transport construction jobs, the Transport for London Organization wouldn’t be able to maintain its train or tube lines.

  2.   Opportunities involve construction work and building services to maintain facilities(设施) such as airports and train stations. It also involves anything from designing and creating a new bridge or road, to developing a new harbor to increase sea freight（海运）.

Some roles require shift work.   3. . Depending on the role, travel may also be required either locally, nationally, or in some cases, internationally.

Traffic and transport construction jobs have not escaped the effects of a global economic downturn. However, rising fuel costs have seen a huge increase in the number of people using public transport.   4.   

Traffic and transport construction jobs were important during the 2012 Games. Billions of pounds were invested into improving the capital’s transport facilities.   5.   It was a 12-carriage train that linked King’s Cross St. Pancras stations to the heart of London in just seven minutes.

A. With the transport industry, many people would be unemployed in UK.

B. This included the “Olympic Javelin”.

C. This can mean working evenings, nights and possibly weekends.

D. Because of the size of the industry, a number of career opportunities are available.

E. Many stadiums were built at that time.

F. This is because transport construction jobs carry out all the necessary maintenance required to keep public transport safe and running.

G. The industry can be divided into three main sectors: surface, sea and air transport.

阅读下列短文, 从所给的四个选项中, 选出最佳答案。

    We are used to the idea of aging ourselves. We are so used to this　　 that it comes as a surprise to find that there may be some animals　　 that do not age. Sea anemones (海葵) are an example. Some have been　　 kept for nearly a century without showing any signs of losing vigor　　 (活力). Some sea worms can even "grow backwards". If starved and kept　　 in the dark, they get smaller. They finally end as a ball of cells,　　 looking rather like the egg from which they come. Under favorable　　 conditions the ball will turn back to a worm and start growing again.　　 One could probably keep them growing and "un-growing" indefinitely.　　 　　

(1) Some sea worms get smaller when they ___________.　　 　　

[    ] 　　

A. lose their breath　　　　

B. lose weight　　　　

C. suffer from cold　　　　 　　

D. suffer from hunger and do not see any light 　　

(2) According to the passage, some sea animals ___________.　　 　　

[    ] 　　

A. are afraid of light　　　　

B. die when they become a ball of cells 　　

C. do not grow old　　　　

D. do not eat food at all

When he was a boy, Tim was much influenced（影响） by the books about the sea, but in fact by the age of fifteen he had decided to become a doctor rather than a sailor. His father was a dentist and as a result, Tim had the opportunity of meeting many doctors either at home or elsewhere. When he was fourteen he was already hanging around the clinic (诊所) of a local doctor where he was supposed to help to wrap up medicine bottles, but was actually trying to listen to the conversations（会议） taking place between the doctor and his patients in the next room.
During the war Tim served in the Navy (海军) as a surgeon (外科医生). “That was the happiest time of my life. I was dealing with very real suffering and on the whole making a success of it.” In California he taught the country people simple facts about medicine. He saw himself as a life-saver. He had proved his skills to himself and his ability to take decisions. Thus, while he was able to tell them what to do, he could feel he was saving them. After the war, he got married and chose to be a doctor in the countryside, working under an old doctor who was popular in the area, but who hated the sight of blood and believed that the secret of medicine was faith. This gave the young man many opportunities（机会） to go on working as a life-saver.
【小题1】Tim decided to be a doctor when he was________.

When he was a boy, Tim was much influenced（影响） by the books about the sea, but in fact by the age of fifteen he had decided to become a doctor rather than a sailor. His father was a dentist and as a result, Tim had the opportunity of meeting many doctors either at home or elsewhere. When he was fourteen he was already hanging around the clinic (诊所) of a local doctor where he was supposed to help to wrap up medicine bottles, but was actually trying to listen to the conversations taking place between the doctor and his patients in the next room.
During the war Tim served in the Navy (海军) as a surgeon (外科医生). “That was the happiest time of my life. I was dealing with very real suffering and on the whole making a success of it.” In California he taught the country people simple facts about medicine. He saw himself as a life-saver. He had proved his skills to himself and his ability to take decisions. Thus, while he was able to tell them what to do, he could feel he was saving them. After the war, he got married and chose to be a doctor in the countryside, working under an old doctor who was popular in the area, but who hated the sight of blood and believed that the secret of medicine was faith. This gave the young man many opportunities to go on working as a life-saver.
【小题1】Tim decided to be a doctor when he was________.