摘要：What the population of Beijing? A.is B.are

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Beijing's historic hutong are in danger of disappearing. That's the warning from residents and historians, who have called on authorities to do more to protect this unique part of the capital's culture.

In 2000, Beijing still had 1,300 hutong, according to amateur historian Zhang Wei. But he estimates that since then, at least half of them have disappeared.

According to regulations, people can report illegal buildings to urban patrol officers, known as chengguan, and buildings found to be illegal will be demolished by force.

However, a China Daily reporter found that it was not an easy task, and lots of additional structures built by their owners were found in hutong. Many owners added a second floor or even more floors to their houses, especially in buildings near main streets, in order to rent more apartments and make more money.

Zhang, the historian, said that to better protect the hutong, the government should offer more compensation to residents willing to move away. Guo Dazhi, a photojournalist in Beijing, lived in a hutong for nearly 30 years before moving to eastern Chaoyang district. Guo hopes that the government can solve the problem by moving residents out of hutong with policies such as public renting programs.

However, the Beijing Commission of Urban Planning said in a report in July that the relocation of residents from old areas was very expensive.According to the report, allocating 10,000 residents costs 1.5 billion yuan .

66. What made Beijing’s historic hutong in danger?

A. The fast development of the city                   B. Some people build unlawful construction 

C. Population growing                               D. Pollution

67. What does demolish mean in para.3?

A .pull down                      B. build up          C. clean up                   D. wash up

68. Who is mainly in charge of the illegal building?

A .Policemen                    B. The army       C.  Chengguan           D. The local committee

69. What is the suggestion mentioned of solving the problem?

A. moving residents out of hutong with force         B. introduce social capital for investment in constructure

C. offer more money to residents willing to move away.                                   D. build more hutong

70. How many hutong exist up till now?

A. 1300                            B.300                        C. 2000                     D.600

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London has always been known for its "black fogs. “ In the winter of 1952，a milky white fog rolled into the city. As the smoke poured into the air, it was so hard to see that people had to walk in front of the buses to guide them. In this way, the most serious air pollution disaster in history began. When it was over, more than 4,000 people had been killed by the thick black smog.

New York City has had several London-type smogs since 1950. Each time, there were from 100 to 400 deaths caused by the smog. Although these smogs were not as deadly as London’ s,

New York City has the worst air pollution problem in the United States.

In all the killer smogs, factories and homes poured smoke and fumes into the air from the furnaces. The chemical fumes combined with the water droplets in the fog to form harmful substances. These substances caused the illness of those who breathed the polluted air.

Usually, such harmful fumes rise into the upper air and are blown away by the wind. But sometimes there is an unusual weather condition called a temperature inversion. A layer of cold air remains near the ground as smoke and fumes pour into it. This is covered by an upper layer of warm air that acts like a lid. It prevents the polluted cooler air from rising. The harmful fumes pile up and make people ill. The smog may be so thick that airports are closed and chains of collisions occur on the highways.

Another type of smog occurs in Los Angeles. Here the weather may be clear and sunny. But stinging eyes and dry coughs show that harmful chemicals fill the air. The smog is due to invisible gases, mostly from automobile exhaust. Because these chemicals are changed by the sun high up in the air, it is called photochemical smog. It contains automobile exhaust fumes and nitrogen oxides changed by the sun's rays. Added to these are sulfur dioxide and other fumes from factories and oil refineries. Photochemical smog is found in many large cities all over the world.

Killer smogs don，t happen very often, fortunately. But in Beijing, a combination of automobile exhaust fumes, home furnace smoke, and factory waste gases pours into the air. This may also happen in the suburbs, or out in the country, where large factories have been built. A number of harmful substances have been found in the air there. When these substances are breathed in day after day ，the health of the population is affected.

51.    Why do people call this phenomenon " black fog" ？

A. It is black and dirty.                        B. It can affect the health.

C. It can kill people.                            D. It is too thick for people to see something.

52.    What can reduce the air pollution according to the passage?

A. Water.                    B. Wind.                  C. The sun.                  D. Cold air.

53.When photochemical smog happens in the city, _____.

A. many people will be killed                B. black smoke may pour into the air

C. the weather may be fine                   D. people have to walk to work

54.From the passage we know that the most serious black smog disaster took place in_____

A, London               B. New York             C. Los Angeles              D. Beijing

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阅读理解

　　When people think of the unique characteristics of Beijing, the hutongs style always comes to mind．It is no exaggeration(夸张)to say within hutong lives the city's history．

　　The word hutong was borrowed from the Mongolian word to mean"water well" about 700 years ago．Later it referred to a place where people live．Hutong we see today are made up of small lanes formed by walls of siheyuan．They were built during the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties．

　　When the People's Republic of China was founded in 1949, there were more than 3,000 hutongs．Most of the city's population lived in this traditional housing．But with the modernization of the city in the 1980s and early 1990s, many hutongs were pulled down to build roads, skyscrapers and modern houses．

　　The government has recognized the importance of hutong to Chinese cultural heritage(文化遗产)．In 2002,Beijing listed 40 protected historical zones and increased its efforts to restore some key relics and older streets in the city．Nearly 500 hutongs have survived．

　　Hutongs that still exist are like oases(绿洲)of calm surrounded by the noisy city．Walking through them, it is common to see groups of elderly citizens sitting together playing cards, mahjong or Chinese chess．In the early mornings and evenings, they gather to practice traditional forms of exercise such as taijiquan as well as dancing and singing folk songs or Peking Opera．Hutongs have become a museum of Beijing's folk customs and history．

(1)

What is the original meaning of the word hutong?

[　　]

A．

Small lanes．

B．

Water well．

C．

Shiheyuan．

D．

A traditional house．

(2)

What does the underlined phrase "pulls down" mean in Paragraph 3?

[　　]

A．

Replace．

B．

Destroy．

C．

Restore．

D．

Establish．

(3)

According to the author, what is the importance of hutong to Chinese cultural heritage?

[　　]

A．

It is a traditional housing style of Beijing．

B．

Hutongs have become a museum of Beijing's folk customs and history．

C．

It is a good place for the elderly citizens to play cards, mahjong or Chinese chess．

D．

Hutongs are like oases(绿洲)of calm of Beijing．

(4)

According to the passage, which of the following is FALSE?

[　　]

A．

Hutong style is one of the unique characteristics of Beijing．

B．

In 2002,Beijing listed 40 protected historical zones．

C．

Beijing decreased its efforts to restore some key relics and older streets in the city．

D．

Hutong have become a museum of Beijing's folk customs and history．

(5)

Which is the best title of this passage?

[　　]

A．

The Unique Characteristics of Beijing．

B．

Chinese Cultural Heritage．

C．

Living Museum of Beijing's Past．

D．

A Traditional Housing Style of Beijing．

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阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

　　As China becomes increasingly urbanized(城市化), it has to find space for its urban and rural citizens as both groups become increasingly integrated．Experts suggest a possible model way may be “re-inventing” a “garden city”．

　　China's mega-cities are bursting at the borders and the country is now undergoing the quickest and biggest urbanization in the history of mankind．It is estimated that by 2025, China will have 400 million more people living in its cities, raising its urban population to 900 million．Besides, new satellite towns are mushrooming on the urban fringes while city ring roads are rippling outwards into the countryside at amazing speed．Satellite maps collected by Professor Joshua Bolchover at the University of Hong Kong bring the problem sharply into focus．They track the changing rural-urban framework in the past 30 years, and suggest that cities are cruelly destroying surrounding rural land and rapidly reducing the amount of arable(可耕种的)land, which gives way to new residential blocks, new industrial zones, new financial centers and the other inevitable signs and signatures of economic growth．

　　This, however, is not sustainable growth pattern, especially when China has the world's largest population to feed．So concerned urban planners are starting to note the social and physical effects of diaspora(大移居)when replaced rural communities are forced into the cities．

　　On the other hand, a trend of thought is gradually taking shape and this is the concept of the “garden city”, a combination of country and city that is being proposed by architects and city planners．Hua Li, from Tao Architects, is among the many professionals with such a voice．His argument is supported by a long-term study on this subject．As Hua says, the answer is to preserve patches of productive farmland within urban boundaries．Less transportation means we have fresh agricultural products at lower costs and less carbon emission in the city．And urban farmland can also be showcased for agricultural tourism and education．

　　The concept is already practiced at the grassroot level．Agriculture has gone into the air, up to roof and balcony in some communities in the cities．It's common to see organic “hanging garden” on the roof of some traditional courtyard home．According to some people, the rooftop project translate to tangible(= practical)benefits, such as safe, nutritious vegetables, a cooler home in summer．Some say thanks to the tomatoes they plant that are natural insect killers, there’re fewer mosquitoes．Apart from these, it also contributes to better bonding with neighbors．Zhang, a doctor in Beijing, began creating his hanging garden five years ago．Since his garden became home to 30 kinds of vegetables and fruit-all enough to feed his family, neighbors have enjoyed dropping by for a relaxing chat or just to see how well the lovely vegetables and fruit are doing．

　　Although people like Zhang are still rare and the greening of roof space with vegetables and fruit takes skill and energy, with more positive media exposure and advanced technology there is the prospect that garden city will become common practice in the near future．By then, cities will no longer look so gray when seen from the satellites．

(1)

Some experts suggest re-inventing a “garden city” because ________．

[　　]

A．

it is the only model way to save the cities

B．

it helps stop destroying the rural areas

C．

increasing urbanization takes place in China

D．

China has the largest population to feed

(2)

What is the purpose of paragraph 2?

[　　]

A．

To show the experts’ concern about the increase of population．

B．

To persuade people into supporting economic growth in cities．

C．

To explain the reasons for the change of rural-urban framework．

D．

To inform the readers of the consequences of quick urbanization．

(3)

In Hua Li's opinion, a combination of country and city will ________．

[　　]

A．

benefit the environment and lower living costs

B．

become a project that needs a long-term study

C．

lead to more rural communities being replaced

D．

attract more farmers to take tours in cities

(4)

Zhang is mentioned(Paragraph 5)to show that ________．

[　　]

A．

he achieves his dream to own a hanging garden

B．

hanging gardens are becoming more popular

C．

the garden contributes to a better neighborhood

D．

he is a pioneer to practise the gardening concept

(5)

As for the concept of the “garden city”, the writer feels ________．

[　　]

A．

desperate

B．

hopeful

C．

disappointed

D．

concerned

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　　In 1995 ten of the largest cities in the world have a total population of 152．5 million． How does it spread out ? How does it distribute? Let's have a look at the circle below． We divide the ten cities into five groups : Group A : Tokyo in Japan and Seoul in Korea． Group B: Sao Paulo in Brazil and Mexico City in Mexico． Group C: New York and Los Angeles in the U．S．A． Group D: Bombay and Calcutta in India． Group E: Shanghai and Beijing in China． If l52．5 million is supposed to be 100% in 360° circle, then each group’s population takes a certain percent of the 152．5 million in total, a certain part of the circle, a certain number of degrees in a central angle in the 360 ° circle．

1．What was the total population in Shanghai and Beijing in 1995?

A．24． 7 million．　　 B． 25．7 million．　　 C． 26．7 million．　　 D． 27．7 million

2．What was the total population in Sao Paulo and Mexico City in 1995?

A．31 million．　　 B． 32 million．　　 C． 33 million．　　　　D． 34 million．

3．How many more million of people were there in Group A than in Group C?

A．6．15 million．　　B． 7．25 million．　　 C． 8．15 million．　　 D． 9．15 million．

4．How many degrees are there in the central angle of the part for the total population of Bombay and Calcutta?

A．64．8° ．B． 74．8° ． C． 44．8° ． D． 54．8° ．

5．What is the ratio (比例) of the total population of New York and Los Angeles to the total population of Tokyo and Seoul?

A．1/5 B．2/5　　 C．3/5　　 D． 4/5

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