根据短文内容，从下框的选项中选出能概括每一段主题的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余项。(涂卡时，E涂AB，F涂AC)

How you calm yourself before giving a speech? Both modern research and centuries of experience from experienced public speakers suggest some practical advice.

61. _____

 Know to whom you’ll be speaking, and learn as much about your audience as you can. The more you can anticipate the kind of reaction your listeners will have to your speech, the more comfortable you’ll be in delivering your message. Be audience-centered rather than speaker-centered.

62._____

 You will feel less nervous if you talk about something you are familiar with or have some personal experience of. Your comfort with the subject of the speech will be reflected in your delivery.

63. _____

The better prepared you are, the less anxiety you will experience. Being prepared means that you have researched your topic and practiced your speech several times before you deliver it.

64. _____

You are likely to feel the most anxious during the opening moments of your speech. Therefore, it is a good idea to have a clear plan for how you will start your speech. Being familiar with your introduction will help you feel more comfortable about the entire speech. If you know how you will end your speech, you will have a safe harbour in case you lose your place. If you need to end your speech ahead of time, a well-delivered conclusion can permit you to make a graceful exit.

65._____

 One of the symptoms(症状) of nervousness is a change in your breathing and heart rates. Nervous speakers tend to take short, shallow breaths. To help break the anxiety—reduce breathing pattern, consider taking a few slow deep breaths before you rise to speak.

Imagine a training course that helps you in your specific job. Imagine tools and techniques that are so closely connected with your work that you can apply them directly to it. Imagine receiving an Open University (OU) certificate (证书) in a course which states what you have studied and achieved.

It may sound fantastic, but it’s a reality at the Open University’s CCPD, which is making learning while you work more flexible (灵活的) than ever before.

The courses are starting to change workplace learning completely. Paige, who took CCPD’s courses, said the study had changed her whole way of thinking. “It was excellent for so many reasons,” she said. “It developed me as a person and as an employee and taught me particular techniques. I was always able to bring what I’d learned into the office the next day and apply it to my job.”

Even better news for Paige was that her employer paid the full cost of her study. She became one of thousands of OU students whose fees were paid by employers who recognized the value of an OU education.

“These courses are designed for CCPD rather than as part of a formal certificate,” said Kathy, an OU teacher. “We pay more attention to development rather than assessment (评估). Our role is to give them personal developmental advice, not a mark.”

Paige is just one of 200,000 students who are learning at OU. CCPD itself is just a part of an organization that offers courses and qualifications in 360 subjects and has so far helped to develop the skills and knowledge of more than two million people.

 “Education does not stop with getting a degree,” said Charles Edwards, CCPD’s director. “In a fast-moving economy you cannot afford to rely on the degree you got some time ago. You must keep updating your knowledge.”

For details on CCPD’s courses and to register with the 10% discount available to members, visit www.open.ac.uk.

According to the passage, CCPD’s courses are ________.

A. required courses for formal academic qualifications

B. training courses for professional development

C. special courses for a master’s degree

D. elective courses for university students

The example of Paige is given to show ________.

A. the benefits of lifelong learning

B. how completely learning has changed

C. the value of CCPD’s courses of the OU

D. the importance of hard work

It can be inferred from Paragraph 4 that ________.

A. Paige has got promoted after learning CCPD’s courses

B. an OU education has been accepted by many employers

C. Paige is the best employee in her company

D. most employers care for their employees

According to the passage, CCPD’s courses focus on ________.

A. assessment of learners

B. learners’ personal development

C. the academic knowledge of learners

D. classroom learning

I live in the land of Disney, Hollywood and year - round sun．You may think People ,n such an attractive, fun - filled place are happier than others．If so you have some mistaken ideas about the nature of happiness．
Many intelligent people still think fun equals happiness．The truth is that fun and happiness have little or nothing in common．Fun is what we experience during an act．Happiness is what we experience after an act．It is a deep, long-lasting emotion．
Going to an amusement park or a ball game, watching a movie or television are fun activities that help us relax, temporally forget our problems and maybe even laugh．But they do not bring happiness, because their positive effects end when the fun ends．
I have often thought that if Hollywood stars have a role to play, it is to teach us that happiness has nothing to do with fun．They have constant access to exciting parties, fancy cars, expensive homes, everything that spells "happiness" But in memoir（回忆录） after memoir, they expose Ac unhappiness hidden beneath all their fun: depression, alcoholism, drug addiction, broken marriages and loneliness．
Ask a bachelor why he resists marriage even though he finds dating to be less and less satisfying．If he is honest, he will tell you that he is afraid of making a commitment．For commitment is in fact quite painful．The single life is filled with fun, adventure and excitement．Marriage has such moments, but they are not its most distinguishing features．
Similarly, couples that choose not to have children are deciding in favor of painless fun over painful happiness．They can dine out whenever they want and sleep as late as they want．Couples with babies are lucky to get a whole night' s sleep．I don't know any parent who would choose the word fun to describe raising children．
Understanding and accepting that true happiness has nothing to do with fun is one of the most liberating realizations we can ever come to．It liberates time: now we can devote more hours to activities that can truly increase our happiness．It liberates money: buying that new car or those fancy clothes that will do nothing to increase our happiness now seems pointless．And it frees us from envy: we now understand that all those rich and famous people we were so sure are happy because they are always having so much fun actually may not be happy at all．
【小题1】What is the passage mainly about?

If you have questions about developing your study practices,the first place to look is in our Study Guides. However,if you don't find the answers you need here, or you feel the guidance would make more sense in the situation of your own work, then you may find it helpful to talk to an adviser individually.

We offer subject-focused sessions(辅导课) -with friendly professional advisers. These 30-nunute sessions (longer if necessary)are "tailor-made" to your individual needs and completely secret.

What to expect from an individual advice session

Our individual advice sessions are quite informal and tailored to your needs. Your adviser will usually want to talk a bit about how your studies are going generally, and what you would like to discuss. As sessions are quite short, it's useful if you can be prepared by tlunking about this before you arrive. It will be helpful for us if you can bring any marked work that you have, so that we can see what areas of your work markers have commented on.

We aimto help you developyour skills to study more effectively andachievesubject success. So we will not correct work for you, but will help you understand what youneed to know to correct it yourself in the future. Everyone works differently, so we may make a number of suggestions - it will be up to you to try them out and see what worksest for you.

If you'd like to discuss a coursework assignment which you are currently working on,it may be helpful if you can email your work to the adviser you are seeing oefore your meeting (contact details are here), with a note sessions are quite short, you might prefer that develop your work, rather than reading it!

Please note:

Saying what you would like to discuss. Aswe spent the time discussing how you can．  We cannot pravide subject-specific advice. For this,it is best to consult your course    tutor. If you would prefer to talk to someone else, try your personal tutor, or the    Senior Tutor in your department. Your department or school office will be able to advise on who that is.

We do not proof-read work. See our guide to Effective Proof-reading to help you to develop develop your own proof-reading practices.

Study Advisers are not trained to teach English as a Foreign Language. For basic     principles relating to common errors in academic English, please see our guide to       Academic Writing. If you feel you need more detailed help, there are also links on the    Academic Writing pages to more comprehensive websites, including some with  interactive exercises.

If  English is not your first language, the In-sessional English SLrpport Programme    (IESP) provides training courses in academic writing skills, speaking skills, and  pronunciation practice.There is a smll charge for students not paying full overseas fees.

Booking an advice session

Sessions may be booked in advance by calling 0118 378 4242 0r emailing studyadvice@reading.ac.uk. Please include a contact phone number in any messages you  leave.

1.The underlined word "tailor_made" in Paragraph 2 most probably means      .

A．valuable          B．suitable           C．available          D．acceptable

2.As sessions are time-limited,it is helpful if you can       .

A．predict what suggestion works best for you

B．bring some non-marked work for comments

C．prepare what you'd like to discuss in advance

D．consult with your adviser on your work by phone

3.If a Chinese student plans to take an English pronunciation training course, he/she can see the guide to       .

A．Study Guides                           B．Effective Proof-reading

C．Academic Writing                       D．In-sessional English Support Programme

4.What is the purpose of the passage?

A．To give some professional subject advice.

B．To promote the individual advice sessions.

C．To stress the importance of a friendly adviser.

D．To provide four websites offering study guides.

根据对话内容，从对话后的选项中选出能填入空白出的最佳答案，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项多余选项。（共5小题：每小题一分，满分5分）
注意：E涂AB,F涂AC,G涂AD
A:Now,Mr John.I’ve read your own docter’s report.So you haven’t been feeling well lately.【小题1】
B:Yes.It’s my leg,docter.My left leg.I’m suffering from frequent strange pain in it.
A：【小题2】
B:It’s like boiling water running down my leg.It’s been getting worse lately too.I’v been losing sleep.
A: 【小题3】
B:Yes,that’s right.It’s been keeping me awake.
A:Have you been getting tired lately after you have a walk?
B:Why?Yes,Yes,I have,docter.
A:Hmm…【小题4】
B:Do you think it’s serious?
A:Probably not.
B:But…Docter Cook,my local docter think it’s only that I have been working too hard lately.
A: 【小题5】Don’t worry.We’ ll find out soon.